Search results for "Abstract algebra"

showing 10 items of 452 documents

Two simple criteria to estimate an objective's performance when imaging in non design tissue clearing solutions

2019

Tissue clearing techniques are undergoing a renaissance motivated by the need to image fluorescent neurons, and other cells, deep in the sample without physical sectioning. Optical transparency is achieved by equilibrating tissues with high refractive index (RI) solutions. When the microscope objective is not perfectly matched to the RI of the cleared sample, aberrations are introduced. We present two simple-to-calculate numerical criteria predicting: (i) the degradation in image quality (brightness and resolution) from optimal conditions of any clearing solution/objective combination; (ii) which objective, among several available, achieves the highest resolution in a given medium. We deriv…

0301 basic medicineBrightnessMicroscopeDeconvolution; Fluorescence; Microscopy; Neuron; Serial optical sectioning; Spherical aberration; Tissue clearingComputer scienceImage qualitySample (material)DeconvolutionFluorescencelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)lawSerial optical sectioningMicroscopyFluorescence microscopeMicroscopistSpherical aberrationColoring AgentsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaNeuronsMicroscopyTissue clearingGeneral NeuroscienceMicroscopy Tissue clearing Fluorescence Neuron Spherical aberration Serial optical sectioning DeconvolutionNeuronFluorescenceRefractometrySpherical aberration030104 developmental biologyMicroscopy FluorescenceDeconvolutionAlgorithm030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTissue clearing
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Sustained oscillations in the MAP kinase cascade.

2016

Abstract The MAP kinase cascade is a network of enzymatic reactions arranged in layers. In each layer occurs a multiple futile cycle of phosphorylations. The fully phosphorylated substrate then serves as an enzyme for the layer below. This paper focuses on the existence of parameters for which Hopf bifurcations occur and generate periodic orbits. Furthermore it is explained how geometric singular perturbation theory allows to generalize results from simple models to more complex ones.

0301 basic medicineStatistics and ProbabilitySingular perturbationDynamical systems theoryMolecular Networks (q-bio.MN)Dynamical Systems (math.DS)MAP kinase cascadeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyQuantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeSimple (abstract algebra)Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsQuantitative Biology - Molecular NetworksSustained oscillationsMathematics - Dynamical SystemsHopf bifurcationPhysics030102 biochemistry & molecular biologyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyFutile cycleApplied MathematicsQuantitative Biology::Molecular NetworksGeneral Medicine030104 developmental biologyClassical mechanicsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsModeling and SimulationFOS: Biological sciencessymbolsPeriodic orbitsGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesMathematical biosciences
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Stability of stationary solutions in models of the Calvin cycle

2017

Abstract In this paper results are obtained concerning the number of positive stationary solutions in simple models of the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis and the stability of these solutions. It is proved that there are open sets of parameters in the model of Zhu et al. (2009) for which there exist two positive stationary solutions. There are never more than two isolated positive stationary solutions but under certain explicit special conditions on the parameters there is a whole continuum of positive stationary solutions. It is also shown that in the set of parameter values for which two isolated positive stationary solutions exist there is an open subset where one of the solutions is asym…

0301 basic medicineWork (thermodynamics)Applied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsGeneral EngineeringOpen setGeneral MedicineMathematical proof01 natural sciencesStability (probability)03 medical and health sciencesComputational Mathematics030104 developmental biologySimple (abstract algebra)Stability theoryApplied mathematicsContinuum (set theory)0101 mathematicsGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceAnalysisBifurcationMathematicsNonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications
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Discovering unbounded unions of regular pattern languages from positive examples

1996

The problem of learning unions of certain pattern languages from positive examples is considered. We restrict to the regular patterns, i.e., patterns where each variable symbol can appear only once, and to the substring patterns, which is a subclass of regular patterns of the type xαy, where x and y are variables and α is a string of constant symbols. We present an algorithm that, given a set of strings, finds a good collection of patterns covering this set. The notion of a ‘good covering’ is defined as the most probable collection of patterns likely to be present in the examples, assuming a simple probabilistic model, or equivalently using the Minimum Description Length (MDL) principle. Ou…

0303 health sciencesComputer scienceString (computer science)0102 computer and information sciences01 natural sciencesSubstringCombinatoricsSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciencesVariable (computer science)Cover (topology)010201 computation theory & mathematicsSimple (abstract algebra)Minimum description length030304 developmental biology
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Multi-class Text Complexity Evaluation via Deep Neural Networks

2019

Automatic Text Complexity Evaluation (ATE) is a natural language processing task which aims to assess texts difficulty taking into account many facets related to complexity. A large number of papers tackle the problem of ATE by means of machine learning algorithms in order to classify texts into complex or simple classes. In this paper, we try to go beyond the methodologies presented so far by introducing a preliminary system based on a deep neural network model whose objective is to classify sentences into more of two classes. Experiments have been carried out on a manually annotated corpus which has been preprocessed in order to make it suitable for the scope of the paper. The results sho…

050101 languages & linguisticsSettore INF/01 - InformaticaArtificial neural networkText simplificationbusiness.industryComputer science05 social sciencesText simplification02 engineering and technologyDeep neural networkMachine learningcomputer.software_genreClass (biology)Task (project management)Simple (abstract algebra)Automatic Text Complexity Evaluation0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringDeep neural networks020201 artificial intelligence & image processing0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesArtificial intelligencebusinesscomputerScope (computer science)
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Computing the Original eBWT Faster, Simpler, and with Less Memory

2021

Mantaci et al. [TCS 2007] defined the \(\mathrm {eBWT}\) to extend the definition of the \(\mathrm {BWT}\) to a collection of strings. However, since this introduction, it has been used more generally to describe any \(\mathrm {BWT}\) of a collection of strings, and the fundamental property of the original definition (i.e., the independence from the input order) is frequently disregarded. In this paper, we propose a simple linear-time algorithm for the construction of the original \(\mathrm {eBWT}\), which does not require the preprocessing of Bannai et al. [CPM 2021]. As a byproduct, we obtain the first linear-time algorithm for computing the \(\mathrm {BWT}\) of a single string that uses …

2019-20 coronavirus outbreakSpeedupString collectionsBig BWTSettore INF/01 - InformaticaSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)String (computer science)Suffix arrayOrder (ring theory)omega-orderQuantitative Biology::GenomicsBurrows-Wheeler-TransformBurrows-Wheeler-Transform String collections SAIS Big BWT prefix-free parsing extended BWTlaw.inventionCombinatoricsprefix-free parsingSimple (abstract algebra)lawSAISSAIS algorithmIndependence (probability theory)extended BWTMathematics
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Probabilistic liver atlas construction

2017

Background Anatomical atlases are 3D volumes or shapes representing an organ or structure of the human body. They contain either the prototypical shape of the object of interest together with other shapes representing its statistical variations (statistical atlas) or a probability map of belonging to the object (probabilistic atlas). Probabilistic atlases are mostly built with simple estimations only involving the data at each spatial location. Results A new method for probabilistic atlas construction that uses a generalized linear model is proposed. This method aims to improve the estimation of the probability to be covered by the liver. Furthermore, all methods to build an atlas involve p…

AdultMaleAdolescentPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsComputer scienceStatistics as TopicBiomedical EngineeringGeneralized linear modelcomputer.software_genre030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingBiomaterials03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)Coregistration methodImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingProbabilistic atlasAgedProbabilityAged 80 and overRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryAtlas (topology)ResearchProbabilistic logicPattern recognitionGeneral MedicineProbabilistic atlasMiddle AgedObject (computer science)Magnetic Resonance ImagingAnatomical atlasAtlas variabilityLiver030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAnatomical atlasFemaleArtificial intelligenceData miningbusinesscomputerAlgorithmsBioMedical Engineering OnLine
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From algorithmic computing to direct retrieval: Evidence from number and alphabetic arithmetic in children and adults

1998

A number of theories of mental arithmetic suggest that the ability to solve simple addition and subtraction problems develops from an algorithmic strategy toward a strategy based on the direct retrieval of the result from memory. In the experiment presented here, 2nd and 12th graders were asked to solve two tasks of number and alphabet arithmetic. The subjects transformed series of 1 to 4 numbers or letters (item span) by adding or subtracting an operand varying from 1 to 4 (operation span). Although both the item and operation span were associated with major and identical effects in the case of both numbers and letters at 2nd grade, such effects were clearly observable only in the case of …

AdultMaleSymbolismAdolescentSpan (category theory)Concept FormationExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyOperandChild DevelopmentArts and Humanities (miscellaneous)Simple (abstract algebra)Cognitive developmentHumansArithmeticChildProblem SolvingSeries (mathematics)MemoriaSubtractionRetention PsychologyCognitionNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyMental RecallFemalePsychologyAlgorithmsMathematicsMemory & Cognition
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A SIMPLE CULTIVATION CHAMBER FOR THE STUDY OF AERIAL REPRODUCTIVE ELEMENTS OF FUNGI

1970

Agriculturebusiness.industrySimple (abstract algebra)BotanyAgricultural engineeringbusinessApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyMicrobiologyMathematicsThe Journal of General and Applied Microbiology
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Finite-element design sensitivity analysis for non-linear potential problems

1990

Design sensitivity analysis is performed for the finite-element system arising from the discretization of non-linear potential problems using isoparametric Lagrangian elements. The calculated sensitivity formulae are given in a simple matrix form. Applications to the design of electromagnets and airfoils are given.

AirfoilDiscretizationElectromagnetComputer programGeneral EngineeringFinite element methodlaw.inventionNonlinear systemlawSimple (abstract algebra)Applied mathematicsSensitivity (control systems)AlgorithmMathematicsCommunications in Applied Numerical Methods
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