Search results for "Abstract"

showing 10 items of 1959 documents

The transition state and cognate concepts

2019

Abstract This review aims firstly to clarify the meanings of key terms and concepts associated with the idea of the transition state, as developed by theoreticians and applied by experimentalist, and secondly to provide an update to the meaning and significance of the transition state in an era when computational simulation, in which complexity is being increasingly incorporated, is commonly employed as a means by which to bridge the realms of theory and experiment. The relationship between the transition state and the potential-energy surface for an elementary reaction is explored, with discussion of the following terms: saddle point, minimum-energy reaction path, reaction coordinate, acti…

/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600/1606Structure (mathematical logic)Potential-energy surface/dk/atira/pure/subjectarea/asjc/1600/1605Computer scienceActivated complexOrganic ChemistryReaction coordinateTransition stateDividing surfaceEquicommittorState (functional analysis)Reaction coordinateFree-energy surfaceSimple (abstract algebra)Saddle pointElementary reactionPotential energy surfaceComputational simulationStatistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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Statistics-preserving bijections between classical and cyclic permutations

2012

Recently, Elizalde (2011) [2] has presented a bijection between the set C"n"+"1 of cyclic permutations on {1,2,...,n+1} and the set of permutations on {1,2,...,n} that preserves the descent set of the first n entries and the set of weak excedances. In this paper, we construct a bijection from C"n"+"1 to S"n that preserves the weak excedance set and that transfers quasi-fixed points into fixed points and left-to-right maxima into themselves. This induces a bijection from the set D"n of derangements to the set C"n"+"1^q of cycles without quasi-fixed points that preserves the weak excedance set. Moreover, we exhibit a kind of discrete continuity between C"n"+"1 and S"n that preserves at each s…

0102 computer and information sciencesFixed point[ MATH.MATH-CO ] Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]01 natural sciencesCombinatorial problemsTheoretical Computer ScienceCyclic permutationSet (abstract data type)CombinatoricsBijections[MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]0101 mathematicsComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMathematicsDescent (mathematics)Discrete mathematicsStatistics on permutationsMathematics::Combinatorics010102 general mathematicsDescentComputer Science ApplicationsDerangement010201 computation theory & mathematicsExcedenceSignal ProcessingBijectionBijection injection and surjectionMaximaInformation Systems
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Dynamic Consensus: Increasing Blockchain Adaptability to Enterprise Applications

2020

Decentralization powered by blockchain is validated for its capability to build trust like no other computational system before. The evolution of blockchain models has opened new use-cases that are becoming operational in many industry fields such as: energy, healthcare, banking, cross-border trade, aerospace, supply chain, and others. The core component of a decentralized architecture is the consensus algorithm - the set of rules that ensures an automated and fair agreement between the actors in the same network. Classic consensus algorithms are tailored to solve specific problems, but in an open ecosystem, each business case is unique and needs a certain level of customization. This paper…

010302 applied physicsComputer sciencebusiness.industrymedia_common.quotation_subjectSupply chainDistributed computing02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesDecentralised systemAdaptabilityPersonalizationSet (abstract data type)0103 physical sciencesBusiness caseArchitecture0210 nano-technologyAerospacebusinessmedia_common
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Enabling partially reconfigurable IP cores parameterisation and integration using MARTE and IP-XACT

2012

International audience; This paper presents a framework which facilitates the parameterization and integration of IP cores into partially reconfigurable SoC platforms, departing from a high-level of abstraction. The approach is based in a Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) methodology, which exploits two widely used standards for Systems-on-Chip specification, MARTE and IP-XACT. The presented work deals with the deployment level of the MDE approach, in which the abstract components of the platform are first linked to the lower level IP-XACT counterparts. At this phase, information for parameterization and integration is readily available, and a synthesizable model can be obtained from the gener…

010302 applied physicsEngineeringExploitbusiness.industryEmphasis (telecommunications)02 engineering and technology01 natural sciences020202 computer hardware & architecture[INFO.INFO-ES] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded SystemsSoftware deploymentEmbedded systemIP-XACT0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringSystem on a chip[INFO.INFO-ES]Computer Science [cs]/Embedded Systems[ INFO.INFO-ES ] Computer Science [cs]/Embedded SystemsbusinessField-programmable gate arrayAbstraction (linguistics)
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Peculiarities of the diffusion-controlled radiation defect accumulation kinetics under high fluencies

2020

We are grateful to A. Lushchik and E. Shablonin for numerous and valuable discussions. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under grant agreement No 633053. The views and opinions expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. The raw/processed data required to reproduce these findings cannot be shared at this time as the data also forms part of an ongoing study.

010302 applied physicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsMaterials scienceDiffusionKineticsThermodynamicsFluence effects02 engineering and technologyRadiation021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAbstract theoryRadiation defects01 natural sciencesFluenceAccumulation kineticsDiffusionChemical kinetics0103 physical sciences:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]0210 nano-technologySaturation (chemistry)InstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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An Analytic Approach to the Modeling of Multijunction Solar Cells

2020

Analytic expressions for the $JV$ -characteristics of three types of multijunction configurations are derived. From these, expressions for the short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and voltage at the maximum power point are found for multiterminal devices, and for series-connected tandem stacks. For voltage-matched devices, expressions for the optimal ratio of the number of bottom cells to the number of top cells are established. Luminescent coupling is incorporated throughout the article. It should be highlighted that the maximum power point of a series-connected tandem stack is described, with good accuracy for all interesting band gap combinations, by a single analytic expression.…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsCouplingMaximum power principleTandem02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsTopology01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsStack (abstract data type)0103 physical sciencesLimit (music)Radiative transferEnergy transformationElectrical and Electronic Engineering0210 nano-technologyVoltageIEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
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Simulation of IQE tuning of individual cells for DC-balancing multijunction tandem cells

2016

In the present work, the performance of stacks of cells connected in series is examined at different levels of internal quantum efficiency (IQE). Incident photons, generated by employing the ASTM G173-03 data set, are accounted for individually as they interact with the stack of cells. The efficiencies of the devices studied are dependent upon the DC balance throughout the stack of cells. It is demonstrated that reducing the internal quantum efficiency of upper cells can lead to a better DC balance and thereby higher efficiency.

010302 applied physicsWork (thermodynamics)Materials sciencePhotonTandembusiness.industryMonte Carlo methodElectrical engineering02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesStack (abstract data type)0103 physical sciencesOptoelectronicsQuantum efficiencyPhotonics0210 nano-technologybusinessPhotonic crystal2016 IEEE 43rd Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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On the ‘expanded local mode’ approach applied to the methane molecule: isotopic substitution CH2D2←CH4

2011

On the basis of a compilation of the ‘expanded local mode’ model and the general isotopic substitution theory, sets of simple analytical relations between different spectroscopic parameters (harmonic frequencies, ωλ, anharmonic coefficients, x λμ, ro-vibrational coefficients, , different kinds of Fermi- and Coriolis-type interaction parameters) of the CH2D2 molecule are derived. All of them are expressed as simple functions of a few initial spectroscopic parameters of the mother, CH4, molecule. Test calculations with the derived isotopic relations show that, in spite of a total absence of initial information about the CH2D2 species, the numerical results of the calculations have a very good…

010304 chemical physicsBasis (linear algebra)ChemistrySubstitution (logic)AnharmonicityBiophysicsThermodynamics010402 general chemistryCondensed Matter Physics01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesComputational chemistryAb initio quantum chemistry methodsSimple (abstract algebra)Simple function0103 physical sciencesMoleculePhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologyFermi Gamma-ray Space TelescopeMolecular Physics
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Introducing Memory in Coarse-Grained Molecular Simulations

2021

[Image: see text] Preserving the correct dynamics at the coarse-grained (CG) level is a pressing problem in the development of systematic CG models in soft matter simulation. Starting from the seminal idea of simple time-scale mapping, there have been many efforts over the years toward establishing a meticulous connection between the CG and fine-grained (FG) dynamics based on fundamental statistical mechanics approaches. One of the most successful attempts in this context has been the development of CG models based on the Mori–Zwanzig (MZ) theory, where the resulting equation of motion has the form of a generalized Langevin equation (GLE) and closely preserves the underlying FG dynamics. In…

010304 chemical physicsComputer scienceMarkov processEquations of motionContext (language use)Statistical mechanics010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesField (computer science)0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and Filmssymbols.namesakeSimple (abstract algebra)0103 physical sciencesMaterials ChemistrysymbolsStatistical physicsLimit (mathematics)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryFocus (optics)
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Smoothed Spherical Truncation based on Fuzzy Membership Functions: Application to the Molecular Encoding.

2019

A novel spherical truncation method, based on fuzzy membership functions, is introduced to truncate interatomic (or interaminoacid) relations according to smoothing values computed from fuzzy membership degrees. In this method, the molecules are circumscribed into a sphere, so that the geometric centers of the molecules are the centers of the spheres. The fuzzy membership degree of each atom (or aminoacid) is computed from its distance with respect to the geometric center of the molecule, by using a fuzzy membership function. So, the smoothing value to be applied in the truncation of a relation (or interaction) is computed by averaging the fuzzy membership degrees of the atoms (or aminoacid…

010304 chemical physicsRelation (database)TruncationGeneral Chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesFuzzy logic0104 chemical sciencesSet (abstract data type)Computational MathematicsEncoding (memory)Molecular descriptor0103 physical sciencesPrincipal component analysisAlgorithmSmoothingMathematicsJournal of computational chemistry
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