Search results for "Abuse"

Cannabis Use and the Risk for Psychosis and Affective Disorders.

2019

Objective: This review discusses the relationship between cannabis use and psychotic, bipolar, depressive, and anxiety disorders, as well as suicide. It summarizes epidemiological evidence from cross-sectional and long-term prospective studies and considers possible etiological mechanisms. Methods: Systematic reviews and methodologically robust studies in the field (from inception to February 2019) were identified using a comprehensive search of Medline, PsychINFO, and Embase and summarized using a narrative synthesis. Results: Consistent evidence, both from observational and experimental studies, has confirmed the important role of cannabis use in the initiation and persistence of psychoti…

Internet abuse by university students: a neglected theme in Africa

2013

The purpose of this paper is to investigate potential Internet abuse by university students, an area lacking research focus in Africa. A case study was conducted at the University of The Gambia (UTG) in 2012. A total of 200 questionnaires were randomly administered to UTG students and 181 valid responses were available for analyses. The result indicates that about 18% of UTG students use the Internet for unspecified activities, demonstrating attributes that could reveal potential Internet abuse. Considering the negative implications of this phenomenon, African researchers cannot afford to neglect this theme. peerReviewed

Intimate partner violence against women and victim-blaming attitudes among Europeans.

2014

In summary: Academics and policy-makers face many challenges in their efforts to reduce intimate partner violence against women. Investing in public education and awareness initiatives is critically important, as is ensuring that these initiatives are well informed, appropriately targeted and properly designed. Finally, constant monitoring will be needed to assess the effectiveness of efforts to change public attitudes that further victimize the women who are victims of intimate partner violence. Language: en

EDUCAP Guide. Guide for prevention, detection, action and support for Infant and Primary Education Schools in cases of sexual abuse against children

2023

Esta Guía es uno de los productos del proyecto europeo Multiplying Educational Capacities to Combat Sexual Violence Against Children (conocido por su acrónimo EDUCAP), concedido en el 2021 y en el que participan como socios la Universidad de Valencia, la Universidad de Barcelona, la organización Save the Children y la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, con el apoyo de diversas entidades públicas de la Generalidad Valenciana, particularmente con el apoyo de la Dirección General de Inclusión Educativa de la Consejería de Educación, Cultura y Deporte y de la Oficina de Víctimas del Delito de la Consejería de Justicia, Interior y Administración Pública. El objetivo de esta Guía es proporcionar a…

Physical Education Teachers’ Perceived Sexual and Physical Violence and Work-related Stress

2020

This study investigated the relationships between sexual (verbal and non-verbal sexual harassment) and physical violence against physical education (PE) teachers and work-related stress. Participants were 175 (females 122, males 53) Finnish PE teachers aged between 27 and 62 years. The findings showed that 1) higher perceived physical violence was positively associated with higher perceived non-verbal sexual harassment and work-related stress; 2) teachers with a sport science degree perceived higher work-related stress mediated by physical violence than other teachers; 3) longer-serving PE teachers reported lower verbal sexual harassment than teachers with less teaching experience; and 4) f…

Interaction between cannabis consumption and childhood abuse in psychotic disorders: preliminary findings on the role of different patterns of cannab…

2015

Aim Several studies have suggested that lifetime cannabis consumption and childhood abuse synergistically contribute to the risk for psychotic disorders. This study aimed to extend existing findings regarding an additive interaction between childhood abuse and lifetime cannabis use by investigating the moderating role of type and frequency of cannabis use. Methods Up to 231 individuals presenting for the first time to mental health services with psychotic disorders and 214 unaffected population controls from South London, United Kingdom, were recruited as part of the Genetics and Psychosis study. Information about history of cannabis use was collected using the Cannabis Experiences Question…

2018

Summary Background Efforts to establish the 2015 baseline and monitor early implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) highlight both great potential for and threats to improving health by 2030. To fully deliver on the SDG aim of "leaving no one behind", it is increasingly important to examine the health-related SDGs beyond national-level estimates. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2017 (GBD 2017), we measured progress on 41 of 52 health-related SDG indicators and estimated the health-related SDG index for 195 countries and territories for the period 1990–2017, projected indicators to 2030, and analysed global attainment. Methods …

Detection ofEPOgene doping in blood

2012

Gene doping--or the abuse of gene therapy--will continue to threaten the sports world. History has shown that progress in medical research is likely to be abused in order to enhance human performance. In this review, we critically discuss the progress and the risks associated with the field of erythropoietin (EPO) gene therapy and its applicability to EPO gene doping. We present typical vector systems that are employed in ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy trials. Due to associated risks, gene doping is not a feasible alternative to conventional EPO or blood doping at this time. Nevertheless, it is well described that about half of the elite athlete population is in principle willing to risk …

2015

Low prevalence of substance-use disorder has been reported in adults with autism. However, on a superficial level, adults with high-functioning autism (HFA) display a ‘normal’ facade when they drink alcohol, which may explain why their alcohol dependency is not better diagnosed. Here, we report two cases of HFA adults who use alcohol and psychostimulants to cope with their anxiety and improve their cognitive abilities and social skills. We analyze how neurocognitive traits associated with HFA may be potential triggers for substance-use disorder. Better identification of autism and its cognitive impairments, which may be vulnerability traits for developing substance-use disorders, could help…

Non-abusing mothers’ agency after disclosure of the child’s extra-familial sexual abuse

2020

This qualitative study analysed the agency of eight non-abusing mothers in the Turkish Cypriot Community after disclosure that their child had been sexually abused by someone outside the family. The aim was to discover how, after disclosure, such mothers act to protect their children in the contexts of their family and community. The data were gathered via semi-structured in-depth interviews and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). In the nuclear family context, maternal agency emerged in the form of motherhood skills, including emotionally supporting the abused child, double-checking the child’s safety or limiting the child’s mobility, and controlling the actions…