Search results for "Abuse"

Preserved Crossmodal Integration of Emotional Signals in Binge Drinking

2017

Binge drinking is an alcohol consumption pattern with various psychological and cognitive consequences. As binge drinking showed qualitatively comparable cognitive impairments to those reported in alcohol-dependence, a continuum hypothesis suggests that this habit would be a first step toward alcohol-related disorders. Besides these cognitive impairments, alcohol-dependence is also characterized by large-scale deficits in emotional processing, particularly in crossmodal contexts, and these abilities have scarcely been explored in binge drinking. Emotional decoding, most often based on multiple modalities (e.g., facial expression, prosody or gesture), yet represents a crucial ability for eff…

Inequalities and the Impact of Job Insecurity on Health Indicators in the Spanish Workforce

2020

In a context of high job insecurity resulting from social deregulation policies, this research aims to study health and substance abuse inequalities in the workplace from a gender perspective. To this end, a transversal study was carried out based on microdata from the National Health Survey in Spain&mdash

Resultados preliminares de la eficacia del programa saludiversex de educación afectivo-sexual para adultos con diversidad funcional intelectual

2021

Para promover un desarrollo sexual saludable es necesario garantizar el acceso de las personas con discapacidad intelectual (PDI) a la formación en relación con sexualidad y las relaciones interpersonales. En este sentido, se precisan programas de educación afectivo sexual para PDI que presenten evidencias empíricas sólidas acerca de su validez. Con este objetivo, el presente estudio ofrece los datos preliminares sobre la eficacia de cuatro de las sesiones del Programa de Educación Afectivo-Sexual SALUDIVERSEX: (1) Higiene íntima, (2) Abuso sexual, (3) Orientación sexual e (4) Intimidad. El programa fue aplicado a 43 usuarios de cuatro centros ocupacionales de la Comunitat Valenciana. La im…

Neurological and Psychological Risk Factors among Young Homicidal, Violent, and Nonviolent Offenders in Finland

1997

This study compares groups of homicidal offenders, violent offenders, and nonviolent offenders across a set of risk factors that included neurological disorders, early behavior problems, and abuse experiences. It was predicted that the homicidal group would present more of these risk factors than the other two groups. Also, it was predicted that the homicidal participants would show more evidence of an accumulation of these problems. The results revealed that the onset of alcohol abuse, prevalence of drug dependence, extent of physical abuse, and cruelty to animals differentiated the homicidal offenders from one or both of the other offender groups. Additionally, a combination of different…

Addressing Dual Diagnosis Patients Suffering from Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorders and Comorbid Substance Use Disorders

2013

Objective: To provide an updated, thorough, and critical review of the current status of the pharmacological and psychosocial treatments of patients with attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and a comorbid substance use disorder (SUD).

Study protocol: the Norwegian Triple-S Cohort Study - establishing a longitudinal health survey of children and adolescents with experiences of maltr…

2021

Abstract Background Child maltreatment is prevalent and associated with both short- and long-term health problems. Previous studies have established child maltreatment as a risk factor for a wide range of problems over the life course such as mental- and somatic health problems, self-harm, alcohol- and drug abuse and decreased work-life participation. Still, there are few large and well-conducted longitudinal studies focusing on describing prevalence and identifying risk factors and long-term consequences of child maltreatment. The purpose of the current study is to recruit a large number of children and adolescents exposed to maltreatment and follow them long-term. Methods/design The curre…

Reduction of Gender Identity Stigma and Improvements in Mental Health Among Transgender Women Initiating HIV Treatment in a Trans-Sensitive Clinic in…

2021

Purpose: Stigma toward transgender women (TGW) increases psychosocial vulnerability, leading to poor mental health and affecting access and retention in HIV care. Trans-sensitive health care (TSHC) has the potential to mitigate this adverse impact. This study aimed to describe baseline characteristics in gender identity stigma (GIS), mental health, and substance use among TGW living with HIV initiating antiretroviral treatment and to analyze changes after 6 months in HIV care in a TSHC clinic in Argentina. Methods: Sixty-one TGW living with HIV responded to the following questionnaires at baseline and after 6 months in TSHC: sociodemographic, experiences of GIS (in health care, police, etc.…

Commentary on Livingston et al. (2018): Change in gender ratios, what do they signify?

2018

Neurobiological and Clinical Variables Associated with Alcohol Abuse in Bulimia Nervosa

2015

The study was aimed at analysing the reciprocal relationships of several clinical and neurobiological items in order to predict alcohol misuse in patients with bulimia nervosa (BN). Seventy BN patients and 70 healthy controls were assessed for depression, impulsivity, borderline personality traits and self-defeating behaviours using specific scales; serum cortisol and 24-hour urinary excretion of serotonin and 5-hydroxiindolacetic acid were also assessed. The study confirmed the implications of these clinical factors for alcohol misuse in BN patients, but the results suggested that depressive symptoms and hypercortisolism could lie behind these relationships.

Different profiles of mental and physical health and stress hormone response in women victims of intimate partner violence

2014

Abstract Objectives To analyse the individual differences in the impact that intimate male partner violence (IPV) has on a woman's depressive and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology, and to determine the association of the different profiles of mental dysfunction with cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) basal saliva levels as well as physical health symptoms. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out in which IPV victims (n=73) and control non-abused (n=31) women participated. Information was obtained through structured interviews and saliva samples were collected for hormonal assays under baseline conditions. Results There were three profiles of mental symptoms…