Search results for "Acellular"
showing 10 items of 1986 documents
Molecular Mediators of RNA Loading into Extracellular Vesicles
2021
In the last decade, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that non-coding RNA (ncRNAs) cooperate in the gene regulatory networks with other biomolecules, including coding RNAs, DNAs and proteins. Among them, microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in transcriptional and translation regulation at different levels. Intriguingly, ncRNAs can be packed in vesicles, released in the extracellular space, and finally internalized by receiving cells, thus affecting gene expression also at distance. This review focuses on the mechanisms through which the ncRNAs can be selectively packaged into extracellular vesicles (EVs).
Development of extracellular vesicle-based medicinal products: A position paper of the group “Extracellular Vesicle translatiOn to clinicaL perspecti…
2021
International audience; Extracellular vesicles (EV) are emergent therapeutic effectors that have reached clinical trial investigation. To translate EV-based therapeutic to clinic, the challenge is to demonstrate quality, safety, and efficacy, as required for any medicinal product. EV research translation into medicinal products is an exciting and challenging perspective. Recent papers, provide important guidance on regulatory aspects of pharmaceutical development, defining EVs for therapeutic applications and critical considerations for the development of potency tests. In addition, the ISEV Task Force on Regulatory Affairs and Clinical Use of EV-based Therapeutics as well as the Exosomes C…
Covalent and non-covalent coupling of a Au102 nanocluster with a fluorophore: energy transfer, quenching and intracellular pH sensing
2021
Interactions between an atomically precise gold nanocluster Au102(p-MBA)44 (p-MBA = para mercaptobenzoic acid) and a fluorescent organic dye molecule (KU, azadioxatriangulenium) are studied. In solution, the constituents form spontaneously a weakly bound complex leading to quenching of fluorescence of the KU dye via energy transfer. The KU can be separated from the complex by lowering pH, leading to recovery of fluorescence, which forms a basis for an optical reversible pH sensor. However, the sensor is not a stable entity, which could be delivered inside cells. For this purpose, a covalently bound hybrid is synthesized by linking the KU dye to the ligand layer of the cluster via an ester b…
Protein kinase inhibitor β enhances the constitutive activity of G-protein-coupled zinc receptor GPR39.
2014
GPR39 is a G-protein-coupled zinc receptor that protects against diverse effectors of cell death. Its protective activity is mediated via constitutive activation of Gα13 and the RhoA pathway, leading to increased SRE (serum-response element)-dependent transcription; the zinc-dependent immediate activation of GPR39 involves Gq-mediated increases in cytosolic Ca2+ and Gs coupling leading to increased cAMP levels. We used the cytosolic and soluble C-terminus of GPR39 in a Y2H (yeast-2-hybrid) screen for interacting proteins, thus identifying PKIB (protein kinase A inhibitor β). Co-expression of GPR39 with PKIB increased the protective activity of GPR39 via the constitutive, but not the ligand-…
Two distinct extracellular RNA signatures released by a single cell type identified by microarray and next-generation sequencing
2016
ABSTRACT Cells secrete extracellular RNA (exRNA) to their surrounding environment and exRNA has been found in many body fluids such as blood, breast milk and cerebrospinal fluid. However, there are conflicting results regarding the nature of exRNA. Here, we have separated 2 distinct exRNA profiles released by mast cells, here termed high-density (HD) and low-density (LD) exRNA. The exRNA in both fractions was characterized by microarray and next-generation sequencing. Both exRNA fractions contained mRNA and miRNA, and the mRNAs in the LD exRNA correlated closely with the cellular mRNA, whereas the HD mRNA did not. Furthermore, the HD exRNA was enriched in lincRNA, antisense RNA, vault RNA, …
α1-Adrenoceptors in the rat cerebral cortex: New insights into the characterization of α1L- and α1D-adrenoceptors
2010
36 p., figuras y tablas, bibliografía
Reelin and CXCL12 regulate distinct migratory behaviors during the development of the dopaminergic system.
2014
The proper functioning of the dopaminergic system requires the coordinated formation of projections extending from dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), ventral tegmental area (VTA) and retrorubral field to a wide array of forebrain targets including the striatum, nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex. The mechanisms controlling the assembly of these distinct dopaminergic cell clusters are not well understood. Here, we have investigated in detail the migratory behavior of dopaminergic neurons giving rise to either the SN or the medial VTA using genetic inducible fate mapping, ultramicroscopy, time-lapse imaging, slice culture and analysis of mouse mutants. We demonstrate that…
Adhesion of 8701-BC breast cancer cells to type V collagen and 67 kDa receptor
1992
Ductal infiltration carcinomas (d.i.c.) of the breast are potentially highly metastatic tumours, associated with drastic alterations of the architecture and molecular composition of the extracellular matrix at the tumour-host interface. 8701-BC, a recently characterized cell line, isolated from primary d.i.c., was used to study different aspects of tumor cell-substratum interactions. Since type V collagen deposition is augmented in d.i.c. we have examined the ability of 8701-BC cells to interact with this collagen species. We have found that cell binding to type V collagen was mediated by protein homologous to the 67 kDa laminin receptor (67-R). This conclusion is substantiated by the follo…
Antagonistic feedback loops involving Rau and Sprouty in the Drosophila eye control neuronal and glial differentiation.
2013
During development, differentiation is often initiated by the activation of different receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which results in the tightly regulated activation of cytoplasmic signaling cascades. In the differentiation of neurons and glia in the developing Drosophila eye, we found that the proper intensity of RTK signaling downstream of fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) or epidermal growth factor receptor required two mutually antagonistic feedback loops. We identified a positive feedback loop mediated by the Ras association (RA) domain-containing protein Rau that sustained Ras activity and counteracted the negative feedback loop mediated by Sprouty. Rau has two RA domains t…
Suppressor of fused links Fused and Cubitus interruptus on the Hedgehog signalling pathway
1998
0960-9822 doi: DOI: 10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70227-1; The Hedgehog (Hh) family of signalling proteins [1] mediate inductive interactions either directly or by controlling the transcription of other secreted proteins through the action of Gli transcription factors, such as Cubitus interruptus (Ci) [2]. In Drosophila, the transcription of Hh targets requires the activation of the protein kinase Fused (Fu) and the inactivation of both Suppressor of fused (Su(fu)) and Costal-2 (Cos-2) [3]. Fu is required for Hh signalling in the embryo and in the wing imaginal disc and acts also as an antitumorigen in ovaries [4]. All fu– phenotypes are suppressed by the loss of function of Su(fu) [5]. Fu, Cos-2 a…