Search results for "Acellular"

Melanoma cells release extracellular vesicle which contain H1° linker histone as well as RNA-binding proteins which bind to the H1° mRNA

2015

We previously demonstrated that G26/24 oligodendroglioma cells release EVs that contain proteins, such as FasL and TRAIL, which induce apoptosis in rat cortical neurons [1] and astrocytes [2]. We also reported that cancer cells use EVs for transferring, into the environment [3], proteins such as extracellular matrix remodelling proteases [4], and H1°, a differentiation-specific histone [5]. In particular, by releasing H1°, cells could escape differentiation cues [5]. To verify the role of EVs in releasing specific proteins and mRNAs, in this study we used as a model A375 melanoma cells. METHODS EVs were purified from cell culture media as previously reported [1, 2]. T1 RNase-protection assa…

Cancer cells can affect behaviour of neighbouring cells by transferring molecules through extracellular vesicles

2017

Most cells release into the extracellular space membrane-bound structures of different sizes, origin and composition, collectively called extracellular vesicles (EVs) [1]. Tumor cells are much more active than normal cells in producing EVs. Because of this property, they are able to transfer both nucleic acids and proteins to the surrounding normal cells, thus inducing in these latter at least some transformed behavior. We previously showed that EVs produced by G26/24 oligodendroglioma cells can horizontally transfer to their neighbours radioactive proteins [2]. In addition, EVs released by these cells contain pro-apoptotic proteins, such as TRAIL and Fas-Ligand, able to induce apoptosis in…

Melanoma cells release extracellular vesicles which contain RNA-binding proteins able to bind the mRNA encoding histone H1°

2015

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are produced by most prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; tumour cells, however, release much higher amounts of EVs, which contain cancer-specific proteins and RNAs. Molecules carried by EVs are captured by surrounding cells, which then undergo profound phenotypic modifications. G26/24 oligodendroglioma cells release, for example, EVs containing FasL and TRAIL, which induce apoptosis in rat cortical neurons and astrocytes in culture. By metabolic labelling of cells, EV-mediated horizontal transfer of radioactive proteins was clearly demonstrated. Among the proteins present in EVs produced by oligodendroglioma cells, extracellular matrix remodelling proteases, and t…

RNA as a carrier of epigenetic information

2017

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells release into the extracellular matrix membrane-bound structures of different sizes, origin and composition, collectively called extracellular vesicles (EVs) [1]. Tumor cells, in particular, use EVs to transfer both nucleic acids and proteins to the surrounding normal cells, thus inducing in them transformed behaviours or killing them. G26/24 oligodendroglioma cells, for example, transfer by EVs pro-apoptotic proteins, such as TRAIL and Fas-Ligand [2], extracellular matrix remodelling proteases (such as ADAMTS) [3], and even the H1.0 histone protein [4]. Another tumour cell line, with a different tissue origin (A375 melanoma cells) releases into the medi…

Extracellular vesicles released from melanoma cells contain H1° mRNA-binding proteins, one of which is (probably) MYEF2.

2015

Release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a process conserved from prokaryotes to eucaryotes. Although EVs are produced from both normal and cancer cells, malignant cells release a much higher amount of EVs, which contain tumour-specific proteins and RNAs. We previously found that G26/24 oligodendroglioma cells shed EVs that contain the pro-apoptotic factors FasL and TRAIL and are able to inhibit neurite outgrowth, and induce apoptosis in about 75% of rat cortical neurons [1] and 40% of astrocytes [2] in culture. By labelling proteins synthesized in one cell type, we also demonstrated EV-mediated horizontal transfer of proteins among brain cells. Interestingly, G2624 release, via EVs, extr…

Il trasferimento di molecole tra cellule cerebrali è mediato anche da vescicole extracellulari

2013

Isolation and characterisation of tangerin-derived extracellular vesicles

2021

Perinatal and Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells in cartilage regenerative medicine and tissue engineering strategies

2011

Stem cells can be found in embryonic and extraembryonic tissues as well as in adult organs. In particular, research in the last few years has delineated the key features of perinatal stem cells derived from fetus-associated tissues. These cells show multiple differentiation potential, can be easily expanded ex vivo, and raise no ethical concerns as regards their use. Several reports indicate that cells isolated from Wharton's jelly (WJ), the main component of umbilical cord extracellular matrix, are multipotent stem cells that express markers shared by other mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and give rise to different mature cell types belonging to all three germ layers. Moreover, WJ-MSC display…

Umbilical cord revisited: From Wharton's jelly myofibroblasts to mesenchymal stem cells

2013

The umbilical cord (UC) is an essential part of the placenta, contributing to foetal development by ensuring the blood flow between mother and foetus. The UC is formed within the first weeks of gestation by the enclosure of the vessels (one vein and two arteries) into a bulk of mucous connective tissue, named Wharton's jelly (WJ) and lined by the umbilical epithelium. Since their first identification, cells populating WJ were described as unusual fibroblasts (or myofibroblasts). Recent literature data further highlighted the functional interconnection between UC and the resident cells. The UC represents a reservoir of progenitor populations which are collectively grouped into MSCs (mesenchy…

Analisi di biomarcatori urinari e tissutali coinvolti nei meccanismi pro- o anti-fibrotici in pazienti con stenosi del giunto pielo-ureterale unilate…

2016

Stenosi del giunto pielo-ureterale, biomarcatori urinari, fibrosi, funzione renale, matrice extracellulare.