Search results for "Acrylate"
showing 10 items of 554 documents
1974
1978
A newly designed automatically controlled stirred reactor suitable for kinetic measurements of reactions with half lives ≥2s has been applied to follow the anionic polymerization of methyl methacrylate in THF with Na+ as a counter ion in the presence of an excess of NaB(C6H5)4. As initiators were used: benzylsodium reacted with α-methylstyrene (I), fluorenylsodium (II), and 9-methylfluorenylsodium (III). With I the initiation is fast as compared with the polymerization reaction which is first order in monomer concentration. Within the range of −50°C to −100°C an almost unperturbed “living” polymerization is observed. The Arrhenius plot of the rate constants results in a straight line with a…
Kinetics of Group Transfer Polymerization
1987
The group transfer polymerization (GTP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and tert.-butyl methacrylate (TBMA), catalyzed by bifluoride, is of first order with respect to monomer and catalyst concentrations. A slightly negative order with respect to initiator concentration is observed, indicating an inhibitive function of the initiator. Termination reactions occur at lower catalyst concentrations. They are very pronounced for TBMA and result in incomplete conversions. For MMA, at lower catalyst and higher initiator concentrations, induction periods are observed which increase when lowering the temperature. This is related with the formation of active chains. The Arrhenius plots for the propagatio…
Die copolymerisation des acroleins mit einigen vinylmonomeren. Polymere acroleine. 9. Mitt.
1958
Die Copolymerisation des Acroleins in wasrigem Medium wird untersucht und die copolymerisationsparameter folgender Systeme bestimmt: Acrolein/Aacrylnitril (r1 = 1,09; r2 = 0,77); Acrolein/Acrylamid (r1 = 2,0; r2 = 0,76); Acrolein/Acrylsauremethylester (r1 = 0,2; r2 = 10,0) und Acrolein/Vinylacetat (r1 = 3,3; r2 = 0,1). Ferner werden die Qund e-Werte fur Acrolein berechet und sein Verhalten bei der Copolymerisation diskutiert. The copolymerisation of acrolein in aqueous medium has been investigated and the reactivity ratios of the following systems were determined: acrolein/acrylonitrile (r1 = 1.09; r2 = 0.77 ); acrolein/acrylamide (r1 = 2.0; r2 = 0.76); acrolein/methacrylate (r1 = 0.2; r2 =…
1993
A macromonomer was prepared from succinimido methacrylate and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PIPA) with an amino end group. The macronomer (MA-PIPA) obtained shows a temperature-responsive transition phenomenon from coil to globule in water at about 36°C. For the copolymer of MA-PIPA with acrylamide (ratio of monomer residues of N-isopropylacrylamide (IPA) and acrylamide (AAm) 10:3), the transition temperature of the PIPA chain was the same as that of the macromonomer, whereas the transition temperature of a linear copolymer of IPA and AAm (ratio of the monomer residues 10:3) was much higher than that of PIPA (52°C). Microspheres were prepared by emulsion polymerization of the macromonomer an…
1982
Hemiesters and hemiamides of maleic and succinic acid: synthesis and application of surfactants in emulsion polymerization with styrene and butyl acr…
1999
Hemiesters and hemiamides of maleic acid with different chain lengths of the hydrophobic alkyl group (R = C8H17, C10H21, C12H25, C16H33) have been synthesized and used as surfactants in the emulsion polymerization of styrene and butyl acrylate. The same polymerization experiments were also carried out using nonreactive surfactants with an analogous succinic structure. The chemical structure of the surfactants was confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance. The melting point and critical micelle concentration of the reactive surfactants described herein were measured. All of the surfactants studied provided good stability of styrene/butyl acrylate latexes, when compared with a reference late…
Methacrylate ester-based monolithic columns for nano-LC separation of tocopherols in vegetable oils
2010
The separation and determination of tocopherols (Ts) in vegetable oils by nano-LC chromatography with UV-vis detection using lauryl methacrylate ester-based monolithic columns has been developed. The separation of Ts was optimized in terms of mobile phase composition on the basis of the best compromise among efficiency, resolution and analysis time. Using a mobile phase composed of ACN/methanol/water, an excellent resolution between Ts was achieved within 18 min. The LODs were lower than 0.26 μg/mL, being repeatability values of retention time and peak area below 0.15 and 3.1%, respectively. The method was applied to the quantification of Ts and tocotrienols present in several vegetable oil…
Die thermische Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat, 1. Polymerisation in Substanz
1978
Special purification of the monomer and careful preparation of the reaction setup allowed a thorough study of the spontaneous thermal polymerization of methyl methacrylate over a wide range of temperatures (0–140°C). The rates of polymerization are notably lower than the few data previously reported in literature, and the degrees of polymerization slightly higher. The thermal initiation reaction is superimposed by radical production due to the natural ionising radiation (cosmic radiation etc.). This additional initiation becomes significant at temperatures below 60°C. New and more reliable monomer chain transfer constants are given.
Die thermische polymerisation von methylmethacrylat, 3. Verhalten des ungesättigten dimeren bei der polymerisation
1980
The thermal polymerization of methyl methacrylate is accompanied by the formation of appreciable amounts of an unsaturated dimer (H-1). The behaviour of H-1 during homopolymerization in presence of an initiator at 60, 80 and 100°C and during copolymerization with MMA in presence of an initiator at 60°C are investigated. The rate of (H-1)-homopolymerization is very low. The transfer constant to monomer H-1 is about CH-1 = 3·10−3 at 80°C as received from Pn-determinations. The termination is essentially by disproportionation. The copolymerization parameters as resulting from polymerizations with labeled MMA at 60°C are rMMA = 1,8 and rH-1 = 0,33, respectively.