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MORBILIDAD PSÍQUICA, EXISTENCIA DE DIAGNÓSTICO Y CONSUMO DE PSICOFÁRMACOS. DIFERENCIAS POR COMUNIDADES AUTÓNOMAS SEGÚN LA ENCUESTA NACIONAL DE SALUD …

2010

Background: Most of the studies on sychological distress in Spain have been conducted in small geographical areas or specific population groups. However, there are no studies that provide representative data for each Autonomous Community (AC). The objectives of this paper are to determine, both in Spain and in the AC, the prevalence of psychological distress, diagnosis, use of psychoactive medication, social support and self-perceived health, as well as to study the association between psychological distress and the rest of the variables. Methods: Cross-sectional study, using data from the 2006 National Health Survey, that was completed by 29,478 persons. Variables studied: sociodemographic…

Safety of Topical Non-steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs in Osteoarthritis: Outcomes of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019

Objective We aimed to assess the safety of topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the management of osteoarthritis (OA) in a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Methods A comprehensive literature search was undertaken in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Scopus electronic databases. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trials that assessed adverse events (AEs) with topical NSAIDs in patients with OA were eligible for inclusion. Authors and/or study sponsors were contacted to obtain the full report of AEs. The primary outcomes were overall severe and serious AEs, as w…

The use of same in chemotherapy-induced liver injury

2018

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) remains the most common cause of acute liver failure in the Western world. Chemotherapy is one of the major class of drugs most frequently associated with idiosyncratic DILI. For this reason, patients who receive chemotherapy require careful assessment of liver function prior to treatment to determine which drugs may not be appropriate and which drug doses should be modified. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is an endogenous agent derived from methionine. Its supplementation is effective in the treatment of liver disease, in particular intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC). The target of this review is to analyze the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity of the principal antican…

Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of infective endocarditis for dental procedures is not associated with fatal adverse drug reactions in Fran…

2018

Background One of the major reasons to stop antibiotic prophylaxis (AP) to prevent infective endocarditis (IE) in the United Kingdom but not in the rest of the world was that it would result in more deaths from fatal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) than the number of IE deaths. The main aim of this study was to quantify and describe the ADRs with amoxicillin or clindamycin for IE AP. The second aim was to infer a crude incidence of anaphylaxis associated with amoxicillin for IE AP. Material and Methods The Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities (MedDRA) was used to group ADRs for IE AP using the broad Standardized MedDRA Queries “Anaphylactic reaction, Amoxicillin, Clindamycin, Clostrid…

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND CLINICAL ASPECTS OF URINARY LITHIASIS

2007

Urine is a complex balanced solution containing dissociated and non-dissociated solutes. Any variation in urine saturation grade (number of crystals dissolved in a volume of urine), urinary pH and the concentration of crystallization inhibitors can break the normal existing balance and lead to urolithiasis. In the present article we analyze the principal mechanisms (absorptive, renal, resorptive) of hypercalciuria. It will be also shown how heredity directly influences the clinical aspects of cystine, xanthine and oxalate lithiasis and how diet, in association with metabolic disorders, interferes in uric acid and oxalate stone formation. Finally, we report on the roles of urinary tract malf…

Diagnosis, monitoring and management of immune-related adverse drug reactions of anti-PD-1 antibody therapy.

2015

PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors are associated with a specific spectrum of immune-related adverse events. This spectrum is different from toxicities known for kinase inhibitors or cytotoxic drugs. Since PD-1 directed therapies show effectivity in an increasing number of malignant diseases, their clinical usage will increase rapidly. Therefore clinicians from different specialities such as medical oncology, internal medicine, family doctors and emergency unit staff should be aware of the adverse effects of PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors to avoid delays in diagnosis and treatment. Based on pooled data from pivotal trials as reported by the European Medicines Agency, the present paper reviews incidence…

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity: An Analysis of Spontaneous Reports in Eudravigilance

2021

Introduction Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in the treatment of many cancers as they improve clinical outcomes. However, ICIs have also been associated with the development of immune-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Among immune-related ADRs, cardiac immune-related ADRs are rare, but also associated with high mortality rates. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of cardiac ADRs reported with ICIs in the European spontaneous reporting system. Methods We retrieved individual case safety reports on ICI-induced cardiac ADRs from the website of suspected ADR (www.adrreports.eu) of the European pharmacovigilance database (Eudravigilance).…

Air pollution exposure during pregnancy and reduced birth size: a prospective birth cohort study in Valencia, Spain

2010

Abstract Background Maternal exposure to air pollution has been related to fetal growth in a number of recent scientific studies. The objective of this study was to assess the association between exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and anthropometric measures at birth in a cohort in Valencia, Spain. Methods Seven hundred and eighty-five pregnant women and their singleton newborns participated in the study. Exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was estimated by means of land use regression. NO2 spatial estimations were adjusted to correspond to relevant pregnancy periods (whole pregnancy and trimesters) for each woman. Outcome variables were birth weight, length, and head circumf…

Influence of different CyA formulations and calcium channel blocker phenyhidine regimens on intracellular (erythrocyte) calcium levels after kidney t…

1997

Direct-acting antiviral-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus in HIV-infected patients

2015

The aim of this review was to detail the current therapies and treatments for chronic hepatitis C virus in coinfected patients, focusing on HCV antiviral agents currently used in practice today or scheduled to enter the open market soon. Several direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combinations show high sustained virologic response (SVR) rates in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients, which are often close to those observed in HCV-monoinfected patients. Most recommendations regarding treatment stem from trials with coinfected patients. However, data are lacking for some aspects of HCV-treatment in coinfection, so extrapolations must be made from data obtained predominately from monoinfected patients. HIV/H…