Search results for "Activity"
showing 10 items of 7178 documents
Physical activity of university students with disabilities: accomplishment of recommendations and differences by age, sex, disability and weight stat…
2018
Abstract Objectives This article aims to study physical activity and the achievement of World Health Organization physical activity recommendations in university students with disabilities, and to examine differences by sex, age, disability characteristics and weight status. Study design Cross-sectional data from a wider research project conducted at the Spanish universities from Autumn 2016 to Autumn 2017 were analysed. Methods The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form was administered to 1103 Spanish university students with different disabilities. Nonparametric tests were performed to examine the differences in physical activity based on the interest variables. Results…
Psychosocial and environmental correlates of active commuting for university students.
2009
Abstract Objective To examine psychosocial and environmental correlates of active commuting to university (ACU) and explore its association with overall physical activity among college students. Methods The sample included 518 students (mean 22.4 years; 59.7% female) from two universities in Valencia, Spain. Weekly estimations of energy expenditure from ACU and total physical activity were obtained. Socio-economic status, self-efficacy, barriers to active transport, access to car and motorbike, access to public transport, walking and cycling facilities and distance to university were assessed. Data were collected April and May of 2009, using a self-administered survey. A structural equation…
Validation of a method to measure total spontaneous physical activity of sedentary and voluntary running mice
2014
Running wheels are commonly used to stimulate physical activity of mice. To control the effects of physical activity on study results, it is important to measure the total activity (all movements) of both sedentary and running wheel stimulated mice.Because there was a lack of a validated system, we built a force-plate based system specifically for this purpose. The validity of the system and its variables (activity index, activity time and distance) were tested in calibration measurements and in situ by measuring the activity of eight mice both with and without running wheels. Four mice served as sedentary controls. Activity index adds changes in vertical reaction forces induced by moving m…
Changes in physical activity domains during the transition out of high school: Psychosocial and environmental correlates
2015
Background:This study examined changes in multiple physical activity domains during the transition out of high school and psychosocial and environmental determinants of these changes.Methods:A 1-year prospective study was designed. The baseline sample was composed of 244 last-year high school students (58.6% female) from Valencia, Spain. Follow-up rate was 46%. Physical activity and potential determinants were measured by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and other evaluated scales in 2 waves.Results:Total physical activity and active commuting (AC) decreased, respectively, by 21% and 36%, only in males. At time 1, access to car/motorbike (inverse), planning/psychosocial barriers (…
Predicting accelerometer-based physical activity in physical education and total physical activity: The Self-determination Theory approach
2019
The present study tested the motivational model of physical education (PE) including needs for competence, autonomy, social relatedness, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, in-class moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and total MVPA. Participants were 490 (264 girls, 226 boys) Finnish elementary school students. The data were collected using accelerometers and questionnaires for a seven-day period during the fall semester 2017. The key findings were that 1) social relatedness associated with total MVPA via in-class MVPA in girls, whereas competence was linked to in-class MVPA through extrinsic motivation in boys, 2) competence was positively linked to extrinsic motivation in a si…
A one-year follow-up of basic psychological need satisfactions in physical education and associated in-class and total physical activity
2020
This study examined basic psychological need satisfactions for competence, autonomy, and social relatedness in physical education (PE) and their contributions to accelerometer-based in-class and total moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) across a one-year follow-up (T1). Participants were 523 students (girls 280, boys 243; mean age = 11.26 ± 0.31) and the data were collected using self-reports and waist-worn accelerometers. The key findings were: (a) competence and social relatedness need satisfaction at baseline (T0) predicted total MVPA at T1 via total MVPA at T0; (b) in-class MVPA at T0 predicted total MVPA at T1 via total MVPA at T0; (c) in-class MVPA was directly associated w…
Bone mineral density and physical activity in 50–60-year-old women
1991
Abstract The bone mineral density (BMD) of the calcaneus was measured utilizing a single energy photon absorption method in 108 women, aged 50–60 years. The women who participated in vigorous exercise two or more times a week or whose total physical activity amounted to 4 h a week had significantly higher BMD values than those who exercised less than two times a week or did less than 4 h physical activity a week. The physically active women also showed higher values for leg extension force and maximal oxygen uptake. BMD and leg extension force were positively correlated, whereas correlations between BMD and body mass, and the width of the calcaneus were negative. When other life-style varia…
Elucidating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonism from a chemical-structural perspective.
2020
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) plays an important role in several biological processes such as reproduction, immunity and homoeostasis. However, little is known on the chemical-structural and physicochemical features that influence the activity of AhR antagonistic modulators. In the present report, in vitro AhR antagonistic activity evaluations, based on a chemical-activated luciferase gene expression (AhR-CALUX) bioassay, and an extensive literature review were performed with the aim of constructing a structurally diverse database of contaminants and potentially toxic chemicals. Subsequently, QSAR models based on Linear Discriminant Analysis and Logistic Regression, as well as two tox…
Killer toxins in new isolates of the yeasts Hanseniaspora uvarum and Pichia kluyveri
1985
From various habitats (plant material, fruits, soil), yeasts belonging to the species of Pichia kluyveri and Hanseniaspora uvarum were isolated that showed killer activity. According to the activity spectrum against other yeasts these strains belonged to 11 different groups that were distinguishable from the killer strains K1-K10. The isoelectric points of the killer proteins were in the range of pH 3.5–3.9, the activity optimum was observed at pH 4.2–4.6. Above pH 5 and above a temperature of 25–35°C the killer proteins were inactivated.
Coumarins and Related Compounds from the Medicinal Plants of Africa
2013
Coumarins (1-benzopyran-2-one) are chemical compounds in the benzopyrone class of organic compounds found in many plants. Coumarins possess a variety of biological properties, including antimicrobial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and enzyme inhibitory activity. This chapter gives an overview of the isolation, structural features, and pharmacological actions of variety of coumarins produced by the African plants. The biosynthetic pathway of coumarins is also discussed in this chapter. We identify 117 coumarins in African plants, of which 48 are new. The pharmacological activities of 54 of these coumarins are reported and documented in this chapter.