Search results for "Activity"
showing 10 items of 7178 documents
Criterion validity of two physical activity and one sedentary time questionnaire against accelerometry in a large cohort of adults and older adults
2020
ObjectivesWe compared the ability of physical activity and sitting time questionnaires (PAQ) for ranking individuals versus continuous volume calculations (physical activity level (PAL), metabolic equivalents of task (MET), sitting hours) against accelerometry measured physical activity as our criterion.MethodsParticipants in a cohort from the Tromsø Study completed three questionnaires; (1) The Saltin-Grimby Physical Activity Level Scale (SGPALS) (n=4040); (2) The Physical Activity Frequency, Intensity and Duration (PAFID) questionnaire (n=5902)) calculated as MET-hours·week-1 and (3) The International Physical Activity questionnaire (IPAQ) short-form sitting question (n=4896). We validate…
Pharmacological Characterization of Loss of Function Mutations of the Human Melanocortin 1 Receptor That Are Associated with Red Hair
2004
Variation in skin color is the major host risk factor for melanoma and other forms of skin cancer. Individuals with red hair show an increased ratio of phaeomelanin to eumelanin in both hair and skin. This ratio is regulated by the melanocortin (MC) 1 receptor. There are several common point mutations in the human MC1 receptor that are overrepresented in North European red-heads, and in individuals with pale skin. In order to determine the functional significance of these mutations, we expressed the Asp84Glu, Val92Met, Arg163Gln, and Asp294His variants of the human MC1 receptors in eukaryotic cells and determined their ability to bind alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) peptides and …
Efficacia di Buprenorfina/Naloxone nel trattamento delle tossicodipendenze: monitoraggio dei pazienti in terapia presso il Ser.T. di Marsala, ASL n. …
2018
Il lavoro sperimentale è stato eseguito nel periodo gennaio 2016-marzo 2017, presso il Ser.T. di Marsala dell’ASL n. 9 di Trapani, sotto la guida del Dott. Gaetano Gurgone e del Prof. Fabio Venturella, lavoro in cui sono stati altresì analizzati i dati relativi agli ultimi cinque anni. Il compito prevalente del Ser.T. è l’assessment, inteso come processo di raccolta, integrazione ed interpretazione delle informazioni.Si esplica attraverso: la diagnosi, la cura, la riabilitazione. Questo lavoro vuole essere quindi il resoconto di 15 mesi di osservazione su pazienti trattati con Buprenorfina/Naloxone,operando un confronto con pazienti trattati con il Metadone.Il campione è costituito da 32 so…
TREATMENT WITH SILDENAFIL PREVENTS IMPAIRMENT OF LEARNING IN RATS BORN TO PRE-ECLAMPTIC MOTHERS
2010
Pre-eclampsia is an important hypertensive pregnancy disorder and a main cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality Children born from mothers with preeclampsia may present cognitive deficits The mechanisms leading to this cognitive impairment remain unclear and no treatments to improve it have been tested Pre-eclampsia is associated with impaired regulation of the nitric oxide 3 5 guanosine monophosphate cyclic (cGMP) pathway, which modulates some cognitive functions We hypothesized that alterations in the NO-cGMP pathway would be involved in the mechanisms leading to cognitive impairment in rats born to pre-eclamptic mothers and that treatment with sildenafil an inhibitor of the …
Chronical haloperidol and clozapine treatment in rats: Differential RNA display analysis, behavioral studies and serum level determination
1998
1. Adult, female rats were treated orally for 23 days with 1.6 mg/kg haloperidol or 36 mg/kg clozapine per day, to study chronic effects of the two neuroleptics. 2. At five time points during the neuroleptic treatment, animal behavior was recorded in an open field and locomotive activity was analysed. At the end of the experiment, rats were decapitated, blood samples were collected and serum concentrations of haloperidol and clozapine were determined by a radioreceptor or HPLC assay, respectively. RNA was isolated from each brain, without cerebellum, and subjected to differential RNA display. 3. Mean serum concentrations were 8 ng/ml for haloperidol and 21 ng/ml for clozapine. Analysis of o…
Evaluation of movement and brain activity
2021
Clinical neurophysiology studies can contribute important information about the physiology of human movement and the pathophysiology and diagnosis of different movement disorders. Some techniques can be accomplished in a routine clinical neurophysiology laboratory and others require some special equipment. This review, initiating a series of articles on this topic, focuses on the methods and techniques. The methods reviewed include EMG, EEG, MEG, evoked potentials, coherence, accelerometry, coherence, posturography (balance), gait, and sleep studies. Functional MRI (fMRI) is also reviewed as a physiological method that can be used independently or together with other methods. A few applicat…
Effectiveness of technology-based distance physical rehabilitation interventions on physical activity and walking in multiple sclerosis: a systematic…
2016
Objective: To determine the effectiveness of technology-based distance physical rehabilitation interventions in multiple sclerosis (MS) on physical activity and walking. Data sources: A systematic literature search was conducted in seven databases from January 2000 to September 2016. Randomized controlled trials of technology-based distance physical rehabilitation interventions on physical activity and walking outcome measures were included. Methods: Methodological quality of the studies was determined and a meta-analysis was performed. In addition, a subanalysis of technologies and an additional analysis comparing to no treatment were conducted. Results: The meta-analysis consisted of 11 s…
Diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en los trastornos de ansiedad: una aproximación psicobiológica
2009
Los trastornos de ansiedad son, en la actualidad, enfermedades psiquiátricas muy frecuentes e incapacitantes. Las mujeres en edad reproductiva son más vulnerables a desarrollar trastornos de ansiedad, aproximadamente entre 2 a 3 veces más que los hombres. Ser hombre o mujer no sólo puede influir en la prevalencia de los trastornos mentales, sino también en la manifestación y expresión de los síntomas, la voluntad para solicitar asistencia médica o psicológica, el curso de la enfermedad, incluso en la respuesta al tratamiento. Cada vez hay pruebas más sólidas de que existen diferencias entre ambos sexos respecto a la anatomía cerebral, la neuroquímica y los patrones de activación y respuesta…
Bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory activities of SCA40: studies in human isolated bronchus, human eosinophils, and in the guinea-pig in vivo.
1998
There is currently interest in the use of inhibitors of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases (PDE) as potential anti-asthma agents. In this study we examined the effects of SCA40 (6-bromo-8-methylaminoimidazol-[1,2-a] pyrazine-2-carbonitrile), a preferential inhibitor of PDE 3 also endowed with PDE 4 and 5 inhibitory activities, on isolated bronchus and eosinophil functions and in an animal model of asthma. SCA40 (1 nM-0.1 mM) produced concentration-dependent inhibition of spontaneous and stimulated tone of human isolated bronchus and reached a maximal relaxation similar to that of theophylline (3 mM). The potency (-log EC50 values) of SCA40 against spontaneous tone (6.52 +/- 0.10) was grea…
Comparative study of the rat uterine smooth muscle relaxant activity of three bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolines with tetrandrine
1993
Abstract The relaxant activity of three bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolines—obaberine, popisonine and lindoldhamine—was examined in rat isolated uterus and their inhibitory potencies were compared with that of tetrandrine. All alkaloids tested relaxed KCl-depolarized rat uterus and totally or partially inhibited oxytocin-induced rhythmic contractions. The degree of methylation of the free phenolic hydroxy groups and the loss of one diarylether bridge influence the potency of relaxant action of these alkaloids. Only alkaloids with absolute configuration 1R,1′S or 1R1′R acted intracellularly, promoting relaxation of contractile responses induced by oxytocin or vanadate in a Ca2+-free medium.