Search results for "Acute disease"

Determinants of procalcitonin concentration in acute heart failure.

2014

Age, years 73.1 ± 10.4 Male, n (%) 133 (51.0) Hypertension, n (%) 212 (81.2) Diabetes mellitus, n (%) 126 (49.4) Previous smoker, n (%) 104 (28.2) Ischemic etiology, n (%) 92 (35.3) Peripheral oedema, n (%) 187 (71.7) Previous admission for AHF, n (%) 95 (36.4) Prior use of beta-blockers, n (%) 111 (42.5) Prior use of loop diuretics, n (%) 175 (67.0) Prior use of ACEI/ARB, n (%) 134 (51.3) Heart rate, beats/min 97 ± 28 SBP, mm Hg 148 ± 34 DBP, mm Hg 81 ± 19 Atrial fibrillation, n (%) 119 (45.6) Hemoglobin, g/dl 12.1 ± 2.0 Serum creatinine, mg/dl 1.23 ± 0.57 Urea, mg/dl 60.5 ± 30.1 Sodium, mEq/l 137.8 ± 4.7 NT-proBNP, pg/ml 4813 (6011) Leukocyte count, 10 cells/l 9286 ± 3468 Relative lymphoc…

Procalcitonin and long-term prognosis after an admission for acute heart failure

2014

Abstract Background Traditionally, procalcitonin (PCT) is considered a diagnostic marker of bacterial infections. However, slightly elevated levels of PCT have also been found in patients with heart failure. In this context, it has been suggested that PCT may serve as a proxy for underrecognized infection, endotoxemia, or heightened proinflammatory activity. Nevertheless, the clinical utility of PCT in this setting is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the association between PCT and the risk of long-term outcomes. Methods and results We measured at admission PCT of 261 consecutive patients admitted for acute heart failure (AHF) after excluding active infection. Cox and negative binomial regressi…

Immune Therapy of Lympho-Hemopoietic Malignancies.

2017

Incidence, Medical Resource Utilisation and Costs of Hyperuricemia and Tumour Lysis Syndrome in Patients with Acute Leukaemia and Non-Hodgkin's Lymph…

2003

Hyperuricemia (HU) and tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) are complications of acute leukaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to define incidence and calculate health care cost associated with HU and TLS. 788 acute leukaemia and NHL patients from Belgium, The Netherlands, Spain and UK were screened retrospectively for HU and TLS. Resource use related to HU and TLS was recorded and costs were calculated applying local unit costs. Results showed that HU occurred in 18.9% of patients, and 27.8% of them fulfilled TLS criteria. The cost of HU without TLS was 672 euros (SE 181), the cost of TLS 7,342 euros (SE 1,412). TLS requ…

Hemodynamic Parameters Change Earlier Than Tissue Oxygen Tension in Hemorrhage

2010

BACKGROUND: Untreated hypovolemia results in impaired outcome. This study tests our hypothesis whether general hemodynamic parameters detect acute blood loss earlier than monitoring parameters of regional tissue beds. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight pigs (23-25 kg) were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated. A pulmonary artery catheter and an arterial catheter were inserted. Tissue oxygen tension was measured with Clark-type electrodes in the jejunal and colonic wall, in the liver, and subcutaneously. Jejunal microcirculation was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF). Intravascular volume was optimized using difference in pulse pressure (dPP) to keep dPP below 13%. Sixty minutes after p…

Onset of heart failure determines the hepatic cell death pattern.

2011

Background and rationale. Acute and chronic heart failure (HF) may affect the liver, but the underlying mechanisms that lead to progressive liver damage are poorly understood. The hepatic cytokeratin-18 (CK18) epitopes M65 and M30 have been reported to distinguish between overall (necrotic) and apoptotic cell death, respectively. We aimed to evaluate the predominant hepatic cell death pattern in acute vs. chronic heart failure and examined if these assays predict the course of the disease. Main results. In a prospective study comprising 21 patients with acute HF (AHF) and 18 patients with chronic HF (CHF) serum levels of M65 and M30 were assessed. Compared with CHF, M65 levels were signific…

New polyamine drugs as more effective antichagas agents than benznidazole in both the acute and chronic phases.

2018

Abstract Despite the continuous research effort that has been made in recent years to find ways to treat the potentially life threatening Chagas disease (CD), this remains the third most important infectious disease in Latin America. CD is an important public health problem affecting 6–7 million people. Since the need to search for new drugs for the treatment of DC persists, in this article we present a panel of new polyamines based on the tripodal structure of tris(2-aminomethyl)amine (tren) that can be prepared at low cost with high yields. Moreover, these polyamines present the characteristic of being water-soluble and resistant to the acidic pH values of stomach, which would allow their…

When and how to treat acute hepatitis C?

2003

Background: Appropriate treatment of acute hepatitis C is still a matter of controversy due to the lack of large controlled trials. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of interferon as treatment for acute hepatitis C by meta-analysis. Methods: MEDLINE search (1985-2002) was supplemented with manual searches of reference lists. Studies were included if they were controlled trials comparing interferon to no treatment and if they included patients with either post-transfusion or sporadic acute hepatitis C. Twelve trials were analyzed (414 patients). The outcome assessed was the sustained virological response (SVR) rate (undetectable hepatitis C virus RNA in serum at least 6 months after cessation…

High-flow nasal therapy versus noninvasive ventilation in COPD patients with mild-to-moderate hypercapnic acute respiratory failure: study protocol f…

2019

Background Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is indicated to treat respiratory acidosis due to exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recent nonrandomized studies also demonstrated some physiological effects of high-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) in COPD patients. We designed a prospective, unblinded, multicenter, randomized controlled trial to assess the noninferiority of HFNT compared to NIV with respect to the reduction of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in patients with hypercapnic acute respiratory failure with mild-to-moderate respiratory acidosis. Methods We will enroll adult patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure, as defined by arterial…

Tratamiento psicofarmacológico del trastorno bipolar en América Latina

2011

Objective: This study assessed the treatment preferences among Latin-American psychiatrists for their bipolar disorder patients and if these preferences reflect the current guidelines. Methods: We designed a survey comprised of fourteen questions. All the questions were aimed at the treatment of bipolar I patients only. We distributed the survey by hand or e-mail to psychiatrists in eight different countries: Argentina, Brasil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, México, Perú and Venezuela. Between May 2008 and June 2009, we were able to gather 1143 surveys. Results: As the initial choice of treatment for a bipolar patient who debuts with mania, 61.3% choose a combination of an atypical antipsyc…