Search results for "Adapta"
showing 10 items of 1961 documents
Auditory‐evoked potentials to changes in sound duration in urethane‐anaesthetized mice
2019
Spectrotemporally complex sounds carry important information for acoustic communication. Among the important features of these sounds is the temporal duration. An event-related potential called mismatch negativity indexes auditory change detection in humans. An analogous response (mismatch response) has been found to duration changes in speech sounds in rats but not yet in mice. We addressed whether mice show this response, and, if elicited, whether this response is functionally analogous to mismatch negativity or whether adaptation-based models suffice to explain them. Auditory-evoked potentials were epidurally recorded above the mice auditory cortex. The differential response to the chang…
Visual Acuity and Contrast Sensitivity in Eyes Implanted with Aspheric and Spherical Intraocular Lenses
2009
Purpose To compare visual acuity and contrast sensitivity (CS) in eyes implanted with aspheric and spherical intraocular lenses (IOLs) after cataract surgery. Design Randomized, prospective study. Participants Five hundred twenty-four eyes from 262 cataract surgery patients implanted with 2 IOL models: the AcrySof IQ (262 eyes) and AcrySof SN60AT (262 eyes; Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX). Methods High-contrast photopic best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA) and CS under photopic (85 cd/m 2 ) and mesopic (6 cd/m 2 ) conditions were measured. Pupil diameter was analyzed for distance vision under both lighting conditions. Follow-up was carried out for 6 months in all patients. Main …
Calcium and increase excitability promote tolerance against anoxia in hippocampal slices.
1999
We have previously demonstrated that anoxic preconditioning (APC) protects against a subsequent otherwise 'lethal' anoxic insult in hippocampal slices. Tested here are two hypotheses: (a) APC requires calcium to improve electrical recovery in hippocampal slices; and (b) mild excitation promotes preconditioning neuroprotection. Control hippocampal slices were given a single 'test' anoxic insult followed by reoxygenation. Experimental slices were preconditioned by three short anoxic insults of 1 min separated by 10 min of reoxygenation. At 30 min after the third 'conditioning' insult, slices underwent a 'test' anoxic insult [1 min of anoxic depolarization (AD)], and then slices were reoxygena…
Long-Term Structural and Functional Myocardial Adaptations in Healthy Living Kidney Donors: A Pilot Study
2015
Background and Aims Compensatory renal hypertrophy following unilateral nephrectomy (UNX) occurs in the remaining kidney. However, the long-Term cardiac adaptive process to UNX remains poorly defined in humans. Our goal was to characterize myocardial structure and function in living kidney donors (LKDs), approximately 12 years after UNX. Methods and Results Cardiac function and structure in 15 Italian LKDs, at least 5 years after UNX (median time from donation = 8.4 years) was investigated and compared to those of age and sex matched U.S. citizens healthy controls (n = 15). Standard and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) was performed in both LKDs and controls. Plasma angiotensin II, a…
Emotional and psychopathological disorders in laryngectomized oncological patients.
2015
It is unknown if patients who suffer from laryngeal cancer and undergo total laryngectomy experience as much emotional shock and psychological distress as patients with cancers in other locations do. The aim of the study was to identify the incidence of emotional and psychological disorders in laryngectomized patients and describe their symptomatological nuances.A descriptive cross-sectional study of emotional and psychopathological response of 100 cancer patients undergoing total laryngectomy was performed. The patients were evaluated immediately after surgery (n=35), when initiating communicative rehabilitation (n=23) and 5 years after diagnosis (n=42), versus a control of 55 healthy subj…
Neuromuscular Adaptations to Low-Frequency Stimulation Training in a Patient with Chronic Heart Failure
2008
Electrical myostimulation (EMS) has recently been proposed as an interesting rehabilitation tool in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Although its beneficial effects on exercise capacity and muscle strength have been demonstrated, the neuromuscular adaptations responsible for improved performance are not well understood. This preliminary case report was therefore planned to investigate the neural and muscular adaptations to a 5-wk EMS program in one patient. An increase in maximal strength (10.5%) was accompanied by increased twitch torque (13.9%) and slowing of muscle contractile properties (half-relaxation time, time to peak torque, and maximal rate of relaxation increased by 7.1…
Methodological considerations for studies in sport and exercise science with women as participants: a working guide for standards of practice for res…
2021
AbstractUntil recently, there has been less demand for and interest in female-specific sport and exercise science data. As a result, the vast majority of high-quality sport and exercise science data have been derived from studies with men as participants, which reduces the application of these data due to the known physiological differences between the sexes, specifically with regard to reproductive endocrinology. Furthermore, a shortage of specialist knowledge on female physiology in the sport science community, coupled with a reluctance to effectively adapt experimental designs to incorporate female-specific considerations, such as the menstrual cycle, hormonal contraceptive use, pregnanc…
Physiological adaptations to resistance training in rats selectively bred for low and high response to aerobic exercise training
2018
New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Can phenotypic traits associated with low response to one mode of training be extrapolated to other exercise-inducible phenotypes? The present study investigated whether rats that are low responders to endurance training are also low responders to resistance training. What is the main finding and its importance? After resistance training, rats that are high responders to aerobic exercise training improved more in maximal strength compared with low-responder rats. However, the greater gain in strength in high-responder rats was not accompanied by muscle hypertrophy, suggesting that the responses observed could be mainly neural in orig…
Zirconia Removable Telescopic Dentures Retained on Teeth or Implants for Maxilla Rehabilitation. Three-Year Observation of Three Cases
2010
Abstract This report addresses maxillary restoration with removable telescopic crown-retained palatal free dentures. One patient with 7 natural teeth (PERIO), a second patient with 6 dental implants (IMPL), and a third patient with 2 natural teeth and 4 dental implants (IMPL-PERIO) were treated. Zirconia copings for natural teeth and individual zirconia implant abutments were fabricated in CAD/CAM and used as primary crowns. Electroformed gold copings were used as secondary telescopes. All maxilla supraconstructions were fabricated with zirconia and CAD/CAM. Patients were monitored during a 3-year period; all teeth and implants survived, and no biological or mechanical complications occurre…
Associations Between Peer Pressure and Adolescents' Binge Behaviors: The Role of Basic Needs and Coping
2019
Framed from a framework based on the integration of self-determination theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000 Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Web of Science ®], , [Google Scholar] ) and Endler and Parker’s (1990) conception of coping strategies, the authors analyzed the relationships between peer pressure and binge behaviors (binge eating and binge drinking) in adolescence. Moreover, the authors explored the mediating role of satisfaction/frustration of basic psychological needs and coping strategi…