Search results for "Adapta"

Sole coloration as an unusual aposematic signal in a Neotropical toad

2019

Many animals have evolved remarkable strategies to avoid predation. In diurnal, toxic harlequin toads (Atelopus) from the Amazon basin, we find a unique colour signal. Some Atelopus populations have striking red soles of the hands and feet, visible only when walking. When stationary, the toads are hard to detect despite their yellow-black dorsal coloration. Consequently, they switch between high and low conspicuousness. Interestingly, some populations lack the extra colour display of the soles. We found comprehensive support that the red coloration can act as an aposematic signal directed towards potential predators: red soles are significantly more conspicuous than soles lacking red colora…

The impact of life stage and pigment source on the evolution of novel warning signal traits

2021

Our understanding of how novel warning color traits evolve in natural populations is largely based on studies of reproductive stages and organisms with endogenously produced pigmentation. In these systems, genetic drift is often required for novel alleles to overcome strong purifying selection stemming from frequency-dependent predation and positive assortative mating. Here, we integrate data from field surveys, predation experiments, population genomics, and phenotypic correlations to explain the origin and maintenance of geographic variation in a diet-based larval pigmentation trait in the redheaded pine sawfly (Neodiprion lecontei), a pine-feeding hymenopteran. Although our experiments c…

Linguistic, Contextual, and Experiential Equivalence Issues in the Adaptation of a Performance-Based Assessment of Generic Skills in Higher Education

2022

This qualitative study investigated the various linguistic, contextual, and experiential equivalence issues embedded in a performance-based instrument aimed at assessing generic skills in higher education. A rigorous translation and adaptation process (American English to Finnish) was conducted on one instrument, namely Collegiate Learning Assessment (CLA+) International. The data were obtained from cognitive laboratories (n = 13), with think-alouds and follow-up interviews conducted among Finnish undergraduate students. Content logs were created, and the data were analyzed thematically. The findings revealed that linguistic and contextual equivalence issues were more prominent than experie…

Model organisms and their application in environmental epigenetics

2020

Abstract Epigenetic mechanisms operate at the interface between the environment and the genome of a given organism. More particularly, they convert environmental stimuli as diverse as chemical pollutants, nutritional components, temperature changes, and social conditions into changes in the chromatin landscape, which influence gene expression in the absence of alterations in the DNA sequence, ultimately leading to phenotype adaptation and diversification. The use of experimental model organisms in epigenetics research allows for the careful manipulation of environmental factors in order to understand how they mechanistically modulate the establishment, maintenance, and inheritance of epigen…

Sangre y arena (1916) Vicente Blasco Ibáñez y Max André

2018

Entrada en el Diccionario del Audiovisual Valenciano que contiene la ficha técnica y artística de la película 'Sangre y arena'; la descripción del argumento y el análisis crítico de la película. Como primera adaptación cinematográfica de la novela de Blasco Ibáñez, esta película estableció el canon estético-temático del cine taurino posterior. Entry in the Valencian Audiovisual Dictionary that contains the technical and artistic sheet of the film 'Sangre y arena'; the description of the plot and the critical analysis of the film. As the first cinematographic adaptation of the novel by Blasco Ibáñez, this film established the aesthetic-thematic canon of later bullfighting cinema.

Enhancement of hepatitis C virus RNA replication by cell culture-adaptive mutations.

2001

ABSTRACT Studies of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication cycle have been made possible with the development of subgenomic selectable RNAs that replicate autonomously in cultured cells. In these replicons the region encoding the HCV structural proteins was replaced by the neomycin phosphotransferase gene, allowing the selection of transfected cells that support high-level replication of these RNAs. Subsequent analyses revealed that, within selected cells, HCV RNAs had acquired adaptive mutations that increased the efficiency of colony formation by an unknown mechanism. Using a panel of replicons that differed in their degrees of cell culture adaptation, in this study we show that adaptive…

Hidalgo ja käsikirjoittaja : tekijän näkökulma adaptaatioon ja visuaaliseen kerrontaan laajassa sarjakuvassa

2006

L’amica geniale in Inghilterra: il caso dell’adattamento radio di Timberlake Wertenbaker

2019

This paper takes into consideration Timberlake Wertenbaker's adaptation of Ferrante's My Brilliant Friend (2016) for the radio. In particular, the focus of the paper is on the first of the four radioplays and on the dramatic strategies used and adaptation choices made by Wertenbaker. We shall focus on the use of two main adult voices (Lena and Lila), the use of the voice over, and the representation of time. The chapter also considers the image of "neapolitanity" offered in the radioplay, the reception with the British audience with respect to the meridionist idea of Southern Italy as poor and violent. I aim to show how, with some exceptions, Wertenbaker somehow manages to push beyond the c…

Impact of Energy Availability, Health and Sex on Hemoglobin Mass Responses Following Live-High–Train-High Altitude Training in Elite Female and Male …

2018

Purpose: The authors investigated the effects of sex, energy availability (EA), and health status on the change in hemoglobin mass (ΔHbmass) in elite endurance athletes over ∼3–4 wk of live-high–train-high altitude training in Flagstaff, AZ (2135 m; n = 27 women; n = 21 men; 27% 2016 Olympians). Methods: Precamp and postcamp Hbmass (optimized carbon monoxide rebreathing method) and iron status were measured, EA was estimated via food and training logs, and a Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire (LEAFQ) and a general injury/illness questionnaire were completed. Hypoxic exposure (h) was calculated with low (600 h) groupings. Results: Absolute and relative percentage ΔHbmass was si…

Modeling multipartite virus evolution: the genome formula facilitates rapid adaptation to heterogeneous environments

2020

Multipartite viruses have two or more genome segments, and package different segments into different particle types. Although multipartition is thought to have a cost for virus transmission, its benefits are not clear. Recent experimental work has shown that the equilibrium frequency of viral genome segments, the setpoint genome formula (SGF), can be unbalanced and host-species dependent. These observations have reinvigorated the hypothesis that changes in genome-segment frequencies can lead to changes in virus-gene expression that might be adaptive. Here we explore this hypothesis by developing models of bipartite virus infection, leading to a threefold contribution. First, we show that th…