Search results for "Adjuvant"
showing 10 items of 733 documents
Biochemical and chemical characterization of Cynara cardunculus L. extract and its potential use as co-adjuvant therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia
2017
Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Ancient mediterranean diet was characterized by consuming the spontaneous forms of Cynara cardunculus L. (CCL), commonly called artichoke. Cultivated and/or spontaneous forms of CC studies have demonstrated that methanol extract of CCL flower and/or cynaropicrin showed remarkable anti-proliferative activity in vitro models of leukocyte cancer cell. Aim of the study Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is associated with a reciprocal translocation of the long arms of chromosomes 9 and 22 generating the BCR/ABL fusion gene, translated in the p210 BCR/ABL oncoprotein kinase. This chimeric protein is the target of a kinase inhibitor, imatinib, but the developme…
Heat shock protein-antigen fusions lose their enhanced immunostimulatory capacity after endotoxin depletion.
2008
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) induce cross-presentation of antigens by dendritic cells (DC) as well as DC maturation. These properties make HSP antigen complexes good candidates to prime CD8 T cell responses against tumor-associated antigens. In this study, we analyzed four different members of the HSP70 family fused to a fragment of ovalbumin (OVA) as a model tumor antigen. E. coli-derived recombinant HSP70-OVA fusion proteins efficiently primed antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells in short-term in vivo immunization assays. Because of concerns that the adjuvant effect of HSPs may be due to endotoxin contamination, we studied this issue in detail. Induction of OVA-specific cytotoxicity was signi…
Impaired Mast Cell-Driven Immune Responses in Mice Lacking the Transcription Factor NFATc2
2009
Abstract The three calcium-dependent factors NFATc1, c2, and c3 are expressed in cells of the immune system and play pivotal roles in modulating cellular activation. With regard to NFATc2, it was reported that NFATc2-deficient mice display increased immune responses in several models for infection and allergy in vivo. This led to the assumption that NFATc2 is involved in the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Using the synthetic TLR7 agonist imiquimod as an adjuvant in epicutaneous peptide immunization, we observed that both the inflammatory reaction and the peptide-specific CTL response are severely impaired in NFATc2-deficient mice. Detailed analyses revealed that early production of proi…
Dendritic cells trigger tumor cell death by a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism.
2007
Abstract Dendritic cells (DCs) are well known for their capacity to induce adaptive antitumor immune response through Ag presentation and tumor-specific T cell activation. Recent findings reveal that besides this role, DCs may display additional antitumor effects. In this study, we provide evidence that LPS- or IFN-γ-activated rat bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) display killing properties against tumor cells. These cytotoxic BMDCs exhibit a mature DC phenotype, produce high amounts of IL-12, IL-6, and TNF-α, and retain their phagocytic properties. BMDC-mediated tumor cell killing requires cell-cell contact and depends on NO production, but not on perforin/granzyme or on death re…
Real-World Data Analysis of Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer at a Tertiary-Level Hospital in Romania
2020
Background and objectives: Breast cancer is among the most common cancer types encountered during pregnancy. Here, we aimed to describe the characteristics, management, and outcomes of women with pregnancy-associated breast cancer at a tertiary-level hospital in Romania. Material and Methods: We retrospectively and prospectively collected demographic, oncological, and obstetrical data for women diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy, and who elected to continue their pregnancy, between June 2012 and June 2020. Complete data were obtained regarding family and personal medical history and risks factors, cancer diagnosis and staging, clinical and pathological features (including histology and …
Glycoconjugate vaccines and immune interactions, and implications for vaccination schedules.
2011
Conjugate vaccines using diphtheria toxoid variant (CRM(197)), diphtheria toxoid and tetanus toxoid (TT) as carrier protein may induce immune interactions (interference or impairment as measured by lower antibody levels, or enhancement [higher antibody levels]) when coadministered with other vaccines. Immune enhancement occurs when two TT conjugates are coadministered. CRM(197) conjugate vaccines induce immune bystander interference when given with diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccines, which reduces responses to coadministered Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine conjugated to TT. These bystander effects are greater as the amount of CRM(197) administered increases. When large am…
Influenza control in the 21st century: Optimizing protection of older adults
2009
Older adults (> or =65 years of age) are particularly vulnerable to influenza illness. This is due to a waning immune system that reduces their ability to respond to infection, which leads to more severe cases of disease. The majority ( approximately 90%) of influenza-related deaths occur in older adults and, in addition, catastrophic disability resulting from influenza-related hospitalization represents a significant burden in this vulnerable population. Current influenza vaccines provide benefits for older adults against influenza; however, vaccine effectiveness is lower than in younger adults. In addition, antigenic drift is also a concern, as it can impact on vaccine effectiveness due t…
Could resveratrol be a useful drug for the treatment of malignant hemopathies?
2013
Resveratrol is a poly-phenol with many beneficial effects: not only as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic agent, as well as a platelet aggregation inhibitor, but also as an antiproliferative and proapoptotic factor in various types of cancers. There are reviews about the mechanisms responsible for its effects in leukemia and lymphomas, emphasizing the chemosensitizing role of resveratrol, which allows overcoming the multidrug resistance of cancers. The action of resveratrol occurs preferentially on leukemic cells, and not on the normal ones. In addition, it is one of the few drugs that act on leukemic stem cells. If experimental results are promising, its application in …
Influence of Perioperative cis-Platinum on Breaking Strength of Bowel Anastomoses in Rats
1985
Adjuvant and perioperative chemotherapy is increasingly being used in the treatment of malignant disease. Therefore, the influence of cytostatic drugs is of interest and is being investigated experimentally. The influence of various drugs is well known and has been described elsewhere (Shamberger et al. 1981). Recently, cis-platinum, an inorganic complex that inhibits DNA synthesis by cross-linking DNA strands, has been introduced. In urology it has shown a surprisingly good effect on testicular tumors and has been used in bladder cancer for palliative treatment, being one of the most potent drugs for this purpose (Yagoda 1979). It is now being combined with cystectomy for curative therapy …
Targeted Therapies in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
2015
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the main causes of death in patients affected by chronic liver diseases. The awareness of the biomolecular mechanisms underlying the complex carcinogenic process led to the development of targeted molecules, which are able to block this process. Sorafenib is a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, and currently, it is the only drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of HCC. However, some studies have demonstrated the efficacy of single drug therapies or combination therapies. They showed an improvement with regard to overall survival, time to progression, and progression-free survival, although these therapies were not free …