Search results for "Aerobic"

Assessment of Muscular Fitness as a Predictor of Flight Duty Limitation.

2018

Introduction The high acceleration (Gz) exposure among military pilots flying fighter aircraft has been associated with an increased risk for cervical and lumbar disorders. It has been suggested that an adequate level of physical performance could reduce the risk of experiencing these disorders. The Finnish Air Force has for several years used aerobic (bicycle ergometer) and muscular fitness tests (battery of five tests) in the selection process of military pilot candidates in order to evaluate their physical fitness level. The aim of the study was to determine if these selection phase tests and anthropometry measures can predispose those individuals who might be at risk of developing sever…

C4 ‐dicarboxylates and l ‐aspartate utilization by Escherichia coli K‐12 in the mouse intestine: l ‐aspartate as a major substrate for fumarate respi…

2021

C4-dicarboxylates, such as fumarate, L-malate and L-aspartate represent substrates for anaerobic growth of Escherichia coli by fumarate respiration. Here, we determined whether C4-dicarboxylate metabolism as well as fumarate respiration contribute to colonization of the mammalian intestinal tract. Metabolite profiling revealed that the murine small intestine contained high and low levels of L-aspartate and L-malate, respectively, whereas fumarate was nearly absent. Under laboratory conditions, addition of C4-dicarboxylate at concentrations corresponding to the levels of the C4-dicarboxylates in the small intestine (2.6 mMol/kg dry weight) induced the dcuBp-lacZ reporter gene (67% of maximal…

Disentangling the effects of methanogen community and environment on peatland greenhouse gas production by a reciprocal transplant experiment

2020

2019

Abstract Background Physical activity and dietary intake of dairy products are associated with improved metabolic health. Dairy products are rich with branched chain amino acids that are essential for energy production. To gain insight into the mechanisms underlying the benefit of the sub-chronic effects of running and intake of milk protein supplements, we studied L ow C apacity R unner rats (LCR), a rodent exercise model with risk for metabolic disorders. We especially focused on the role of Sirtuins, energy level dependent proteins that affect many cellular metabolic processes. Methods Forty-seven adult LCR female rats sedentary or running voluntarily in wheels were fed normal chow and g…

Increased physical activity decreases hepatic free fatty acid uptake: a study in human monozygotic twins

2006

Exercise is considered to be beneficial for free fatty acid (FFA) metabolism, although reports of the effects of increased physical activity on FFA uptake and oxidation in different tissues in vivo in humans have been inconsistent. To investigate the heredity-independent effects of physical activity and fitness on FFA uptake in skeletal muscle, the myocardium, and liver we used positron emission tomography (PET) in nine healthy young male monozygotic twin pairs discordant for physical activity and fitness. The cotwins with higher physical activity constituting the more active group had a similar body mass index but less body fat and 18 +/- 10% higher (P < 0.001) compared to the less active …

Microbial community analysis, influence of reactor hybridation and effect of the proportion of glycol ethers/ethanol mixtures in EGSB reactors

2018

Antecedentes La emisión de compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COVs) puede causar diferentes problemas en la salud pública y en el medio ambiente, actuando como contaminantes primarios y permitiendo la formación de contaminantes secundarios como el ozono troposférico. Debido a estos problemas, la emisión de COVs está limitada en muchos países tales como EEUU o los pertenecientes a la Unión Europea, en este caso regulado por la directiva 2010/75/EU. Debido al uso de disolventes en su proceso productivo, la industria flexográfica es uno de los sectores que más contribuye a la emisión de este tipo de compuestos, y las técnicas biológicas han sido consideradas como una de las mejores disponibles pa…

Association between the ACE I/D polymorphism and physical activity in Polish women

2016

Angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) is the most frequently investigated genetic marker in the context of genetic conditioning of athletic predispositions. However, the knowledge of ACE’s potential modifying effect on changes in selected body traits achieved through a training programme is still limited. Therefore, we have decided to check whether selected body mass, body composition variables, oxygen uptake parameters as well as strength/speed parameters observed in physically active participants will be modulated by the ACE I/D polymorphism. The genotype distribution was examined in a group of 201 young healthy women measured for chosen traits before and after the completion of a 12-w…

Considering syntrophic acetate oxidation and ionic strength improves the performance of models for food waste anaerobic digestion.

2021

Current mechanistic anaerobic digestion (AD) models cannot accurately represent the underlying processes occurring during food waste (FW) AD. This work presents an update of the Anaerobic Digestion Model no. 1 (ADM1) to provide accurate estimations of free ammonia concentrations and related inhibition thresholds, and model syntrophic acetate oxidation as acetate-consuming pathway. A modified Davies equation predicted NH3 concentrations and pH more accurately, and better estimated associated inhibitory limits. Sensitivity analysis results showed the importance of accurate disintegration kinetics and volumetric mass transfer coefficients, as well as volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and hydrogen up…

Bacterial community response to changes in a tri-trophic cascade during a whole-lake fish manipulation

2015

Microbial communities play a key role in biogeochemical processes by degrading organic material and recycling nutrients, but can also be important food sources for upper trophic levels. Trophic cascades might modify microbial communities either directly via grazing or indirectly by inducing changes in other biotic or in abiotic factors (e.g., nutrients). We studied the effects of a tri-trophic cascade on microbial communities during a whole-lake manipulation in which European perch (Perca fluviatilis) were added to a naturally fishless lake divided experimentally into two basins. We measured environmental parameters (oxygen, temperature, and nutrients) and zooplankton biomass and studied th…

Modeling the anaerobic treatment of sulfate rich urban wastewater. Application to AnMBR technology

2020

[EN] Although anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBR) are a core technology in the transition of urban wastewater (UWW) treatment towards a circular economy, the transition is being held back by a number of bottlenecks. The dissolved methane released from the effluent, the need to remove nutrients (ideally by recovery), or the energy lost by the competition between methanogenic and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) for the biodegradable COD have been identified as the main issues to be addressed before AnMBR becomes widespread. Mathematical modeling of this technology can be used to obtain further insights into these bottlenecks plus other valuable information for design, simulation and contro…