Search results for "Afforestation"
showing 10 items of 41 documents
CPMAS 13C NMR Characterization of Leaves and Litters from the Reafforestated Area of Mustigarufi in Sicily (Italy)
2010
Reafforestation is generally based on the planting of exotic fast growing tree species suitable for adapting to even harsh environments. Once the introduced plants ameliorate soil conditions, they can be progressively replaced by au- tochthonous plant species. Reafforestation is applied worldwide. However, only few studies on the effect of reafforesta- tion on lands from Mediterranean regions are available. This paper reports the characterization by cross polarization 13C NMR spectroscopy of fresh leaves and superficial litters from a reafforestated area in central Sicily (Italy). NMR assign- ment is attempted. A differentiation among the molecular systems within leaves and litters is also …
Climate mitigation and intensified forest management in Norway: To what extent are surface waters safeguarded?
2020
AbstractWhile the role of forestry in mitigating climate change is increasingly subject to political commitment, other areas, such as water protection, may be at risk. In this study, we ask whether surface waters are sufficiently safeguarded in relation to the 2015 launch of a series of measures to intensify forest management for mitigation of climate change in Norway. First, we assess how impacts on water are accounted for in existing regulations for sustainable forestry. Secondly, we provide an overview of the impacts of forestry on water quality relevant to three support schemes: afforestation on new areas, increased stocking density in existing forests, and forest fertilisation. Lastly,…
Assessment of site-specific drivers of farmland abandonment in mosaic-type landscapes: A case study in Vidzeme, Latvia
2018
Abstract Farmland abandonment, which causes changes in rural life and farming practices, can be observed throughout Europe. Over the last decades natural afforestation has decreased the area of farmland used for agricultural production, thereby leading to landscape homogenization and polarization. This process is explicitly evident in mosaic type landscapes consisting of highly complex land cover patterns, soil composition and topography. The aim of the study was to determine the site-specific driving forces of farmland abandonment at landscape scale in relation to agro-ecological and geographic factors, in a post-Soviet country in Eastern Europe. An extensive field survey approach with sta…
Individual and Environmental Determinants of Daily Black Grouse Nest Survival Rates at Variable Predator Densities
2010
Nest predation in ground nesting black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) inhabiting managed boreal forests is arguably the single most important cause of nesting failure. Little is known, however, about indirect effects of other factors, such as maternal or environmental properties, and to what extent maternal and habitat qualities interact with varying levels of predator densities. Using an information-theoretical approach, we studied maternal and environmental determinants of daily nest survival rates under variable predator densities of 210 individual black grouse hens in central Finland. Environmental determinants were far more important than maternal ones, and the effects were more apparent at hi…
Intervento di ripristino della copertura arborea su un'area del parco dell'Etna interessata da colata lavica recente.
1996
The planning and results of a reafforestation carried out on a private area occurring in the Etna Wildlife Reserve C zone are presented. The area consists of a terraced slope 70.000 square meters wide, made out of a lava flow part which dates back to 1983. At first were planted and seeded Astragalus siculus Biv. and Festuca circummediterranea Patzke, in order to set a pioneer vegetation cover; then were planted some aboreal species having a leading role in the physiognomical characterisation of the Etna landscape, like Betula aetnenis Raf., Pinus laricio Poiret, Populus tremula L. The success of the intervention is shown by the fairly quick penetration of 26 species coming from the neighbou…
Storia dell’eucalitticoltura in Sicilia.
2013
Eucalyptus, Italia, paesaggio, rimboschimento, selvicoltura, storia Gli eucalitti vantano una lunga storia nel nostro paese; erano già presenti infatti in Campania all’inizio dell’800 nel giardino botanico annesso alla regia di Caserta e fu proprio l’Hortus Camaldulensis a dare il nome all’Eucalyptus camaldulensis una delle specie più diffuse in Italia e nel Mondo. I primi impianti in Italia vanno fatti risalire al 1869 ad opera dei monaci della “Abbazia delle Tre Fontane” a Roma. Le ragioni iniziali della diffusione degli eucalitti vanno legate alla convinzione che potessero rendere salubre l’aria e contrastare la diffusione della malaria, effetto dovuto alla capacità dell’eucalipto di pro…
Past and Contemporary Changes in Forest Cover and Forest Continuity in Relation to Soils (Southern Latvia)
2014
A set of medium-scale historical maps was used to reconstruct changes in spatial patterns of forest area during the last 220 years in an agricultural matrix of northeastern Europe (Zemgale region, Latvia). Changes in total forest area by soils were determined, as well as the time period of continuous forest cover. Proportion of protected area for each soil trophic group was also calculated. Patterns of recent forest development differed between soil trophic groups. Afforestation occurred mainly on wet and poor soils in the 19th and 20th centuries, while the proportion of woodland area on fertile soils typical for nemoral forests was fairly stable. Only 1% of the fertile soil area has been c…
The role of traditional Erica arborea L. management practices in maintaining northeastern Sicily’s cultural landscape
2007
The tree heath (Erica arborea L.), a small evergreen tree found in the Mediterranean region and parts of Eastern and Central Africa, produces lignotubers that are highly valued for making smoking pipes. The Peloritani Mountains of northeastern Sicily are historically one of the most important areas in Italy for the production of these high quality lignotubers, known as briar root wood. In the past, tree heath shrublands were also an important source of charcoal. Erica arborea utilisation has declined dramatically during the past century, mostly due to the decreasing demand for smoking pipes, as well as the increasing frequency of wildfires and large-scale afforestation activities in this re…
The perception of abandoned farmland by local people and experts: Landscape value and perspectives on future land use
2013
Abstract Abandonment of agricultural land is a common feature of areas undergoing a range of urbanisation and marginalisation processes across Europe and beyond. This is also the case in Latvia, particularly in the period since 1990, when after regaining independence from the Soviet Union land was restored to its previous owners or their descendants. Many of these people have moved to cities and lack the interest in or the necessary capital for starting farming enterprises. As a result, large areas of land were abandoned, leading to spontaneous afforestation and with associated changes in landscape structure, ecological function and aesthetic value. While there has been an increase in resea…
I rimboschimenti di cedro dell’Atlante [Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex Carrière] in Sicilia
2012
Il cedro dell’Atlante [Cedrus atlantica (ENDL.) MANETTI EX CARRIÈRE], introdotto in Europa come pianta ornamentale, ha trovato largo impiego nei rimboschimenti in Francia, Spagna e Portogallo, mentre in Italia la sua diffusione è stata più recente e a oggi interessa oltre 2600 ettari, dimostrando ottime potenzialità, senza comportamenti invasivi. In Sicilia, benché poco diffusa, la specie sembra avere potenzialità di adattamento e di produzione interessanti. Il presente lavoro prende in considerazione 7 popolamenti di cedro dell'Atlante dislocati in ambiti diversi rappresentativi delle condizioni ambientali locali, compatibili con le esigenze ecologiche della specie, tra questi un rimboschi…