Search results for "Agenesis"
showing 10 items of 2668 documents
Evaluation and comparison of trace metal accumulation in different tissues of potential bioindicator organisms: Macrobenthic filter feedersStyela pli…
2016
Trace metal concentrations were measured in different tissues of Sabella spallanzanii, Styela plicata, and Mytilus galloprovincialis collected in the Termini Imerese Harbor (Sicily, Italy) to evaluate the potential use of these species as bioindicators. Higher bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were calculated in the tube of S. spallanzanii, except for As, which had a higher BAF in the branchial crown of the same species. Regarding the other species analyzed, higher BAFs were found in the digestive gland of M. galloprovincialis. An exception was Pb, which was significantly more concentrated in the branchial basket and tunic of S. plicata. The BAFs calculated in the present study show that all t…
Photoreceptors and respiratory electron flow involvement in the activity of acifluorfen-methyl and LS 82-556 on nonchlorophyllous soybean cells
1987
Abstract The diphenyl ether acifluorfen-methyl [AFM; methyl 5-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]-2-nitrobenzoate] and the pyridine derivative LS 82-556 [( S )-3- N -(methylbenzyl)carbamoyl-5-propionyl-2,6-lutidine] induce light-dependent polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation, leading to general membrane disruption. Although devoid of functional chloroplasts, cultured soybean cells are sensitive to AFM and LS 82-556 only in the light. The possible involvement of carotenoids and respiratory electron flow was examined by monitoring ethane evolution, fluorescein release, and dry weight/fresh weight ratio alteration. Herbicide effects on cells exposed to white light or blue light (380–540 n…
Sucrose amendment enhances phytoaccumulation of the herbicide atrazine in Arabidopsis thaliana.
2006
International audience; Growth in the presence of sucrose was shown to confer to Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress or mustard weed) seedlings, under conditions of in vitro culture, a high level of tolerance to the herbicide atrazine and to other photosynthesis inhibitors. This tolerance was associated with root-to-shoot transfer and accumulation of atrazine in shoots, which resulted in significant decrease of herbicide levels in the growth medium. In soil microcosms, application of exogenous sucrose was found to confer tolerance and capacity to accumulate atrazine in Arabidopsis thaliana plants grown on atrazine-contaminated soil, and resulted in enhanced decontamination of the soil. Applic…
Trace element storage capacity of sediments in deadPosidonia oceanicamat from a chronically contaminated marine ecosystem
2016
Posidonia oceanica mat is considered a long-term bioindicator of contamination. Storage and sequestration of trace elements and organic carbon (Corg) were assessed in dead P. oceanica mat and bare sediments from a highly polluted coastal marine area (Augusta Bay, central Mediterranean). Sediment elemental composition and sources of organic matter have been altered since the 1950s. Dead P. oceanica mat displayed a greater ability to bury and store trace elements and Corg than nearby bare sediments, acting as a long-term contaminant sink over the past 120?yr. Trace elements, probably associated with the mineral fraction, were stabilized and trapped despite die-off of the overlying P. oceanica…
Co-inertia multivariate approach for the evaluation of anthropogenic impact on two commercial fish along Tyrrhenian coasts
2019
Abstract Aliphatic hydrocarbon levels were determined by the GC/MS technique in fish livers of Engraulis encrasicolus (Ee) and Trachurus trachurus (Tt), collected from a particular area of the Mediterranean Sea, called GSA 10, which is located exactly in Tyrrhenian Sea between Campania coast and North Sicily coast. The aim was to evaluate their potential use as specific bioindicators towards this class of contaminants. Both Tt and Ee are considered to be pollution monitoring bioindicators, due to their dominance in marine communities and economic fishing interest. Ee showed a higher tendency to bioaccumulate TAHs, due to the lower quantity of fatty acids in liver tissues with respect to Tt.…
Cross-resistance to aryloxyphenoxypropionate and cyclohexanedione herbicides in foxtail millet (Setaria italica)
1997
Abstract Nearly isogenic backcrossed populations of foxtail millet ( Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.), resistant and susceptible to sethoxydim, were used in dose response analysis to seven acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase inhibiting herbicides, aryloxyphenoxypropionate, and cyclohexanedione. Mortality and fresh and dry weights were recorded at the seedling stage. Results of greenhouse experiments showed that the resistant type was cross-resistant to all tested herbicides. Sethoxydim only was completely safe for the crop while three other herbicides had a moderate effect on the growth of resistant plants at recommended field doses. The last three herbicides had too high a toxicity to be used on mil…
Phytotoxicity and metabolism of chlortoluron in two wheat varieties
1985
Abstract Varietal susceptibility of winter wheat to chlortoluron, 1-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-3,3 dimethylurea, has been studied in two varieties, Corin (susceptible) and Clement (tolerant). After a 24-hr root absorption of the herbicide, phytotoxicity was estimated from growth measurements. When administered at 12 to 96 μM concentrations, the herbicide reduced the growth of both varieties. A significant selective effect was found at 96 μM. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence-induction kinetics allowed to discriminate between the two varieties treated with 12 to 48 μM chlortoluron. The metabolism of chlortoluron was studied following absorption of 24 μM solutions. Both varieties produc…
Life history and spatial distribution of the enchytraeid wormCognettia sphagnetorum(Oligochaeta) in metal-polluted soil: Below-ground sink-source pop…
2001
We studied the life history, metal-avoidance behavior, spatial distribution, and population growth of enchytraeid worms (Cognettia sphagnetorum [Oligochaeta]) originating from two sites: one uncontaminated, and another patchily polluted by heavy metals. Effects of patchy soil contamination on populations were studied in microcosms. In uncontaminated soil, worms from the polluted site had lower viability and reduced growth rate as juveniles but higher growth rate as adults compared to worms from the unpolluted site. They were also smaller in size at fragmentation (reproduction). Worms from the polluted site reached a larger population size than worms from the unpolluted site. Hence, worms fr…
Effects of Acifluorfen-methyl on cucumber cotyledons : porphyrin accumulation
1988
Abstract The nitrodiphenyl ether herbicide acifluorfen-methyl and the pyridine derivative LS 82-556 induce porphyrin accumulation in green cucumber cotyledons. When experiments are done with intact plants absorbing the herbicide through the roots, that accumulation is light-dependent. 3-(3,4-Dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) which prevents cellular damages under these conditions (M. Matringe and R. Scalla, Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 26 , 150 (1986), also inhibits porphyrin accumulation. In contrast, when detached cotyledons are cut into pieces and floated on herbicide solutions, porphyrins accumulate in the dark. Accordingly, DCMU does not inhibit porphyrin accumulation or protect the …
Health communication in covid-19 era: Experiences from the italian vaccinarsì network websites
2021
In 2013, in a bid to combat Vaccine Hesitancy (VH) and provide information on vaccines by communicating with the general public and the health community (e.g., healthcare workers and public health operators), the Italian Society of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine (S.It.I.) published the national website “VaccinarSì”. The project was subsequently extended to ten Italian Regions. This led to the creation of the VaccinarSì Network, whose websites are publicly owned. The aim of this work was to present the framework of the websites of the VaccinarSì Network and to analyse user behaviour in the pre-COVID-19-era (dating from each website’s publication until 31 January 2020) and in the COVID-19-er…