Search results for "Agreement"
showing 10 items of 244 documents
Does reviewing experience reduce disagreement in proposals evaluation? Insights from Marie Skłodowska-Curie and COST Actions
2021
Abstract We have limited understanding of why reviewers tend to strongly disagree when scoring the same research proposal. Thus far, research that explored disagreement has focused on the characteristics of the proposal or the applicants, while ignoring the characteristics of the reviewers themselves. This article aims to address this gap by exploring which reviewer characteristics most affect disagreement among reviewers. We present hypotheses regarding the effect of a reviewer’s level of experience in evaluating research proposals for a specific granting scheme, that is, scheme reviewing experience. We test our hypotheses by studying two of the most important research funding programmes i…
PIL.20-21-Unit 3. The International Treaties
2020
Public International Law. Unit 3. The International Treaties. Powerpoint of the Academic course 2020-2021.
The Escazú Agreement and the Regional Approach to Rio Principle 10: Process, Innovation, and Shortcomings
2019
Abstract The adoption in 2018 of the Escazú Agreement by the countries of the Latin American and Caribbean region marks the second regional legal instrument aimed at the implementation of Principle 10 of the 1992 Rio Declaration, joining the Aarhus Convention of the pan-European region. The international community has settled upon the regional level as the appropriate means for implementing standards related to access to information, public participation, and access to justice in environmental matters. The appropriateness of the regional level is demonstrated by the differences and innovations found in the Escazú Agreement, in its scope and definitions, background principles, burden of proo…
The relationship between law, ratified agreement and the EU law in the light of the Polish Constitution and application of the EU law by public admin…
2017
Integración y transformación económica en África: potencial y limitaciones del Área de Libre Comercio Continental Africana
2021
In March 2018, the African Union gave way to the establishment of the African Continental Free Trade Area, the largest area of economic integration in the world by number of countries involved. As of June 2020, 54 out of 55 African Union member countries have already signed the agreement, thus showing an almost complete unanimity on this topic. AfCFTA comes up when industrialisation strategies and economic transformation in Africa seem to have taken over orthodox structural adjustment and post-adjustment approaches. AfCFTA aims to increase the scarce intra-African trade, boost economic transformation, create the regional value chains and help African firms to join the global value chains. I…
Regional Economic Integration in the Southern African Development Community (SADC): Analysing the Dynamics and Performance
2020
This article analyses the dynamics and performance of regional economic integration in the Southern African Development Community (SADC). It proposes an innovative theoretical approach to the analysis of regionalism that refers to cooperation theory and takes the impact of external actors explicitly into account. The motivation for this research stems from the observation of a new wave of regionalism in the Global South. Many of these new or reformed regional integration organisations (RIOs) comprise of developing countries, particularly in Africa. In contrast to expectations of most mainstream integration theories, new regionalisms in the Southern Hemisphere have come into existence and sh…
Akbarian Scepticism in Islam : Qūnawī's Sceptical Arguments from Relativity and Disagreement
2021
This study deals with the sceptical arguments by one of the most important figures in the philosophical Sufi tradition (the Akbarian school) and the foremost disciple of Ibn ʿArabī, Ṣadr al‐Dīn al‐Qūnawī. Though not a sceptic in the strict sense, Qūnawī employs sceptical arguments from relativity of rational knowledge and disagreement among philosophers to prove inefficacy of reason and rational procedures of knowledge in terms of achieving certain knowledge of metaphysical matters, namely of God and the ultimate principles of things. The paper questions Qūnawī's implicit assumption that, if there is disagreement on a proposition p, then p is relative and thus cannot provide certain knowled…
Sull’inquadramento sistematico e sulla natura giuridica degli accordi preventivi per le imprese con attività internazionale e sulla loro estensibilit…
2019
L’articolo intende affrontare tre questioni specifiche che sorgono con riguardo all’istituto degli accordi preventivi per le imprese con attività internazionale. La prima è quella concernente la natura giuridica di tali accordi, che, secondo la dottrina maggioritaria, sarebbe dichiarativa e non negoziale. La seconda riguarda il rapporto esistente fra il nuovo istituto e gli interpelli. Analisi che viene effettuata anche mettendo in risalto i profili di innovazione che gli «accordi preventivi» presentano rispetto al previgente ruling internazionale. La terza concerne la possibilità di estendere gli effetti degli accordi anche all’IVA, con particolare riferimento al problema della stabile org…
La gestione dell’inadempimento contrattuale negli smart contract
2022
Il contributo ha l’obiettivo di prospettare soluzioni giuridiche alla gestione delle sopravvenienze contrattuali negli smart contract, ipotesi che sembra in contrasto con la loro rigida struttura, che dà luogo all’automatica esecuzione degli stessi. Strumentale è anche il confronto con il sistema giuridico tedesco, grazie al quale si avvalora la tesi che gli smart contract non sono una nuova tipologia contrattuale, ma una formazione digitale dello stesso, al quale però vanno applicati sia i principi generali del contratto sia soluzioni giuridiche già esistenti, benchè adattati all’ultima evoluzione tecnologica, sempre più incline alla dematerializzazione del contratto.
International negotiations in the context of the evolution of international relations: theoretical assumptions and observations
2015
The article considers the importance of international negotiations in the context of changes that have been occurring in international relations, especially after the First World War. The article is divided into four sections that show qualitative changes in the international negotiations in the context of changes which indicate progress in the development and deepening of international relations. In the first chapter, I discuss international opportunities that favor the intensification of international negotiations. The second chapter discusses the actors of international negotiations, indicating that with the evolution of international relations, there expanded the circle of influential p…