Search results for "Air Pollutants"

showing 10 items of 207 documents

Prenatal Ambient Air Pollution, Placental Mitochondrial DNA Content, and Birth Weight in the INMA (Spain) and ENVIRONAGE (Belgium) Birth Cohorts

2016

The research leading to these results was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Health (FIS-PI11/00610, FIS-PI041436, FIS-PI081151, FIS-PI042018, and FIS-PI09/02311), the European Union (EU) (FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957 and HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1), the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041, FIS-FEDER 03/1615, 04/1509, 04/1112, 04/1931, 05/1079, 05/1052, 06/1213, 07/0314, 09/02647, 11/01007, 11/02591, CP11/00178, FIS-PI06/0867, and FIS-PS09/00090), the Conselleria de Sanitat Generalitat Valenciana, the Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT (1999SGR 00241), the Obre Social Cajastur, the Universidad de Oviedo, the Department of Health of the Basque Government (2005111093 and 2009111069),…

0301 basic medicinePediatrics:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Birth Weight [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::Growth and Development::Morphogenesis::Embryonic and Fetal Development::Fetal Development [Medical Subject Headings]Health Toxicology and MutagenesisPlacentaEspañaPhysiology:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Growth Disorders::Fetal Growth Retardation [Medical Subject Headings]ADN mitocondrial010501 environmental sciencesMitochondrion01 natural sciencesFetal DevelopmentBélgicaPregnancyBirth Weightskin and connective tissue diseasesPeso al nacerNews | Science SelectionsMitocondrias:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Cells::Cellular Structures::Intracellular Space::Cytoplasm::Cytoplasmic Structures::Organelles::Mitochondria [Medical Subject Headings]2. Zero hunger:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]Air PollutantsAmbient air pollutionAire -- ContaminacióFemenino3. Good healthmedicine.anatomical_structureMaternal ExposureFemaleBirth cohort:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Environmental Pollution::Air Pollution [Medical Subject Headings]Mitochondrial DNAmedicine.medical_specialtyModelos LinealesEmbarazoBirth weightInfants -- DesenvolupamentBiology:Chemicals and Drugs::Inorganic Chemicals::Gases::Nitrogen Oxides::Nitrogen Dioxide [Medical Subject Headings]DNA Mitochondrial:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Structures::Genome::Genome Components::Genes::Genes Mitochondrial [Medical Subject Headings]03 medical and health sciencesAir pollutantsPlacentaAir PollutionmedicineHumans:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Belgium [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Models Statistical::Linear Models [Medical Subject Headings]Contaminación del aire0105 earth and related environmental sciencesRetardo del crecimiento fetal:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleic Acids::DNA::DNA Circular::DNA Mitochondrial [Medical Subject Headings]Genes mitocondrialesPregnancyPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthDesarrollo fetalmedicine.disease:Anatomy::Embryonic Structures::Placenta [Medical Subject Headings]030104 developmental biology:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]13. Climate actionSpainsense organsDióxido de nitrógeno
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Effects of air pollution particles (ultrafine and fine particulate matter) on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress – Implications for cardiova…

2020

Environmental pollution is a major cause of global mortality and burden of disease. All chemical pollution forms together may be responsible for up to 12 million annual excess deaths as estimated by the Lancet Commission on pollution and health as well as the World Health Organization. Ambient air pollution by particulate matter (PM) and ozone was found to be associated with an all-cause mortality rate of up to 9 million in the year 2015, with the majority being of cerebro- and cardiovascular nature (e.g. stroke and ischemic heart disease). Recent evidence suggests that exposure to airborne particles and gases contributes to and accelerates neurodegenerative diseases. Especially, airborne t…

0301 basic medicinePollutionmedia_common.quotation_subjectBiophysicsAir pollutionEnvironmental pollutionDiseasemedicine.disease_causeBiochemistry03 medical and health sciencesEnvironmental healthMedicineAnimalsHumansEnvironmental risk factorsNeurodegenerationMolecular Biologymedia_commonMitochondrial damage and dysfunctionAir Pollutants030102 biochemistry & molecular biologybusiness.industryMortality rateNeurodegenerationNeurodegenerative DiseasesParticulatesmedicine.diseaseCardiovascular diseaseMitochondriaOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologyCardiovascular DiseasesAmbient air pollution; Cardiovascular disease; Environmental risk factors; Mitochondrial damage and dysfunction; Neurodegeneration; Particulate matter; Air Pollutants; Animals; Cardiovascular Diseases; Humans; Mitochondria; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Oxidative Stress; Particulate MatterParticulate MatterAmbient air pollutionbusinessOxidative stress
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Impact on Air Quality of the COVID-19 Lockdown in the Urban Area of Palermo (Italy).

2020

At the end of 2019, the first cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) were reported in Wuhan, China. Thereafter, the number of infected people increased rapidly, and the outbreak turned into a national crisis, with infected individuals all over the country. The COVID-19 global pandemic produced extreme changes in human behavior that affected air quality. Human mobility and production activities decreased significantly, and many regions recorded significant reductions in air pollution. The goal of our investigation was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on the concentrations of the main air pollutants in the urban area of Palermo (Italy). In this study, the trends in the average…

2019-20 coronavirus outbreak010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Urban PopulationHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPneumonia ViralAir pollutionlcsh:Medicine010501 environmental sciencesUrban areamedicine.disease_cause01 natural sciencesArticleSettore BIO/01 - Botanica GeneralelockdownAir pollutantsEnvironmental healthAir PollutionmedicineHumansAir quality indexPandemics0105 earth and related environmental sciencesgeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorylcsh:RPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthOutbreakCOVID-19Particulatesair qualityurban environmentCO–NO2–O3–PM10Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica E VulcanologiaAir quality COVID-19 CO–NO2–O3–PM10 Lockdown Urban environmentItalyQuarantineEnvironmental scienceCoronavirus InfectionsInternational journal of environmental research and public health
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Lymphocyte subpopulations in solvent-exposed workers.

1986

To estimate the cellular immune response of workers highly exposed to mixtures of organic solvents, subpopulations of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) were analyzed. For this, the PBLs of nine floorers (aged 25–58 years, exposure time 8–35 years) were subsequently labelled with monoclonal antibodies OKT 4, OKT 8, OKT 11, anti-Leu 7 and anti-Leu 12. Analysis was made by a FACS IV cell sorter (Becton-Dickinson, USA). The control group consisted of matched pairs of healthy donors. In the exposed group we found a decrease in the OKT 11 (all) T cell fraction, a decrease in the OKT 4 helper cells, an increase in the anti-Leu 7 positive cells, mostly natural killer cells, an important increase …

AdultCellular immunityImmunity CellularLymphocytosismedicine.drug_classT cellLymphocytePublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthAir Pollutants OccupationalBiologyMiddle AgedMonoclonal antibodymedicine.diseaseImmune systemmedicine.anatomical_structureImmunologymedicineSolventsHumansLymphocytesmedicine.symptomAplastic anemiaImmunodeficiencyInternational archives of occupational and environmental health
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Mechanical–biological waste treatment and the associated occupational hygiene in Finland

2004

A special feature of waste management in Finland has been the emphasis on the source separation of kitchen biowaste (catering waste); more than two-thirds of the Finnish population participates in this separation. Source-separated biowaste is usually treated by composting. The biowaste of about 5% of the population is handled by mechanical-biological treatment. A waste treatment plant at Mustasaari is the only plant in Finland using digestion for kitchen biowaste. For the protection of their employees, the plant owners commissioned a study on environmental factors and occupational hygiene in the plant area. During 1998-2000 the concentrations of dust, microbes and endotoxins and noise level…

AdultEngineeringbusiness.product_categoryThreshold limit valuePopulationAir MicrobiologyAir Pollutants OccupationalOccupational safety and healthWaste ManagementOccupational hygieneOccupational ExposureBiological wasteHumansRespiratoreducationWaste Management and DisposalFinlandOccupational Healtheducation.field_of_studyWaste managementbusiness.industryDry coughTemperatureDustHumidityEndotoxinsWaste treatmentNoise OccupationalbusinessWaste Management
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Human exposure and risk assessment to airborne pesticides in a rural French community

2016

Abstract Outdoor air samples collected during the pesticide agricultural application period (spring and summer) from a rural community in the Centre Region (France) were analyzed to investigate temporal variation of atmospheric pesticide levels (2006–2013) and human inhalation exposure in adults, children and infants. The most frequently detected pesticides were herbicides (trifluralin, pendimethalin), fungicides (chlorothalonil) and insecticides (lindane and α-endosulfan). The three currently-used pesticides most frequently detected presented concentrations ranging from 0.18 to 1128.38 ng m − 3 ; 0.13 to 117.32 ng m − 3 and 0.16 to 25.80 ng m − 3 for chlorothalonil, pendimethalin and trifl…

AdultEnvironmental Engineering010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences010501 environmental sciencesRisk Assessment01 natural sciencesToxicologychemistry.chemical_compoundHumansEnvironmental ChemistryMedicinePesticidesChildWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesExposure assessmentInhalation exposureAir PollutantsInhalation ExposureChlorothalonilbusiness.industryInfantTrifluralinPesticidePollutionHazard quotientPendimethalinchemistryFranceSeasonsLindanebusinessEnvironmental MonitoringScience of The Total Environment
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Biological monitoring of welders exposed to aluminium

2005

To evaluate an adequate strategy for biological monitoring of aluminium (Al), a group of 62 Al welders (age in 1999: 23-51 years, median 35 years) was surveyed annually from 1999 to 2003 by determination of pre- and post-shift Al in urine and plasma. Biomonitoring was supplemented by personal air measurements of the total dust concentration. The welders' internal exposure was compared to the exposure of 60 non-exposed assembly workers (age in 1999: 21-51 years, median: 36 years) who were surveyed in 1999, 2001 and 2003. Having a nearly constant dust exposure, median concentrations of Al in urine (Al in plasma) of the welders decreased from 40.1 microg/g to 19.8 microg/g creatinine (8.7 to 4…

AdultInhalation ExposureCreatinineChemistryDustAir Pollutants OccupationalGeneral MedicineUrineElimination kineticsMiddle AgedToxicologyBioavailabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundAnimal scienceOccupational ExposureEnvironmental chemistryBiomonitoringCorrelation analysisHumansWeldingDust exposureAluminumEnvironmental MonitoringToxicology Letters
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Internal exposure of firefighting instructors to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during live fire training

2019

Firefighting instructors in live fire training are inevitably exposed to emissions containing, carcinogenic PAH. The study investigated PAH uptake in a group of firefighting instructors during short-term exposure in live fire training by urinary biomonitoring. Six firefighting instructors (non-smokers) completed five 2 h-training sessions each in a carbonaceous-fired simulation unit using self-containing breathing apparatuses (SCBA). Complying with a minimum time interval of six days between the individual training sessions, the participants provided urine samples before and immediately after, as well as 1, 3, 6, 9, 11, and 18 h after each training session. Samples were analyzed for 10 mono…

AdultMale0301 basic medicineSkin AbsorptionMetaboliteeducationPoison controlFirefightingAir Pollutants OccupationalUrineToxicologyFiresExcretion03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineAnimal scienceOccupational ExposureBiomonitoringHumansPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsRespiratory Protective DevicesSkinChemistryTeachingGeneral MedicinePhenanthrene030104 developmental biologyFirefightersPyrene030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEnvironmental MonitoringToxicology Letters
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An experimental model for the exposure of human ciliated cells to sulfur dioxide at different concentrations

1994

Mucociliary transport is an important nonimmunological defense mechanism of the respiratory tract. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sulfur dioxide (SO2) at different concentrations on ciliary beat frequency (CBF). Ciliated cells were obtained from 12 volunteers by nose brush. CBF was quantified using video-interference microscopy. The cells were placed on a polycarbonate membrane in contact with the surface of a reservoir filled with RPMI 1640 (bicarbonate buffered) or Ringer's (electrolyte) solution, allowing the cells to be supplied by capillarity. In an exposure chamber the cells were exposed for 30 min to SO2 2.5-12.5 ppm at 37 degrees C and 100% air humidity. SO2 …

AdultMaleBicarbonateElectrolytechemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansSulfur DioxideCiliaCells CulturedGenetics (clinical)Sulfur dioxideAir PollutantsChromatographyExperimental modelGeneral MedicineAnatomyHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationNasal Mucosamedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryCell cultureToxicityMolecular MedicineRespiratory epitheliumFemaleRespiratory tractThe Clinical Investigator
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Effects of Heat Waves on Mortality

2013

Heat waves and air pollution are both associated with increased mortality. Their joint effects are less well understood.We explored the role of air pollution in modifying the effects of heat waves on mortality, within the EuroHEAT project. Daily mortality, meteorologic, and air pollution data from nine European cities for the years 1990-2004 were assembled. We defined heat waves by taking both intensity and duration into account. The city-specific effects of heat wave episodes were estimated using generalized estimating equation models, adjusting for potential confounders with and without inclusion of air pollutants (particles, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide, carbon monoxide). To …

AdultMaleHot TemperatureTime FactorsOzoneAdolescentDatabases FactualEpidemiologyNitrogen DioxideAir pollutionmedicine.disease_causeAtmospheric sciencesEffect Modifier EpidemiologicToxicologyYoung Adultchemistry.chemical_compoundOzoneAir pollutantsAir PollutionmedicineHumansSulfur DioxideNitrogen dioxideCitiesMortalityChildWeatherAgedAged 80 and overAir PollutantsCarbon MonoxideConfoundingInfantConfounding Factors EpidemiologicMiddle AgedHeat waveParticulatesEuropechemistryChild PreschoolEnvironmental scienceFemaleParticulate MatterEffect modificationEpidemiology
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