Search results for "Albuminuria"
showing 10 items of 154 documents
Elevated serum leptin concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria
1999
Leptin levels are elevated in end-stage renal disease, suggesting an impairment of renal leptin degradation. The present study aimed to determine whether leptin levels are also elevated in patients with earlier stages of renal disease, ie, microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric nephropathy. A total of 60 subjects were assigned to two study groups. Group A contained 10 type 2 diabetics with macroalbuminuria, 10 type 2 diabetics with normoalbuminuria, and 10 healthy control subjects. Group B contained 10 type 2 diabetics with microalbuminuria, 10 type 2 diabetics with normoalbuminuria, and 10 healthy controls. The subgroups of both study groups were matched for sex and body fatness. In group A…
When kidneys and lungs suffer together
2018
A significant interaction between kidneys and lungs has been shown in physiological and pathological conditions. The two organs can both be targets of the same systemic disease (eg., some vasculitides). Moreover, loss of normal function of either of them can induce direct and indirect dysregulation of the other one. Subjects suffering from COPD may have systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, endothelial dysfunction, increased sympathetic activation and increased aortic stiffness. As well as the exposure to nicotine, all the foresaid factors can induce a microvascular damage, albuminuria, and a worsening of renal function. Renal failure in COPD can be unrecognized since elderly and frail patients…
SHORT-TERM VARIABILITY OF 24-H SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE IS ASSOCIATED WITH MICROALBUMINURIA IN PATIENTS WITH PRIMARY HYPERTENSION
2015
Introduction: Limited and conflicting data are available about the association between short-term blood pressure (BP) variability and urinary albumin excretion rate (uAER). Aim: To analyse the relationships between microalbuminuria, defined as an uAER between 20 and 200 lg/min, and short-term BP variability, assessed as average real variability (ARV), weighted standard deviation (SD) of 24-h BP, and as SD of daytime and nighttime BP. Methods: The study population consisted of 316 untreated essential hypertensive patients with normal estimated glomerular filtration rate ([60 ml/min/1.73m2), which underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring and 24-h uAER determination. Results: Microalbuminuria w…
Genome-wide Association Studies Identify Genetic Loci Associated with Albuminuria in Diabetes
2016
Elevated concentrations of albumin in the urine, albuminuria, are a hallmark of diabetic kidney disease and are associated with an increased risk for end-stage renal disease and cardiovascular events. To gain insight into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying albuminuria, we conducted meta-analyses of genome-wide association studies and independent replication in up to 5,825 individuals of European ancestry with diabetes and up to 46,061 without diabetes, followed by functional studies. Known associations of variants in CUBN, encoding cubilin, with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) were confirmed in the overall sample (P = 2.4 × 10−10). Gene-by-diabetes interactions were…
Downregulation of miR-31 in Diabetic Nephropathy and its Relationship with Inflammation
2018
Background/Aims: There is a lack of reliable biological markers for the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) during type 2 diabetes. In this pilot study we aim to assess whether miR-31 levels are modulated by the presence of DN and whether the expression of this miRNA is related to leukocyte-endothelial interactions and inflammation. Methods: Thirty-one T2D patients were enrolled in this pilot study; 18 with no diabetic complications and 13 with diabetic nephropathy. 24 non-diabetic subjects and 13 T2D patients with retinopathy (absent of other complications) were included to test the specificity of miR-31. Following anthropometric and biochemical evaluation, serum miR-31 levels wer…
Urinary exosome miR-146a is a potential marker of albuminuria in essential hypertension
2018
Abstract Background There is increasing interest in using extracellular vesicle-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers in renal dysfunction and injury. Preliminary evidence indicates that miRNAs regulate the progression of glomerular disease. Indeed, exosomes from the renal system have provided novel evidence in the clinical setting of albuminuria. Thus, the aim of this study was to quantify the urinary miRNAs present in exosome and microvesicles (MVs), and to assess their association with the presence of increased urinary albumin excretion in essential hypertension. Methods Exosomes were collected from urine specimens from a cohort of hypertensive patients with (n = 24) or without albumi…
Retinal and choroidal vasculature changes associated with chronic kidney disease
2018
Retinal and choroidal microvascular changes can be related to renal impairment in hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study examines the association between retinochoroidal parameters and renal impairment in hypertensive, non-diabetic patients. This is a cross-sectional study on Caucasian patients with systemic arterial hypertension with different levels of renal function. All subjects were studied by blood chemistry, urine examination, microalbuminuria and blood pressure. Complete eye examination was completed with swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) scans of macular region. Patients were divided in groups: L…
The dapagliflozin and prevention of adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (DAPA-CKD) trial: baseline characteristics
2020
Abstract Background The Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease (DAPA-CKD; NCT03036150) trial was designed to assess the effect of the sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin on kidney and cardiovascular events in participants with CKD with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). This analysis reports the baseline characteristics of those recruited, comparing them with those enrolled in other trials. Methods In DAPA-CKD, 4304 participants with a urinary albumin:creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥200 mg/g and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) between 25 and 75 mL/min/1.73 m2 were randomized to dapagliflozin 10 mg once daily or placebo. Me…
Enhanced glomerular Toll-like receptor 4 expression and signaling in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and microalbuminuria
2014
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a component of the innate immune system, is recognized to promote tubulointerstitial inflammation in overt diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, there is no information on immune activation in resident renal cells at an early stage of human DN. In order to investigate this, we studied TLR4 gene and protein expression and TLR4 downward signaling in kidney biopsies of 12 patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria, and compared them with 11 patients with overt DN, 10 with minimal change disease (MCD), and control kidneys from 13 patients undergoing surgery for a small renal mass. Both in microalbuminuria and in overt DN, TLR4 mRNA and protein were overexpress…
Usefulness of microalbuminuria in cardiovascular risk stratification of essential hypertensive patients
2004
<i>Background/Aims:</i> To evaluate the influence of microalbuminuria (albumin excretion rate – AER) determination and echocardiography (ECHO) on cardiovascular risk stratification, initially performed according the 1999 WHO/ISH guidelines by using only routine diagnostic procedures with or without fundal examination. <i>Methods:</i> 312 essential hypertensives attending our institution were studied retrospectively. Cardiovascular risk was assessed in a semiquantitative way using four categories of absolute cardiovascular disease risk (low, medium, high and very high risk), as proposed by the 1999 WHO/ISH guidelines, on the basis of data on the average 10-year risk o…