Search results for "Alcohol"
showing 10 items of 1798 documents
Advancing the global public health agenda for NAFLD: a consensus statement
2021
Digital
Recent advances on stearoyl-Coa desaturase regulation in fatty liver diseases.
2012
Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1) is a delta-9 fatty acid desaturase that catalyzes the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Indeed, SCD-1 is the critical control point regulating hepatic lipogenesis and lipid oxidation. Due to its central role in lipid metabolism in the liver, recent studies have focused on the involvement of SCD-1 in the development of fatty liver during obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, excessive alcohol consumption, and in subjects with high triglyceride blood concentrations. The accumulation of fat in liver cells can be a sign that harmful conditions are developing, possibly associated with or leading to inflammation of the liver. This review evaluates the…
Neurobiological and Clinical Variables Associated with Alcohol Abuse in Bulimia Nervosa
2015
The study was aimed at analysing the reciprocal relationships of several clinical and neurobiological items in order to predict alcohol misuse in patients with bulimia nervosa (BN). Seventy BN patients and 70 healthy controls were assessed for depression, impulsivity, borderline personality traits and self-defeating behaviours using specific scales; serum cortisol and 24-hour urinary excretion of serotonin and 5-hydroxiindolacetic acid were also assessed. The study confirmed the implications of these clinical factors for alcohol misuse in BN patients, but the results suggested that depressive symptoms and hypercortisolism could lie behind these relationships.
Blood alcohol concentration for monitoring ethanol treatment to prevent alcohol withdrawal in the intensive care unit.
2001
Abstract Objective. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) is a serious complication during postoperative treatment in chronic alcoholics. Despite prophylactic treatment, AWS occurs in at least 25% of these patients after elective surgery. An established protocol for the prevention of AWS is ethanol administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible differences in ethanol dose and levels between successfully treated patients and those who developed AWS. Design. Prospective, observational study with retrospective post hoc analysis. Setting. Intensive care unit (ICU). Patients. Thirty-two alcohol-dependent patients undergoing elective or emergency surgery after trauma with postoperativ…
Impact of the anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking on the prevalence of advanced oral cancer in Brazil
2018
Background To evaluate the prevalence of oral cancer in Brazil according to the clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking. Material and Methods Data referring to 31,217 cases of oral cancer, from 2000 to 2010, were obtained from the Integrator Module of the Hospital Registry of Cancer. Inconsistent data (“non-classified” cases) was eliminated and 21,160 cases were analyzed. The frequency distribution according to clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking was analyzed descriptively and through a binary logistic regression model (α<0.05). The clinical stage (dependent variable) was dichotomized in early stage (I and II) or advanced stage (III and IV). The y…
Associations between parenting and substance use, meal pattern and food choices: A cross-sectional survey of 13,269 Norwegian adolescents
2019
Identifying factors that affect adolescent lifestyle behaviors is essential in order to develop effective generic prevention approaches. This study aimed to investigate the association between parental monitoring, parental emotional support, parental-adolescent conflict and adolescent substance use, meal pattern and food choices. The study included data from 13,269 Norwegian adolescents aged 13–16 years collected in 2016. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for gender, age and parental education were applied. Results show that low parental monitoring was associated with increased substance use (Odds ratios (OR) ranging from 2.8; 95% Confidence intervals (CI) 2.1–3.6 to OR 3.8;…
Binge Drinking among adolescents is related to the development of Alcohol Use Disorders: results from a Cross-Sectional Study
2018
AbstractBinge drinking (BD) is a common pattern of alcohol consumption among adolescents. At present few data are available on the possible relationship between BD and alcohol use disorders (AUD) in adolescents. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of BD and relationship between BD behavior and AUD among adolescents. A total of 2704 students attending 10 purposively selected high schools from three Italian provinces were surveyed. Questionnaires regarding socio-demographic data, pattern and amount of alcohol intake, smoking habits, use of illicit drugs, and physical activity were administered. AUD and affective disorders were also evaluated. Alcohol intake was reported by 2126…
May Measurement Month 2018 : an analysis of blood pressure screening campaign results from Poland
2020
Abstract Hypertension remains the most important cardiovascular risk factor in Poland. May Measurement Month is a global initiative organized by the International Society of Hypertension aimed at raising awareness of hypertension and the need for blood pressure (BP) screening and demonstrating the potential of the opportunistic BP measurements. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 was carried out in 146 sites in May 2018. Blood pressure was measured in 6450 subjects (mean age: 41 ± 15 years; 59% females). After multiple imputation, the age and sex standardized systolic and diastolic BP was 126.7/78.4 mmHg in the whole analysed group, 132.8/81.3 mmHg in subjects tak…
Non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy: From MRI findings of a case to differential diagnosis checklist
2018
Wernicke's encephalopathy is a serious neurological disorder secondary to thiamine deficiency in alcoholics. However, rarely it affects non-alcoholics. Here we present a case of Wernicke's encephalopathy in a non-alcoholic 56-year-old female, treated by endoscopic surgery for a duodenal ulcer two years before. She came to our attention for a sudden onset of a neurological syndrome characterized by visual deficits, diplopia, confusion, spatial disorientation and loss of short-term memory. An MRI scan showed the typical MRI findings of Wernicke's encephalopathy, which are discussed together with the possible differential diagnosis.