Search results for "Alcohol"
showing 10 items of 1798 documents
Environmental enrichment reverts the effects of continuous or intermittent perinatal alcohol exposure. Focus on alcohol vulnerability and affectivity…
2015
Alcohol consumption during perinatal periods is common, despite the warning of adverse effects on the foetal development. In female rats, the intermittent pattern of alcohol consumption is responsible for higher drinking levels and more profound disruption of maternal care than traditional continuous free-access paradigm, which can have persistent effects on the offspring. The environmental enrichment, a powerful form of experience-dependent plasticity that allows high cognitive, motor and sensory stimulations, is helpful for recovering from different neurological pathologies. Thus, this study aimed at exploring the effects of environmental enrichment on alcohol vulnerability and affective …
Aroma release in the oral cavity after wine intake is influenced by wine matrix composition
2018
The aim of this study has been to investigate if wine matrix composition might influence the interaction between odorants and oral mucosa in the oral cavity during a “wine intake-like” situation. Aroma released after exposing the oral cavity of three individuals to different wines (n = 12) previously spiked with six target aromas was followed by an -in vivo intra-oral SPME approach. Results showed a significant effect of wine matrix composition on the intra-oral aroma release of certain odorants. Among the wine matrix parameters, phenolic compounds showed the largest impact. This effect was dependent on their chemical structure. Some phenolic acids (e.g. hippuric, caffeic) were associated t…
Occurrence and risk assessment of mycotoxins, acrylamide, and furan in Latvian beer.
2018
This work reports data on the occurrence of nine mycotoxins and two food processing contaminants - acrylamide and furan - in a total of 100 beers produced in Latvia. Mycotoxins were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry, acrylamide by HPLC coupled with quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometry, and furan by headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The most frequently occurring mycotoxins were HT-2 and deoxynivalenol (DON), which were detected in 52% and 51% of the analysed samples. The highest content was observed for DON, reaching the maximum of 248 µg kg-1. Furan was ubiquitous, and 74% of the samples contained acrylamid…
Flow cytometric analysis of concanavalin A binding to isolated Golgi fractions from rat liver.
1993
Flow cytometry (FCM) has been used repeatedly to study lectin binding to whole cells. However, there are very few attempts to analyze glycoconjugates in isolated subcellular organelles. We have applied FCM to quantitate the specific binding of fluorescein-conjugated concanavalin A (FITC-Con A) to isolated cis and trans fractions of rat liver Golgi complex, the cell compartment involved in glycoprotein maturation and sorting. Our results show similar intensities of Con A-specific binding in the two fractions. Using this method we show a decreased FITC-Con A binding to both Golgi fractions in ethanol-treated rats, which is consistent to previous work on alcoholic effects on galactosyltransfer…
The pesticides use and the risk for head and neck cancer: A review of case-control studies
2020
Background Tobacco, alcohol consumption, and HPV infection are the most common risk factors for head and neck cancer (HNC). Despite of this, recent evidences are growing on the association between long-term exposure to pesticides and the risk of chronic diseases, including different types of cancer. The present review evaluated in current literature evidence of an association between exposure to pesticides and the occurrence of HNCs. Material and Methods A literature search of the case-control studies was conducted in the PubMed, Web of science and Cochrane databases. Methodological quality of each study was rated with the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN 50) checklist. Res…
Influence of Burnout and Feelings of Guilt on Depression and Health in Anesthesiologists
2020
Background and objective: The WHO has included burnout as an occupational phenomenon in the ICD-11. According to the WHO, burnout is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of feelings of guilt and burnout on health in Polish anesthesiologists. Alcohol and tobacco intake, psychosomatic disorders, and depression were assessed. Methods: The study had a non&ndash
Perfiles de consumo intensivo de alcohol en jóvenes
2012
Un fenómeno que en España favorece el actual patrón de consumo de alcohol juvenil es el botellón. A partir de una investigación financiada por el Plan Nacional sobre Drogas (2004-2007), se recogieron datos de 6.009 jóvenes entre 14 y 25 años en Alicante,Castellón y Valencia, considerando para este trabajo a los 2.807 jóvenes que realizan episodios de consumo intensivo de alcohol. Se han identificado cuatro grupos distintos de consumidores de riesgo intensivos en función de la edad, sexo, cantidad de alcohol consumida y años de consumo con perfiles característicos. De los principales resultados de la investigación, que se resumen a continuación, se concluye que no todos los jóvenes que reali…
Consumo de alcohol juvenil: una visión desde diferentes colectivos.
2010
En este trabajo se estudian diferentes colectivos relacionados con el botellón evaluando su acercamiento a la realidad de este fenómeno e identificando sus necesidades de intervención. Se ha preguntado a 4083 jóvenes (14-25 años), 212 padres y 63 policías de Valencia qué entienden por botellón, las consecuencias asociadas al mismo, y las alternativas que piensan que paliarían este fenómeno. Policías y jóvenes aluden principalmente a consumir alcohol con amigos. Policías y padres destacan las consecuencias sociales negativas del consumo juvenil, mientras los jóvenes ven consecuencias positivas (socialización) y no lo asocian con problemas personales o de rendimiento. Las alternativas propues…
Creencias asociadas al consumo intensivo de alcohol entre adolescentes
2011
Objetivos y método En este trabajo se evalúan diferentes determinantes cognitivos que llevan a 136 estudiantes de enseñanza secundaria (Media=16.6 años; d.t.=1.17 años) a realizar un consumo intensivo de alcohol (>60 g. varones y >40 g. mujeres, en 2 horas), utilizando como marco de referencia la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado (Ajzen, 1985). Resultados En líneas generales, se aprecia una sobreestimación de consecuencias positivas derivadas de este consumo unido a una infravaloración del deterioro psicosocial. También destaca la falsa percepción de control sobre la conducta, a pesar de llegar a reconocer su incapacidad para manejarla en situaciones puntuales, y el influjo intermedio q…
Aspectos cognitivos relacionados con la práctica del botellón en universitarios y adolescentes
2008
El presente estudio analiza los motivos de los jóvenes para realizar botellón y consumir alcohol en el mismo, y los efectos que esperan tras este consumo, en función de la edad e ingesta realizada. Se elaboró una encuesta que cumplimentaron 4.083 jóvenes (1.361 universitarios-2.722 adolescentes) en sus centros docentes, presentándose datos de los 2.917 que hacen botellón. Un análisis de conglomerados, en función de la regularidad de la conducta y la cantidad de alcohol consumida, muestra dos tipos de consumidores en cada grupo: radicales (21.2% universitarios-18.2% adolescentes): ingieren 10-11 consumiciones, 3 días a la semana y más de 10 meses al año, y medios (78.7% universitarios-81.7% …