Search results for "Algebra"

showing 10 items of 4129 documents

Two simple criteria to estimate an objective's performance when imaging in non design tissue clearing solutions

2019

Tissue clearing techniques are undergoing a renaissance motivated by the need to image fluorescent neurons, and other cells, deep in the sample without physical sectioning. Optical transparency is achieved by equilibrating tissues with high refractive index (RI) solutions. When the microscope objective is not perfectly matched to the RI of the cleared sample, aberrations are introduced. We present two simple-to-calculate numerical criteria predicting: (i) the degradation in image quality (brightness and resolution) from optimal conditions of any clearing solution/objective combination; (ii) which objective, among several available, achieves the highest resolution in a given medium. We deriv…

0301 basic medicineBrightnessMicroscopeDeconvolution; Fluorescence; Microscopy; Neuron; Serial optical sectioning; Spherical aberration; Tissue clearingComputer scienceImage qualitySample (material)DeconvolutionFluorescencelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)lawSerial optical sectioningMicroscopyFluorescence microscopeMicroscopistSpherical aberrationColoring AgentsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaNeuronsMicroscopyTissue clearingGeneral NeuroscienceMicroscopy Tissue clearing Fluorescence Neuron Spherical aberration Serial optical sectioning DeconvolutionNeuronFluorescenceRefractometrySpherical aberration030104 developmental biologyMicroscopy FluorescenceDeconvolutionAlgorithm030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTissue clearing
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On the minimal number of singular fibers with non-compact Jacobians for families of curves over P1

2016

Abstract Let f : X → P 1 be a non-isotrivial family of semi-stable curves of genus g ≥ 1 defined over an algebraically closed field k. Denote by s nc the number of the singular fibers whose Jacobians are non-compact. We prove that s nc ≥ 5 if k = C and g ≥ 5 ; we also prove that s nc ≥ 4 if char ( k ) > 0 and the relative Jacobian of f is non-smooth.

0301 basic medicineDiscrete mathematicsPure mathematicsApplied MathematicsGeneral Mathematics010102 general mathematics01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeMathematics::Algebraic Geometry030104 developmental biologyGenus (mathematics)Jacobian matrix and determinantFamily of curvessymbols0101 mathematicsAlgebraically closed fieldMathematicsJournal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées
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Application of modern computer algebra systems in food formulations and development: A case study

2017

Abstract Background Nutritional security determines the level of public health within a population while inadequate nutrition is one of the major factors in development of various health problems. This can be alleviated with sufficient and affordable access to currently available or newly designed nutritious foods. Scope and approach Formulation of new foods can be very costly, so methods able to lower design expanses are of utmost importance to the industry. Hence, the purpose of this work was to rationalize utilization of modern computerized algebraic systems (CAS) in solving traditional problems for formulating food mixtures by food combinatoric principles (FCP). Key findings and conclus…

0301 basic medicineEngineering[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/BiotechnologyIndustrial production[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]PopulationFood combinatoric principles ; Food design of composite product ; Calculation of mixes ; Food formulation ; Computer algebra system ; PTC MathCAD03 medical and health sciences0404 agricultural biotechnologyDevelopment (topology)Calculation of mixesProduction (economics)Operations management[SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process EngineeringPTC MathCADeducation2. Zero hungereducation.field_of_study030109 nutrition & dieteticsScope (project management)Food combinatoric principlesbusiness.industryScale (chemistry)04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesSymbolic computation040401 food scienceFood formulationRisk analysis (engineering)Key (cryptography)Computer algebra systemFood design of composite productbusiness[SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and NutritionFood ScienceBiotechnology
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Generalized Molecular Descriptors Derived From Event-Based Discrete Derivative.

2016

In the present study, a generalized approach for molecular structure characterization is introduced, based on the relation frequency matrix (F) representation of the molecular graph and the subsequent calculation of the corresponding discrete derivative (finite difference) over a pair of elements (atoms). In earlier publications (22- 24), an unique event, named connected subgraphs, (based on the Kier-Hall's subgraphs) was systematically employed for the computation of the matrix F. The present report is a generalization of this notion, in which eleven additional events are introduced, classified in three categories, namely, topological (terminal paths, vertex path incidence, quantum subgrap…

0301 basic medicinePharmacologyVertex (graph theory)Discrete mathematicsBasis (linear algebra)Bioinformatics01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMatrix (mathematics)030104 developmental biologychemistryModels ChemicalMolecular descriptorDrug DiscoveryPath (graph theory)Molecular graphRepresentation (mathematics)FuransAlgorithmsSoftwareEvent (probability theory)Current pharmaceutical design
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KnotGenome: a server to analyze entanglements of chromosomes.

2018

Abstract The KnotGenome server enables the topological analysis of chromosome model data using three-dimensional coordinate files of chromosomes as input. In particular, it detects prime and composite knots in single chromosomes, and links between chromosomes. The knotting complexity of the chromosome is presented in the form of a matrix diagram that reveals the knot type of the entire polynucleotide chain and of each of its subchains. Links are determined by means of the Gaussian linking integral and the HOMFLY-PT polynomial. Entangled chromosomes are presented graphically in an intuitive way. It is also possible to relax structure with short molecular dynamics runs before the analysis. Kn…

0301 basic medicinePolynomialProtein ConformationGaussianPolynucleotidesBiologyType (model theory)Molecular Dynamics SimulationPrime (order theory)ChromosomesQuantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeMatrix (mathematics)Knot (unit)Chain (algebraic topology)GeneticsDiscrete mathematicsInternetDiagramComputational BiologyMathematics::Geometric TopologyQuantitative Biology::Genomics030104 developmental biologyWeb Server IssuesymbolsAlgorithmsSoftwareNucleic acids research
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Sustained oscillations in the MAP kinase cascade.

2016

Abstract The MAP kinase cascade is a network of enzymatic reactions arranged in layers. In each layer occurs a multiple futile cycle of phosphorylations. The fully phosphorylated substrate then serves as an enzyme for the layer below. This paper focuses on the existence of parameters for which Hopf bifurcations occur and generate periodic orbits. Furthermore it is explained how geometric singular perturbation theory allows to generalize results from simple models to more complex ones.

0301 basic medicineStatistics and ProbabilitySingular perturbationDynamical systems theoryMolecular Networks (q-bio.MN)Dynamical Systems (math.DS)MAP kinase cascadeGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyQuantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakeSimple (abstract algebra)Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)FOS: MathematicsQuantitative Biology - Molecular NetworksSustained oscillationsMathematics - Dynamical SystemsHopf bifurcationPhysics030102 biochemistry & molecular biologyGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyFutile cycleApplied MathematicsQuantitative Biology::Molecular NetworksGeneral Medicine030104 developmental biologyClassical mechanicsMathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEsModeling and SimulationFOS: Biological sciencessymbolsPeriodic orbitsGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesMathematical biosciences
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QuBiLS-MAS, open source multi-platform software for atom- and bond-based topological (2D) and chiral (2.5D) algebraic molecular descriptors computati…

2017

Background In previous reports, Marrero-Ponce et al. proposed algebraic formalisms for characterizing topological (2D) and chiral (2.5D) molecular features through atom- and bond-based ToMoCoMD-CARDD (acronym for Topological Molecular Computational Design-Computer Aided Rational Drug Design) molecular descriptors. These MDs codify molecular information based on the bilinear, quadratic and linear algebraic forms and the graph-theoretical electronic-density and edge-adjacency matrices in order to consider atom- and bond-based relations, respectively. These MDs have been successfully applied in the screening of chemical compounds of different therapeutic applications ranging from antimalarials…

0301 basic medicineTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceBilinear interpolationLibrary and Information SciencesTopologyLinear01 natural scienceslcsh:ChemistryToMoCoMD-CARDDDouble stochastic03 medical and health sciencesMatrix (mathematics)SoftwareQuadratic equationMolecular descriptorAtom/bond-based molecular descriptorPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAlgebraic numberSimple stochasticFree and open source softwarelcsh:T58.5-58.64lcsh:Information technologybusiness.industryQSARMutual probability matricesComputer Graphics and Computer-Aided DesignRotation formalisms in three dimensions0104 chemical sciencesComputer Science Applications010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry030104 developmental biologylcsh:QD1-999CheminformaticsBilinear and quadratic indicesbusinessNon-stochasticSoftwareQuBiLS-MASJournal of cheminformatics
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Identification of control targets in Boolean molecular network models via computational algebra

2015

Motivation: Many problems in biomedicine and other areas of the life sciences can be characterized as control problems, with the goal of finding strategies to change a disease or otherwise undesirable state of a biological system into another, more desirable, state through an intervention, such as a drug or other therapeutic treatment. The identification of such strategies is typically based on a mathematical model of the process to be altered through targeted control inputs. This paper focuses on processes at the molecular level that determine the state of an individual cell, involving signaling or gene regulation. The mathematical model type considered is that of Boolean networks. The pot…

0301 basic medicineTheoretical computer scienceComputer scienceProcess (engineering)Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)Systems biologySystem of polynomial equationsENCODEBoolean networksSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStructural BiologyModelling and SimulationQuantitative Biology - Molecular NetworksMolecular BiologyEdge deletionsApplied MathematicsComputer Science ApplicationsNetwork controlIdentification (information)030104 developmental biologyBoolean networkBlocking transitionsFOS: Biological sciencesModeling and SimulationAlgebraic controlState (computer science)030217 neurology & neurosurgeryResearch ArticleBMC Systems Biology
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Stability of stationary solutions in models of the Calvin cycle

2017

Abstract In this paper results are obtained concerning the number of positive stationary solutions in simple models of the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis and the stability of these solutions. It is proved that there are open sets of parameters in the model of Zhu et al. (2009) for which there exist two positive stationary solutions. There are never more than two isolated positive stationary solutions but under certain explicit special conditions on the parameters there is a whole continuum of positive stationary solutions. It is also shown that in the set of parameter values for which two isolated positive stationary solutions exist there is an open subset where one of the solutions is asym…

0301 basic medicineWork (thermodynamics)Applied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsGeneral EngineeringOpen setGeneral MedicineMathematical proof01 natural sciencesStability (probability)03 medical and health sciencesComputational Mathematics030104 developmental biologySimple (abstract algebra)Stability theoryApplied mathematicsContinuum (set theory)0101 mathematicsGeneral Economics Econometrics and FinanceAnalysisBifurcationMathematicsNonlinear Analysis: Real World Applications
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Deconvolution of the cellular origin in hepatocellular carcinoma: Hepatocytes take the center stage.

2016

The expression of biliary/progenitor markers by hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often associated with poor prognosis and stem cell-like behaviors of tumor cells. Hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) also often express biliary/progenitor markers and frequently act as precursor lesions for HCC. However, the cell of origin of HCA and HCC that expresses these markers still remains unclear. Therefore, to evaluate if mature hepatocytes give rise to HCA and HCC tumors, and to understand the molecular pathways involved in tumorigenesis, we lineage-labeled hepatocytes by injecting adeno-associated virus (AAV) containing thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) promoter driven-Cre into RosaYFP mice. Yellow fluore…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyCarcinoma HepatocellularHepatologyLiver NeoplasmsBiologymedicine.diseaseGastroenterologydigestive system diseasesArticle03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyCellular originInternal medicineHepatocellular carcinomamedicineCancer researchCarcinomaHepatocytesHumansCenter (algebra and category theory)DeconvolutionStage (cooking)Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
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