Search results for "Algorithm"

showing 10 items of 4887 documents

Engineering of a DNA Polymerase for Direct m6A Sequencing

2017

Methods for the detection of RNA modifications are of fundamental importance for advancing epitranscriptomics. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant RNA modification in mammalian mRNA and is involved in the regulation of gene expression. Current detection techniques are laborious and rely on antibody-based enrichment of m6A-containing RNA prior to sequencing, since m6A modifications are generally "erased" during reverse transcription (RT). To overcome the drawbacks associated with indirect detection, we aimed to generate novel DNA polymerase variants for direct m6A sequencing. Therefore, we developed a screen to evolve an RT-active KlenTaq DNA polymerase variant that sets a mark for…

0301 basic medicineAdenosineRNA-dependent RNA polymeraseDNA-Directed DNA Polymerase010402 general chemistryProtein Engineering01 natural sciencesCatalysis03 medical and health sciencesDNA polymerasesSequencing by hybridization[SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN]TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYRNA polymerase IRNA MessengerPolymerasebiologyOligonucleotideN6-methyladenosineReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionCommunicationMultiple displacement amplificationHigh-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing[SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Molecular biologyGeneral ChemistryDNA MethylationRNA modificationMolecular biologyReverse transcriptaseCommunications0104 chemical sciencesSequencing by ligationenzyme engineering030104 developmental biologyComputingMethodologies_PATTERNRECOGNITIONddc:540biology.proteinepitranscriptomicsRNA Methylation
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Group analysis of ongoing EEG data based on fast double-coupled nonnegative tensor decomposition

2019

Abstract Background Ongoing EEG data are recorded as mixtures of stimulus-elicited EEG, spontaneous EEG and noises, which require advanced signal processing techniques for separation and analysis. Existing methods cannot simultaneously consider common and individual characteristics among/within subjects when extracting stimulus-elicited brain activities from ongoing EEG elicited by 512-s long modern tango music. New method Aiming to discover the commonly music-elicited brain activities among subjects, we provide a comprehensive framework based on fast double-coupled nonnegative tensor decomposition (FDC-NTD) algorithm. The proposed algorithm with a generalized model is capable of simultaneo…

0301 basic medicineAdultComputer sciencemusiikkiElectroencephalography03 medical and health sciencesYoung Adultcoupled0302 clinical medicinetensor decompositionEeg dataRobustness (computer science)medicineDecomposition (computer science)HumansmusicNonnegative tensorEEGSignal processingmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceFunctional NeuroimagingBrainsignaalianalyysiPattern recognitionElectroencephalographySignal Processing Computer-AssistedMiddle Agedongoing EEGAlpha (programming language)030104 developmental biologyGroup analysisAuditory PerceptionnonnegativeArtificial intelligencebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAlgorithmsMusicärsykkeet
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Application of guidelines for the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in three prospective cohorts of HIV-monoinfected patients

2020

Objectives: Current guidelines recommend use of a diagnostic algorithm to assess disease severity in cases of suspected nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We applied this algorithm to HIV-monoinfected patients. Methods: We analysed three prospective screening programmes for NAFLD carried out in the following cohorts: the Liver Disease in HIV (LIVEHIV) cohort in Montreal, the Modena HIV Metabolic Clinic (MHMC) cohort and the Liver Pathologies in HIV in Palermo (LHivPa) cohort. In the LIVEHIV and LHivPa cohorts, NAFLD was diagnosed if the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) was ≥ 248 dB/m; in the MHMC cohort, it was diagnosed if the liver/spleen Hounsfield unit (HU) ratio on abdomin…

0301 basic medicineAdultMalenonalcoholic fatty liver diseasemedicine.medical_specialtyCanadaHIV monoinfection; fibrosis-4; guidelines; nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; specialist referralHIV monoinfectionHIV InfectionsSeverity of Illness Index03 medical and health sciencesLiver disease0302 clinical medicineNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusNonalcoholic fatty liver diseasespecialist referralmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)030212 general & internal medicineProspective Studiesbusiness.industryHealth Policyfibrosis-4Alanine TransaminaseHepatologyMiddle Agedmedicine.disease030112 virologyObesityInfectious DiseasesItalyCohortPractice Guidelines as TopicCoinfectionFemaleGuideline AdherencebusinessViral hepatitisTomography X-Ray ComputedguidelineAlgorithms
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Novel noninvasive embryo selection algorithm combining time-lapse morphokinetics and oxidative status of the spent embryo culture medium.

2019

Objective To develop a noninvasive embryo selection algorithm consisting of time-lapse morphokinetics and the oxidative status of the spent embryo culture medium determined using the Thermochemiluminescence (TCL) Analyzer. Design Retrospective cohort. Setting Not applicable. Patient(s) From women participating in the oocyte donation program, data from 505 samples of spent embryo culture media samples from 292 intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. Intervention(s) None. Main Outcome Measure(s) Morphokinetic parameters assessed during incubation in the time-lapse system Embryoscope. Oxidative parameters (H1sm, H2sm, and H3sm) from the spent culture medium on day 5 of incubation measured usi…

0301 basic medicineAdultanimal structuresmedicine.medical_treatmentOxidative phosphorylationBiologyTime-Lapse ImagingIntracytoplasmic sperm injectionAndrologyCohort StudiesEmbryo Culture Techniques03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHuman fertilizationPregnancymedicineHumansIncubationRetrospective StudiesPregnancy030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicineObstetrics and GynecologyEmbryo cultureEmbryomedicine.diseaseEmbryo TransferCulture MediaKineticsOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologyReproductive Medicineembryonic structuresFemaleEmbryo qualityAlgorithmsFertility and sterility
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Effects of Study Population, Labeling and Training on Glaucoma Detection Using Deep Learning Algorithms

2020

Author(s): Christopher, Mark; Nakahara, Kenichi; Bowd, Christopher; Proudfoot, James A; Belghith, Akram; Goldbaum, Michael H; Rezapour, Jasmin; Weinreb, Robert N; Fazio, Massimo A; Girkin, Christopher A; Liebmann, Jeffrey M; De Moraes, Gustavo; Murata, Hiroshi; Tokumo, Kana; Shibata, Naoto; Fujino, Yuri; Matsuura, Masato; Kiuchi, Yoshiaki; Tanito, Masaki; Asaoka, Ryo; Zangwill, Linda M | Abstract: PurposeTo compare performance of independently developed deep learning algorithms for detecting glaucoma from fundus photographs and to evaluate strategies for incorporating new data into models.MethodsTwo fundus photograph datasets from the Diagnostic Innovations in Glaucoma Study/African Descent…

0301 basic medicineAginggenetic structuresFundus OculiAfrican descentPopulationBiomedical EngineeringGlaucomaPrimary careNeurodegenerativeoptic disc03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineDeep LearningOpthalmology and OptometryArtificial IntelligencemedicineHumanseducationMild diseaseeducation.field_of_studyReceiver operating characteristicbusiness.industrySpecial IssueDeep learningimagingartificial intelligencemedicine.diseaseeye diseasesOphthalmology030104 developmental biologyglaucomamachine learning030221 ophthalmology & optometryPopulation studyArtificial intelligencebusinessPsychologyAlgorithmAlgorithmsTranslational Vision Science & Technology
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Distinctive Histogenesis and Immunological Microenvironment Based on Transcriptional Profiles of Follicular Dendritic Cell Sarcomas

2017

Abstract Follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors with variable clinical, morphologic, and phenotypic characteristics. Transcriptome analysis was performed on multiple FDC sarcomas and compared with other mesenchymal tumors, microdissected Castleman FDCs, and normal fibroblasts. Using unsupervised analysis, FDC sarcomas clustered with microdissected FDCs, distinct from other mesenchymal tumors and fibroblasts. The specific endowment of FDC-related gene expression programs in FDC sarcomas emerged by applying a gene signature of differentially expressed genes (n = 1,289) between microdissected FDCs and fibroblasts. Supervised analysis comparing FDC sarcomas with mi…

0301 basic medicineAlgorithms; B7-H1 Antigen; Castleman Disease; Chromatin; Cluster Analysis; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma Follicular; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic; Humans; Programmed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Protein; Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; Signal Transduction; T-Lymphocytes Helper-Inducer; T-Lymphocytes Regulatory; Up-Regulation; Gene Regulatory Networks; Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cancer ResearchCancer ResearchProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorDendritic Cell Sarcoma FollicularBiologyT-Lymphocytes RegulatoryB7-H1 AntigenTranscriptome03 medical and health sciencesmedicineCluster AnalysisHumansGene Regulatory NetworksMolecular BiologyRegulation of gene expressionCluster AnalysiGene Regulatory NetworkFollicular dendritic cellsCastleman DiseaseGene Expression ProfilingMesenchymal stem cellT-Lymphocytes Helper-InducerProgrammed Cell Death 1 Ligand 2 Proteinmedicine.diseaseChromatinUp-RegulationAlgorithmGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticGene expression profiling030104 developmental biologyOncologyCancer researchImmunohistochemistrySarcomaAlgorithmsHumanSignal TransductionExtracellular matrix organizationMolecular Cancer Research
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Constructing Antidictionaries of Long Texts in Output-Sensitive Space

2021

AbstractA wordxthat is absent from a wordyis calledminimalif all its proper factors occur iny. Given a collection ofkwordsy1, … ,ykover an alphabetΣ, we are asked to compute the set$\mathrm {M}^{\ell }_{\{y_1,\ldots ,y_k\}}$M{y1,…,yk}ℓof minimal absent words of length at mostℓof the collection {y1, … ,yk}. The set$\mathrm {M}^{\ell }_{\{y_1,\ldots ,y_k\}}$M{y1,…,yk}ℓcontains all the wordsxsuch thatxis absent from all the words of the collection while there existi,j, such that the maximal proper suffix ofxis a factor ofyiand the maximal proper prefix ofxis a factor ofyj. In data compression, this corresponds to computing the antidictionary ofkdocuments. In bioinformatics, it corresponds to c…

0301 basic medicineAntidictionarySettore INF/01 - InformaticaOutput sensitive algorithm0102 computer and information sciencesSpace (mathematics)01 natural sciencesTheoretical Computer ScienceString algorithmPrefixSet (abstract data type)Combinatorics03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyComputational Theory and Mathematics010201 computation theory & mathematicsData compressionOutput-sensitive algorithm[INFO]Computer Science [cs]SuffixAlphabetAbsent wordWord (group theory)MathematicsTheory of Computing Systems
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Recentrifuge: Robust comparative analysis and contamination removal for metagenomics

2017

Metagenomic sequencing is becoming widespread in biomedical and environmental research, and the pace is increasing even more thanks to nanopore sequencing. With a rising number of samples and data per sample, the challenge of efficiently comparing results within a specimen and between specimens arises. Reagents, laboratory, and host related contaminants complicate such analysis. Contamination is particularly critical in low microbial biomass body sites and environments, where it can comprise most of a sample if not all. Recentrifuge implements a robust method for the removal of negative-control and crossover taxa from the rest of samples. With Recentrifuge, researchers can analyze results f…

0301 basic medicineBig DataSource codeComputer scienceBig dataNegative controlcomputer.software_genrelaw.invention0302 clinical medicineDocumentationlawlcsh:QH301-705.5media_commonEcologyMicrobiotaHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingContaminationComputational Theory and MathematicsDNA ContaminationModeling and SimulationData miningAlgorithmsmedia_common.quotation_subjectComputational biologyBiology03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceGeneticsHumansMolecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsInternetWhole Genome Sequencingbusiness.industryPie chartComputational BiologyCorrectionSequence Analysis DNADNA Contamination030104 developmental biologylcsh:Biology (General)MetagenomicsMicrobial TaxonomyMetagenomeNanopore sequencingMetagenomicsbusinesscomputer030217 neurology & neurosurgerySoftwarePLoS computational biology
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Dry selection and wet evaluation for the rational discovery of new anthelmintics

2017

Helminths infections remain a major problem in medical and public health. In this report, atom-based 2D bilinear indices, a TOMOCOMD-CARDD (QuBiLs-MAS module) molecular descriptor family and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to find models that differentiate among anthelmintic and non-anthelmintic compounds. Two classification models obtained by using non-stochastic and stochastic 2D bilinear indices, classified correctly 86.64% and 84.66%, respectively, in the training set. Equation 1(2) correctly classified 141(135) out of 165 [85.45%(81.82%)] compounds in external validation set. Another LDA models were performed in order to get the most likely mechanism of action of anthelmin…

0301 basic medicineBiophysicsNon-stochastic and stochastic atom-based bilinear indicesBilinear interpolationLDA-based QSAR modelQuBiLs-MAS module01 natural sciencesSet (abstract data type)03 medical and health sciencesMolecular descriptorStatisticsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMolecular BiologySelection (genetic algorithm)MathematicsFree and open source softwareTraining setTOMOCOMD-CARDD softwareExternal validationAnthelmintic activityAtom (order theory)Computational creeningCondensed Matter PhysicsLinear discriminant analysis0104 chemical sciencesIndazole010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry030104 developmental biologyLead generationMolecular Physics
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Two simple criteria to estimate an objective's performance when imaging in non design tissue clearing solutions

2019

Tissue clearing techniques are undergoing a renaissance motivated by the need to image fluorescent neurons, and other cells, deep in the sample without physical sectioning. Optical transparency is achieved by equilibrating tissues with high refractive index (RI) solutions. When the microscope objective is not perfectly matched to the RI of the cleared sample, aberrations are introduced. We present two simple-to-calculate numerical criteria predicting: (i) the degradation in image quality (brightness and resolution) from optimal conditions of any clearing solution/objective combination; (ii) which objective, among several available, achieves the highest resolution in a given medium. We deriv…

0301 basic medicineBrightnessMicroscopeDeconvolution; Fluorescence; Microscopy; Neuron; Serial optical sectioning; Spherical aberration; Tissue clearingComputer scienceImage qualitySample (material)DeconvolutionFluorescencelaw.invention03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineSimple (abstract algebra)lawSerial optical sectioningMicroscopyFluorescence microscopeMicroscopistSpherical aberrationColoring AgentsSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaNeuronsMicroscopyTissue clearingGeneral NeuroscienceMicroscopy Tissue clearing Fluorescence Neuron Spherical aberration Serial optical sectioning DeconvolutionNeuronFluorescenceRefractometrySpherical aberration030104 developmental biologyMicroscopy FluorescenceDeconvolutionAlgorithm030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTissue clearing
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