Search results for "Algorithms"

showing 10 items of 1716 documents

Iterative Reconstruction of Signals on Graph

2020

We propose an iterative algorithm to interpolate graph signals from only a partial set of samples. Our method is derived from the well known Papoulis-Gerchberg algorithm by considering the optimal value of a constant involved in the iteration step. Compared with existing graph signal reconstruction algorithms, the proposed method achieves similar or better performance both in terms of convergence rate and computational efficiency.

Signal Processing (eess.SP)signal processing algorithmIterative methodComputer science02 engineering and technologyIterative reconstructionSettore MAT/08 - Analisi NumericaSettore MAT/05 - Analisi Matematica0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringFOS: MathematicsFOS: Electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsignal reconstructionMathematics - Numerical AnalysisElectrical and Electronic EngineeringElectrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal ProcessingSignal reconstructionApplied Mathematics020206 networking & telecommunicationsNumerical Analysis (math.NA)Graphspectral analysisGraph theoryRate of convergenceSignal ProcessingGraph (abstract data type)Algorithmsignal processing algorithmsInterpolation
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A method for quantifying atrial fibrillation organization based on wave-morphology similarity

2002

A new method for quantifying the organization of single bipolar electrograms recorded in the human atria during atrial fibrillation (AF) is presented. The algorithm relies on the comparison between pairs of local activation waves (LAWs) to estimate their morphological similarity, and returns a regularity index (/spl rho/) which measures the extent of repetitiveness over time of the detected activations. The database consisted of endocardial data from a multipolar basket catheter during AF and intraatrial recordings during atrial flutter. The index showed maximum regularity (/spl rho/=1) for all atrial flutter episodes and decreased significantly when increasing AF complexity as defined by W…

Signal processingBundle of Hismedicine.medical_specialtyMorphological similarityAtrial fibrillation (AF)Biomedical EngineeringSensitivity and SpecificityPattern Recognition AutomatedElectrocardiographySimilarity (network science)Heart RateInternal medicineAtrial Fibrillationotorhinolaryngologic diseasesmedicineHumansClinical treatmentWaveform morphologyMathematicsmedicine.diagnostic_testMinimum distanceModels CardiovascularReproducibility of ResultsSignal Processing Computer-AssistedAtrial fibrillationEndocardial signalmedicine.diseaseTachyarrhythmia organizationCardiologysense organsRhythm classificationBasket catheterElectrocardiographyAlgorithmsAtrial flutterBiomedical engineeringIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
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An Automatic System for the Analysis and Classification of Human Atrial Fibrillation Patterns from Intracardiac Electrograms

2008

This paper presents an automatic system for the analysis and classification of atrial fibrillation (AF) patterns from bipolar intracardiac signals. The system is made up of: 1) a feature- extraction module that defines and extracts a set of measures potentially useful for characterizing AF types on the basis of their degree of organization; 2) a feature-selection module (based on the Jeffries-Matusita distance and a branch and bound search algorithm) identifying the best subset of features for discriminating different AF types; and 3) a support vector machine technique-based classification module that automatically discriminates the AF types according to the Wells' criteria. The automatic s…

Signal processingComputer scienceFeature extractionBiomedical EngineeringFeature extraction and selectionFeature selectionSensitivity and SpecificityIntracardiac injectionPattern Recognition AutomatedArtificial IntelligenceSearch algorithmAtrial FibrillationmedicineHumansDiagnosis Computer-AssistedIntracardiac ElectrogramArrhythmia organizationSignal processingmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industrySupport vector machines (SVMs)Reproducibility of ResultsPattern recognitionAtrial fibrillationHuman atrial fibrillationmedicine.diseaseSupport vector machineSettore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E InformaticaAutomatic classificationArtificial intelligenceIntracardiac electrogrambusinessElectrocardiographyAlgorithmsIEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
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P300-based brain computer interface experimental setup

2009

A Brain-Computer interface (BCI) is a communication system that enables the generation of a control signal from brain signals such as sensorymotor rhythms and evoked potentials; therefore, it constitutes a novel communication option for people with severe motor disabilities (such as Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis patients). This paper presents the development of a P300-based BCI. This prototype uses a homemade six-channel electroencephalograph for the acquisition of the signals, and a visual stimulation matrix; since this matrix contains letters of the alphabet as well as images associated to them, it permits word-writing and the elaboration of messages with the images. To process the signal…

Signal processingmedicine.diagnostic_testComputer scienceSpeech recognitionInterface (computing)BrainReproducibility of ResultsElectroencephalographyElectroencephalographyLinear discriminant analysisEvent-Related Potentials P300Sensitivity and SpecificityLeast squaresUser-Computer InterfacePattern Recognition VisualmedicineAlgorithmsVisual CortexBrain–computer interface2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
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Quantification of synchronization during atrial fibrillation by Shannon entropy: Validation in patients and computer model of atrial arrhythmias

2005

Atrial fibrillation (AF), a cardiac arrhythmia classically described as completely desynchronized, is now known to show a certain amount of synchronized electrical activity. In the present work a new method for quantifying the level of synchronization of the electrical activity recorded in pairs of atrial sites during atrial fibrillation is presented. A synchronization index (Sy) was defined by quantifying the degree of complexity of the distribution of the time delays between sites by Shannon entropy estimation. The capability of Sy to discriminate different AF types in patients was assessed on a database of 60 pairs of endocardial recordings from a multipolar basket catheter. The analysis…

Signal processingmedicine.medical_specialtyTime delaysPhysiologyEntropyBiomedical EngineeringBiophysicsSensitivity and SpecificitySynchronizationHeart Conduction SystemArrhythmia (mechanisms)Internal medicinePhysiology (medical)medicineHumansIn patientDiagnosis Computer-AssistedMathematicsBody Surface Potential MappingModels CardiovascularCardiac arrhythmiaReproducibility of ResultsAtrial fibrillationAtrial arrhythmiasComputer simulationmedicine.diseaseAtrial fibrillationElectrophysiologyElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureBiophysicCardiologyRight atriumAlgorithms
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An enhanced random walk algorithm for delineation of head and neck cancers in PET studies

2017

An algorithm for delineating complex head and neck cancers in positron emission tomography (PET) images is presented in this article. An enhanced random walk (RW) algorithm with automatic seed detection is proposed and used to make the segmentation process feasible in the event of inhomogeneous lesions with bifurcations. In addition, an adaptive probability threshold and a k-means based clustering technique have been integrated in the proposed enhanced RW algorithm. The new threshold is capable of following the intensity changes between adjacent slices along the whole cancer volume, leading to an operator-independent algorithm. Validation experiments were first conducted on phantom studies:…

Similarity (geometry)Computer sciencePET imagingBiomedical EngineeringRandom walk030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinemedicineImage Processing Computer-AssistedHumansSegmentationComputer visionCluster analysisEvent (probability theory)Settore ING-INF/05 - Sistemi Di Elaborazione Delle Informazionimedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryPhantoms ImagingBiological target volume; Head and neck cancer segmentation; PET imaging; Random walksComputer Science ApplicationPattern recognitionRandom walkComputer Science ApplicationsBiological target volumeHausdorff distancePositron emission tomographyHead and Neck Neoplasms030220 oncology & carcinogenesisPositron-Emission TomographyArtificial intelligenceHead and neck cancer segmentationComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionbusinessAlgorithmsBiological target volume Head and neck cancer segmentation PET imaging Random walks Algorithms Head and Neck Neoplasms Humans Image Processing Computer-Assisted Phantoms Imaging Positron-Emission TomographyVolume (compression)
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A mutual GrabCut method to solve co-segmentation

2013

Publised version of an article from the journal:Eurasip Journal on Image and Video Processing. Also available on SpringerLink:http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1687-5281-2013-20. Open Access Co-segmentation aims at segmenting common objects from a group of images. Markov random field (MRF) has been widely used to solve co-segmentation, which introduces a global constraint to make the foreground similar to each other. However, it is difficult to minimize the new model. In this paper, we propose a new Markov random field-based co-segmentation model to solve co-segmentation problem without minimization problem. In our model, foreground similarity constraint is added into the unary term of MRF model ra…

Similarity (geometry)Markov random fieldComputer sciencebusiness.industryVDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Information and communication science: 420::Algorithms and computability theory: 422ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONVDP::Technology: 500::Information and communication technology: 550Pattern recognitionFunction (mathematics)Term (time)Constraint (information theory)GrabCutComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionCutSignal ProcessingSegmentationArtificial intelligenceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessInformation SystemsEURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing
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A mathematical approach to predicting the percutaneous absorption enhancing effect of sodium lauryl sulphate.

2003

A study has been made of the effect of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) at several concentrations from 0.24 to 5% (w/w) on skin permeability. Seven model drugs were selected for this study on the basis of their lipophilicity as represented by their logP(oct) values (from -0.95 to 4.2). Skin pre-treatment with aqueous solutions of SLS does not increase the permeability coefficient of the most lipophilic compounds (logP(oct)> or =3). For the other compounds assayed the increase in the permeability coefficients depends on the concentration of SLS used in the skin pre-treatment, and on the lipophilicity of the compounds tested.The correlation between the inverse of SLS efficacy as an enhancer (1/ER…

Skin AbsorptionPharmaceutical ScienceAbsorption (skin)In Vitro TechniquesAdministration CutaneousModels Biologicalchemistry.chemical_compoundSurface-Active AgentsPharmacokineticsAnimalsPharmacokineticsSodium dodecyl sulfateRats WistarMathematical ComputingAqueous solutionChromatographyintegumentary systemChemistrySodium lauryl sulphateSodium Dodecyl SulfateRatsPharmaceutical PreparationsPermeability (electromagnetism)LipophilicityFemaleAzoneAlgorithmsInternational journal of pharmaceutics
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Splitting the data cache: a survey

2000

Recent cache-memory research has focused on approaches that split the first-level data cache into two independent subcaches. The authors introduce a methodology for helping cache designers devise splitting schemes and survey a representative set of the published cache schemes.

Snoopy cacheHardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURESDatabaseCache coloringComputer scienceGeneral EngineeringParallel computingCache pollutioncomputer.software_genreSmart CacheCache invalidationPage cacheCachecomputerCache algorithmsIEEE Concurrency
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Large-scale effects of migration and conflict in pre-agricultural groups: Insights from a dynamic model.

2016

The debate on the causes of conflict in human societies has deep roots. In particular, the extent of conflict in hunter-gatherer groups remains unclear. Some authors suggest that large-scale violence only arose with the spreading of agriculture and the building of complex societies. To shed light on this issue, we developed a model based on operatorial techniques simulating population-resource dynamics within a two-dimensional lattice, with humans and natural resources interacting in each cell of the lattice. The model outcomes under different conditions were compared with recently available demographic data for prehistoric South America. Only under conditions that include migration among c…

Social ProblemsEcological MetricsMolecular biologyPopulation Dynamicslcsh:MedicineDNA constructionGeographical locationsPopulation dynamics Heisenberg equation quantum dynamicsPopulation MetricsNatural ResourcesGene Expression and Vector TechniquesHumanslcsh:ScienceSettore MAT/07 - Fisica MatematicaDemographyPopulation DensityMolecular Biology Assays and Analysis TechniquesPopulation BiologyEcologyEcology and Environmental Scienceslcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesAgricultureVector ConstructionEmigration and ImmigrationModels TheoreticalSouth AmericaResearch and analysis methodsMolecular biology techniquesSocioeconomic FactorsCarrying Capacitylcsh:QPeople and placesAlgorithmsResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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