Search results for "Allele"

showing 10 items of 1006 documents

Has long-term metal exposure induced changes in life history traits and genetic diversity of the enchytraeid worm Cognettia sphagnetorum (Vejd.)?

2004

We studied whether long-term metal exposure has affected life history traits, population growth patterns and genetic diversity of the asexual enchytraeid worm Cognettia sphagnetorum (Vejd.). Enchytraeids from metal contaminated and uncontaminated forest soil were compared by growing them individually in the laboratory and by following their population development in patchily Cu contaminated microcosms. Genetic differences between the two native populations were studied using allozyme electrophoresis. Individuals from the contaminated site had slower growth rate and they produced fewer fragments of larger size when compared to individuals from the uncontaminated site. In patchily Cu contamin…

Time FactorsGenotypeHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisPopulationBiologyToxicologyLife history theoryGene FrequencyAnimalsBody SizeSoil PollutantsOligochaetaLife historyAlleleeducationAllelesEcosystemClonal diversityeducation.field_of_studyGenetic diversityCognettia sphagnetorumEcologyGenetic VariationEnvironmental ExposureGeneral MedicinePollutionTrace ElementsGenetics PopulationMicrocosmCopperEnvironmental Pollution
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Profilin1 regulates sternum development and endochondral bone formation.

2012

Bone development is a dynamic process that requires cell motility and morphological adaptation under the control of actin cytoskeleton. This actin cytoskeleton system is regulated by critical modulators including actin-binding proteins. Among them, profilin1 (Pfn1) is a key player to control actin fiber structure, and it is involved in a number of cellular activities such as migration. During the early phase of body development, skeletal stem cells and osteoblastic progenitor cells migrate to form initial rudiments for future skeletons. During this migration, these cells extend their process based on actin cytoskeletal rearrangement to locate themselves in an appropriate location within mic…

Time FactorsGenotypeMice Transgenicmacromolecular substancesBiologyTransfectionBiochemistryBone and BonesMiceProfilinsCell MovementOsteogenesisBone cellAnimalsProgenitor cellRNA Small InterferingCytoskeletonMolecular BiologyActinAllelesCytoskeletonMice KnockoutOsteoblastsMesenchymal stem cellGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalCell migrationMesenchymal Stem CellsCell BiologyX-Ray MicrotomographyActin cytoskeletonCell biologyCartilageImmunologyNIH 3T3 CellsStem cellDevelopmental BiologyThe Journal of biological chemistry
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Mutational synergy coordinately remodels chromatin accessibility, enhancer landscape and 3-Dimensional DNA topology to alter gene expression during l…

2020

AbstractAltered transcription is a cardinal feature of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), however, exactly how mutations synergize to remodel the epigenetic landscape and rewire 3-Dimensional (3-D) DNA topology is unknown. Here we apply an integrated genomic approach to a murine allelic series that models the two most common mutations in AML, Flt3-ITD and Npm1c. We then deconvolute the contribution of each mutation to alterations of the epigenetic landscape and genome organization, and infer how mutations synergize in the induction of AML. These analyses allow the identification of long-range cis-regulatory circuits, including a novel super-enhancer of the Hoxa locus, as well as larger and more …

Transcription (biology)hemic and lymphatic diseasesMyeloid leukemiaLocus (genetics)EpigeneticsAlleleBiologyEnhancerTopologyChromatinGenomic organization
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TheSCH9 protein kinase mRNA contains a long 5′ leader with a small open reading frame

1993

The SCH9 yeast gene, that was previously identified as a suppressor of cdc25 and ras1- ras2-ts temperature-sensitive mutants, encodes a putative protein kinase that positively regulates the progression of yeast cells through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. We have determined the structure of the SCH9 transcription unit, using primer extension and S1 mapping techniques. The corresponding mRNA included an unusually long 5' region of more than 600 nucleotides preceding the major open reading frame (ORF). While the latter corresponded to a protein of 824 amino acids, an upstream open reading frame (uORF) within the 5' leader could potentially encode a 54 amino acid peptide. To investigate the r…

Transcription GeneticFive prime untranslated regionMolecular Sequence DataSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBioengineeringSaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBiochemistryOpen Reading FramesGene Expression Regulation FungalUpstream open reading frameGeneticsAmino Acid SequenceRNA MessengerGenes SuppressorAllelesGeneticsMessenger RNABase SequenceG1 PhaseNucleic acid sequenceRNA Fungalbiology.organism_classificationFusion proteinOpen reading frameRegulatory sequenceMutationProtein KinasesBiotechnologyYeast
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Detection, validation, and downstream analysis of allelic variation in gene expression.

2009

AbstractCommon sequence variants within a gene often generate important differences in expression of corresponding mRNAs. This high level of local (allelic) control—or cis modulation—rivals that produced by gene targeting, but expression is titrated finely over a range of levels. We are interested in exploiting this allelic variation to study gene function and downstream consequences of differences in expression dosage. We have used several bioinformatics and molecular approaches to estimate error rates in the discovery of cis modulation and to analyze some of the biological and technical confounds that contribute to the variation in gene expression profiling. Our analysis of SNPs and alter…

Transcription GeneticQuantitative Trait LociGene ExpressionQuantitative trait locusBiologyInvestigationsPolymerase Chain ReactionPolymorphism Single NucleotideMiceGene mappingGene expressionDatabases GeneticGeneticsAnimalsHumansRNA MessengerGene3' Untranslated RegionsAllelesOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisGeneticsGene Expression ProfilingAlternative splicingGene targetingComputational BiologyReproducibility of ResultsSequence Analysis DNAGene expression profilingAlternative SplicingExpression quantitative trait lociGenetics
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The recipient CYP2D6 allele 4-associated poor metabolizer status correlates with an early fibrosis development after liver transplantation

2011

Summary CYP2D6 is part of the cytochrome P450 system, which catalyzes biotransformation of endogenous substrates and xenobiotics. Approximately 10% of the Caucasian population has two null alleles, resulting in a poor metabolizer (PM) status. Mostly, allele four (CYP2D6*4) is responsible for the PM status, which is suspected to be associated with an accelerated fibrosis progression (FP). The aim of the present study was to analyze the role of the CYP2D6*4 genotype for FP after liver transplantation (LT). Genotypes were determined in liver biopsies (donor) and peripheral blood (recipient) by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Data were correlated with clinical variables and risk factors…

Transplantationmedicine.medical_specialtyCYP2D6business.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentHazard ratioLiver transplantationmedicine.diseaseNull alleleGastroenterologyFibrosisInternal medicineImmunologyGenotypemedicineAllelebusinessAllele frequencyTransplant International
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PGal4 excision reveals the pleiotropic effects of Voila, a Drosophila locus that affects development and courtship behaviour

2001

0016-6723 (Print) Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; In Drosophila melanogaster, the PGal4 transposon inserted at the chromosomal site 86E1-2 is associated with the Voila1 allele that causes multiple phenotypes. Homozygous Voila1/1 flies rarely reach adulthood and heterozygous Voila1/+ adult males display strong homosexual courtship behaviour. Both normal behavioural and developmental phenotypes were rescued by remobilizing the PGal4 element. Yet, the rescue of heterosexual courtship and of adult viability did not occur in the same strains, indicating that these defects have different genetic origins. Furthermore, many strains showed a partial rescue of both characters. Molec…

Transposable elementMaleHeterozygoteEmbryo Nonmammalianmedia_common.quotation_subjectSexual BehaviorLocus (genetics)Nerve Tissue ProteinsLethalCourtshipSexual Behavior AnimalGeneticsAnimal/*physiologyAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsNerve Tissue Proteins/geneticsAlleleDrosophila melanogaster/*physiologyLarva/*growth & developmentmedia_commonGeneticsNonmammalianbiologyCourtship displayReproductionHomozygoteNuclear ProteinsHeterozygote advantageGeneral MedicineHomosexualitybiology.organism_classificationReproduction/geneticsNuclear Proteins/geneticsSurvival RateDrosophila melanogasterGenesEmbryoLarvaDNA Transposable ElementsGenes LethalFemaleDrosophila melanogaster5' Untranslated RegionsDrosophila ProteinTranscription Factors
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Signals of major histocompatibility complex overdominance in a wild salmonid population

2009

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) contains the most variable genes in vertebrates, but despite extensive research, the mechanisms maintaining this polymorphism are still unresolved. One hypothesis is that MHC polymorphism is a result of balancing selection operating by overdominance, but convincing evidence for overdominant selection in natural populations has been lacking. We present strong evidence consistent with MHC-specific overdominance in a free-living population of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in northernmost Europe. In this population, where just two MHC alleles were observed, MHC heterozygous fish had a lower parasite load, were in better condition (as estimated by a…

TroutPopulationOverdominanceBalancing selectionMajor histocompatibility complexGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMajor Histocompatibility ComplexResearch articlesDiphyllobothriumPolymorphism (computer science)AnimalsAlleleeducationAllelesGeneral Environmental ScienceSalvelinusGeneticseducation.field_of_studyGenomePolymorphism GeneticGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologybiologyHeterozygote advantageGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionEvolutionary biologybiology.proteinGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesMicrosatellite RepeatsProceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
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PSMA6 (rs2277460, rs1048990), PSMC6 (rs2295826, rs2295827) and PSMA3 (rs2348071) genetic diversity in Latvians, Lithuanians and Taiwanese

2014

PSMA6 (rs2277460, rs1048990), PSMC6 (rs2295826, rs2295827) and PSMA3 (rs2348071) genetic diversity was investigated in 1438 unrelated subjects from Latvia, Lithuania and Taiwan. In general, polymorphism of each individual locus showed tendencies similar to determined previously in HapMap populations. Main differences concern Taiwanese and include presence of rs2277460 rare allele A not found before in Asians and absence of rs2295827 rare alleles homozygotes TT observed in all other human populations. Observed patterns of SNPs and haplotype diversity were compatible with expectation of neutral model of evolution. Linkage disequilibrium between the rs2295826 and rs2295827 was detected to be c…

UPS ubiquitin–proteasome systemLinkage disequilibriumTF transcription factorLD linkage disequilibriumPopulationSNPLocus (genetics)Single-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyArticleHapMap JPT JapaneseGenetic diversityHuman populationTW Taiwanese populationLT Lithuanian populationGeneticsInternational HapMap ProjectAlleleeducationHapMap-CEU NorthWestern EuropeansGenetics (clinical)Geneticseducation.field_of_studyGenetic diversityProteasomeHapMap HCB Han ChineseHWE Hardy–Weinberg equilibriumHaplotypePSMC6LV Latvian populationT2DM type 2 diabetes mellitusPSMA6SNP single nucleotide polymorphismTFBS transcription factor binding sitePSMA3Meta Gene
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ADHD and DAT1: Further evidence of paternal over-transmission of risk alleles and haplotype

2010

Contains fulltext : 87259.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) We [Hawi et al. (2005); Am J Hum Genet 77:958-965] reported paternal over-transmission of risk alleles in some ADHD-associated genes. This was particularly clear in the case of the DAT1 3'-UTR VNTR. In the current investigation, we analyzed three new sample comprising of 1,248 ADHD nuclear families to examine the allelic over-transmission of DAT1 in ADHD. The IMAGE sample, the largest of the three-replication samples, provides strong support for a parent of origin effect for allele 6 and the 10 repeat allele (intron 8 and 3'-UTR VNTR, respectively) of DAT1. In addition, a similar pattern of over-transmission of paternal ri…

Untranslated region2716 Genetics (clinical)Candidate gene2804 Cellular and Molecular NeuroscienceMedizin610 Medicine & healthMinisatellite RepeatsBiology2738 Psychiatry and Mental HealthGenomic Imprinting03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingmental disordersPerception and Action [DCN 1]HumansGenetics(clinical)ddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersRisk factorAllele3' Untranslated RegionsNuclear familyGeneAllelesGenetics (clinical)GeneticsMental Health [NCEBP 9]Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport ProteinsHaplotypeIntron10058 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry030227 psychiatryPsychiatry and Mental healthHaplotypesAttention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_being030217 neurology & neurosurgeryAmerican Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
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