Search results for "Alleles"

showing 10 items of 478 documents

Human SPG11 cerebral organoids reveal cortical neurogenesis impairment

2018

Abstract Spastic paraplegia gene 11(SPG11)-linked hereditary spastic paraplegia is a complex monogenic neurodegenerative disease that in addition to spastic paraplegia is characterized by childhood onset cognitive impairment, thin corpus callosum and enlarged ventricles. We have previously shown impaired proliferation of SPG11 neural progenitor cells (NPCs). For the delineation of potential defect in SPG11 brain development we employ 2D culture systems and 3D human brain organoids derived from SPG11 patients’ iPSC and controls. We reveal that an increased rate of asymmetric divisions of NPCs leads to proliferation defect, causing premature neurogenesis. Correspondingly, SPG11 organoids appe…

GenotypeHereditary spastic paraplegiaNeurogenesisFluorescent Antibody TechniqueBiology03 medical and health sciencesGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3GeneticsOrganoidmedicineSpasticHumansMolecular BiologyGenetics (clinical)Allelesbeta CateninCerebral Cortex0303 health sciences030305 genetics & heredityNeurogenesisProteinsGeneral MedicineHuman brainmedicine.diseaseNeural stem cellnervous system diseasesOrganoidsmedicine.anatomical_structurePhenotypeMutationGeneral ArticleDisease SusceptibilityParaplegiaCognition DisordersNeuroscienceNeural developmentBiomarkersHuman Molecular Genetics
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Taste, movement, and death: varying effects of new prospero mutants during Drosophila development

2003

0022-3034 (Print) Comparative Study Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; The PGal4 transposon inserted upstream of the pan-neural gene prospero (pros) causes several neural and behavioral defects in the Voila(1) strain. The precise excision of the transposon simultaneously rescued all these defects whereas its unprecise excision created new pros(V) alleles, including the null allele pros(V17). Here, we describe the relationship between the genetic structure of pros locus, larval locomotion, and larval gustatory response. These two behaviors showed varying degrees of variation depending upon the pros allele. We also found a good relation between behavioral alteration, the level …

GenotypeNerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics/metabolismeducationLethalMovement/*physiologyTaste/*geneticsDrosophila melanogaster/embryology/genetics/growth & developmentReaction TimeAnimalsDrosophila ProteinsNeuromuscular Junction/genetics/growth & development/metabolismSouthernLarva/genetics/*growth & developmentAllelesNonmammalianNuclear Proteins/*genetics/metabolismBlottingDevelopmental/physiologyImmunohistochemistryhumanitiesGenomics/methodsDeathInvertebrate/chemistryGene Expression RegulationGenesEmbryoMutationDNA Transposable ElementsGangliaInsectTranscription Factors
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Historical and biological determinants of genetic diversity in the highly endemic triploid sea lavender Limonium dufourii (Plumbaginaceae)

2007

14 páginas, 5 figuras, 2 tablas.

GenotypePopulationBiologyPlant conservationGenetic diversityEvolution MolecularCritically endangeredPlumbaginaceaeHalophytesAlloploidyGenetic variationGeneticsAlleleMicrosatelliteseducationAllelesEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicseducation.field_of_studyGenetic diversityGeographyEcologyGenetic VariationSequence Analysis DNASpainGenetic markerEvolutionary biologyGenetic structureHybridization GeneticMicrosatelliteApomixisGenome PlantMicrosatellite RepeatsMolecular Ecology
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Genotypic analysis at multiple loci across Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) DNA molecules: clustering patterns, novel variants and chimerism

2001

Abstract Background: the genomes of human Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) display several levels of DNA sequence heterogeneity and subgrouping that show distinctive clustering patterns in related human populations. The four major subtype patterns for the hypervariable ORF-K1 protein correlate closely with the principal diasporas resulting from the migration of modern humans out of East Africa and suggest that KSHV is an ancient human virus that is transmitted primarily in a familial fashion with consequent very low recombination rates. However, chimeric genomes have also been detected, especially with regard to the presence of P versus M alleles of the ORF-K15 gene. Objective…

GenotypePopulationMolecular Sequence DataGenome ViralBiologyGenomeDNA sequencingMiddle EastOpen Reading FramesAfrica NorthernViral Envelope ProteinsVirologyGenotypemedicineHumansAmino Acid SequenceAlleleeducationCladeKaposi's sarcomaGeneSarcoma KaposiAllelesPhylogenyGeneticsRecombination Geneticeducation.field_of_studyAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeKoreaMembrane Proteinsmedicine.diseaseEuropeInfectious DiseasesHerpesvirus 8 HumanNorth AmericaSequence Alignment
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Population genetic analysis of bi-allelic structural variants from low-coverage sequence data with an expectation-maximization algorithm

2014

Background Population genetics and association studies usually rely on a set of known variable sites that are then genotyped in subsequent samples, because it is easier to genotype than to discover the variation. This is also true for structural variation detected from sequence data. However, the genotypes at known variable sites can only be inferred with uncertainty from low coverage data. Thus, statistical approaches that infer genotype likelihoods, test hypotheses, and estimate population parameters without requiring accurate genotypes are becoming popular. Unfortunately, the current implementations of these methods are intended to analyse only single nucleotide and short indel variation…

GenotypingGenotypePopulation geneticsPopulationPopulation geneticsBiologyBiochemistryReference biasStructural variation03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineStructural BiologyGenotypeStatisticsHumans1000 Genomes ProjecteducationMolecular BiologyAlleles030304 developmental biologySampling biasGenetic associationGeneticsLikelihood Functions0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyGenomePolymorphism GeneticGenètica de poblacionsApplied MathematicsHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingGenomicsComputer Science ApplicationsGenotype frequencyGenetics PopulationStructural variationSoftwareAlgorithms030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMaximum likelihood
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Role of prothrombotic polymorphisms in successful or unsuccessful aging.

2011

The study of the genetic profile of centenarians aims to identify the genes and allelic variants which may influence a greater life expectancy and that can be considered as predisposing factors associated to the aging diseases, such as Alzheimer. Centenarians, that represent a cohort of selected survivors, show an hypercoagulability state characterised by striking signs of high coagulation enzyme activity, as directly assessed by the tested higher plasma level of some important factors involved in the haemostasis balance. Anyway, these individuals seem to have a reduced susceptibility to dementia, as well as to cardiovascular events. In this study we analyze the frequencies of Leiden Factor…

GerontologyMaleAging.media_common.quotation_subjectDiseaseBioinformaticsLeiden factor V; Prothrombin; Nonagenarians; Alzheimer disease; Aging.Polymorphism (computer science)Alzheimer DiseasemedicineDementiaHumansNonagenarianAlleleAllelesmedia_commonAgedSettore MED/04 - Patologia GeneralePolymorphism GeneticSuccessful agingbusiness.industryALZHEIMER’S DISEASEagingLongevityFactor Vmedicine.diseaseCase-Control StudiesCohortFemaleProthrombinGeriatrics and GerontologyAlzheimer's diseasebusinessGerontologyLeiden Factor V
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Phenotype traits associated with different alleles at the RPS5 locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1992

The RPS5 gene has been characterised through its ability to reduce invertase production by the SUC5 gene. In this paper we show that RPS5 acts by maintaining low levels of SUC5 mRNA. We also show that RPS5 acts on the SUC1 and SUC4 genes but not on SUC2 and SUC3, which are members of the SUC family. RPS5 also shows a pleiotropic effect on the amount of mitochondrial cytochromes.

Glycoside HydrolasesTranscription GeneticGenes FungalSaccharomyces cerevisiaeGenes RecessiveLocus (genetics)Saccharomyces cerevisiaeSaccharomycesGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicGene Expression Regulation FungalGenes RegulatorGene expressionGeneticsAlleleGeneAllelesGenes DominantRegulator geneGeneticsbeta-FructofuranosidasebiologyGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationPhenotypePhenotypeCytochromesCurrent Genetics
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Genetic variation of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) along an altitudinal transect at mount Vogelsberg in Hesse, Germany

2000

Allelic and genotypic variation at 13 different enzyme loci of autochthonous European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) was investigated in six 110-160-year-old stands growing at elevations between 150 and 660 m above sea level on the western slope of mount Vogelsberg in central Germany. The highest elevated population showed the highest number of effective alleles (Ne), the highest total heterozygosity (He) and the highest population differentiation deltaT. Also, the genotype SKD-A2A3 of shikimate dehydrogenase was significantly more frequent at the two highest elevated stands (P = 11%) than at the three lowest elevated stands (P = 1%). Further differences in genotype frequencies between 11 of 15…

HeterozygoteGenotypePopulationPopulation geneticsTreesAltitudeGene FrequencyFagus sylvaticaGermanyGenetic variationBotanyGeneticsSelection GeneticeducationTransectBeechAllelesEcosystemEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicseducation.field_of_studybiologyAltitudeGenetic Variationbiology.organism_classificationGenotype frequencyAlcohol OxidoreductasesGenetics PopulationMolecular Ecology
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Population structure and mitochondrial DNA gene flow in Old World populations of Drosophila subobscura

1992

An extensive survey of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction polymorphism in 156 isofemale lines from 29 different geographic populations of Drosophila subobscura distributed throughout the Old World was carried out. Ten restriction enzymes were used, five of which revealed restriction site polymorphism. Of the 31 restriction sites detected, 13 were found to be polymorphic. Comparisons with the mtDNA map of Drosophila yakuba indicate that the variable sites are mainly concentrated in protein genes, especially those corresponding to the NADH complex. A total of 13 different haplotypes were observed, two of which (haplotypes I and II) are quite frequent and widely distributed throughout the p…

HeterozygoteMitochondrial DNAPopulationPopulation geneticsDNA MitochondrialGene FrequencyGeneticsAnimalseducationAllelesGenetics (clinical)Geneticseducation.field_of_studybiologybiology.organism_classificationDrosophila subobscuraIsoenzymesRestriction Site PolymorphismRestriction siteGenetics PopulationHaplotypesDrosophilaFemaleRestriction fragment length polymorphismPolymorphism Restriction Fragment LengthDrosophila yakubaHeredity
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Intraspecific and within-isolate sequence variation in the ITS rRNA gene region of Pythium mercuriale sp. nov. (Pythiaceae)

2008

Belbahri, Lassaad et al.

HeterozygoteNuclear geneGenotypeMolecular Sequence DataPythiumBiologyDNA RibosomalMicrobiologyDNA AlgalPeptide Elongation Factor 1Intergenic regionTubulinPhylogeneticsDNA Ribosomal SpacerGeneticsCluster AnalysisPythiumInternal transcribed spacerMolecular BiologyAllelesPhylogenyGeneticsPolymorphism GeneticPhylogenetic treeAlgal ProteinsGenes rRNASequence Analysis DNARibosomal RNAbiology.organism_classificationPythiaceaePhenotype
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