Search results for "Allergy"
showing 10 items of 3181 documents
Down-regulation of the MHC class I antigen-processing machinery after oncogenic transformation of murine fibroblasts
1998
Malignant transformation is often associated with genetic alterations providing tumor cells with mechanisms for escape from immune surveillance. Human and murine tumors of various origin as well as in vitro models of viral and oncogenic transformation express reduced levels of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens resulting in decreased sensitivity to MHC class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated lysis. We here investigate whether the suppressed MHC class I surface expression of ras-transformed fibroblasts is due to dysregulation of the genes of the antigen-processing machinery, the peptide transporters TAP-1 and TAP-2 and the proteasome subunits LMP-2 and L…
A comparative study of the in vitro immunomodulatory activity of human intact immunoglobulin (7S IVIG), F(ab′) 2 fragments (5S IVIG) and Fc fragments…
1997
During the past few decades intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) has been used successfully in the treatment of various immunoregulatory disorders. Treatment results have been attributed to immunomodulation mainly via Fc receptors or by anti-idiotypic antibodies to disease-causing autoantibodies. From the present study it is clearly evident that 7S IVIG (intact immunoglobulin) as well as 5S IVIG [F(ab')2 fragments] and Fc fragments have a potent immunomodulatory capacity. We demonstrate that mainly 7S IVIG inhibits alloantigen-induced T-cell proliferation and generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Reduced interleukin-2 (IL-2) protein levels in culture supernatants of IVIG-supplemented mixed ly…
SAT0373 Role of Inkt Cells in Patients with Primary Sjogren Syndrome
2015
Background iNKT cells represent a T cell subset at the bridge between innate and adaptive immunity, playing a role in regulating auto-antibody-producing B cells before their entry into germinal centers. Therefore the absence and/or reduction of iNKT cells seem to increase auto-reactive B cell activation. Primary Sjogren9s syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which lymphocyte infiltration and organization in lymphoid structures of inflamed salivary glands occur. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of iNKT in the salivary glands and peripheral blood of patients with pSS and their function by using CD1d/aGalactosylceramide (aGalaCer) tetramers. Metho…
Il-6 signaling in inflammatory bowel disease: pathophysiological role and clinical relevance.
2007
Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) occurring in the gut of genetically susceptible individuals independent of a specific pathogen. The interaction between antigen-presenting cells and the local bacterial flora contributes to an uncontrolled activation of mucosal CD4+ T lymphocytes with the consecutive release of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, and also IL-17, which is attributed to a specific, differentiated CD4+ lineage called Th17 (TH-IL17, THi). Recent data suggest that IL-6 contributes to Th17 differentiation. However, to clarify the importance of Th17 cel…
Coordinate downregulation of multiple MHC class I antigen processing genes in chemical-induced murine tumor cell lines of distinct origin
2000
In murine tumor cell lines, downregulation of MHC class I surface expression has been frequently detected, but the underlying molecular mechanisms of such deficiencies have not been defined. In this study, murine tumor cell lines of different histology derived from spontaneous or from chemical-induced tumors were analyzed for the expression of multiple components of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen-processing machinery (APM), including the peptide transporter TAP, the interferon (IFN)-gamma inducible proteasome subunits and several chaperones. The tumor cell lines analyzed demonstrated a heterogeneous expression pattern of various APM components. In comparison to c…
Frame fungi on insulated windows.
1985
Insulated windows (fixed triple glass window elements), became common in Finland during and after the energy crisis. Moisture tends to condense along the edges causing mold growth on the frames. Nine houses with insulated glass windows and eight with other types of window were studied. Fungus samples were taken from the window edges and from the inside air and cultivated on malt extract agar. In five of the houses with insulated windows there was visible mold growth on the window edges. The predominant fungus was Aureobasidium pullulans. With other types of windows there was only one case of visible mold. The concentrations of fungi were about the same in the air of houses with both types o…
Antigen dose-dependent suppression of murine IgE responses is mediated by CD4−CD8− double-negative T cells
2010
Background The IgE response against protein antigens is profoundly influenced by the dose used for sensitization. Objective The aim of the study was to identify immune cells that are involved in antigen dose-dependent regulation of IgE formation. Methods Wild-type mice as well as T helper (Th)1-deficient IL-12p40(-/-) and IFN-gamma(-/-) mice were immunized by repeated intraperitoneal injection of either low doses (K01 mice) or high doses (K100 mice) of keyhole limpet haemocyanin adsorbed to aluminium hydroxide. Splenocytes of immunized mice were restimulated in vitro and antigen-dependent T cell proliferation and cytokine production were measured. The frequency of regulatory T cell subsets …
Reduced in vitro T-cell responses induced by glutaraldehyde-modified allergen extracts are caused mainly by retarded internalization of dendritic cel…
2012
Summary Although allergen-specific immunotherapy is a clinically effective therapy for IgE-mediated allergic diseases, the risk of IgE-mediated adverse effects still exists. For this reason, chemically modified allergoids have been introduced, which may destroy IgE-binding sites while T-cell activation should be retained. The aim of the study was to analyse the differences between intact allergens and differently modified/aggregated allergoids concerning their internalization as well as T-cell and basophil activation. For this purpose human monocyte-derived immature dendritic cells (DC) were incubated with Phleum pratense or Betula verrucosa pollen extract or with the corresponding allergoi…
Rituximab modulates the expression of IL-22 in the salivary glands of patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome
2012
We have recently demonstrated that interleukin (IL)-22, mainly produced by T-helper 17 effector cells, natural killer (NK)p44+NK cells and epithelial cells, may be potentially involved in the pathogenesis of primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS).1 The IL-22/IL-22R pathway is known to play a role in the emergence of T and B-cell lymphoma2 ,3 and pSS is considered a risk factor for the development of lymphoma.4 Rituximab, which has historically been used for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma,5 has also been considered to be effective in the therapy of pSS.6 Ten consecutive patients with pSS (eight women and two men, with a mean duration of disease of 48±18 months), diagnosed according to the Americ…