Search results for "Alter"
showing 10 items of 2368 documents
Three New Oleanane Saponins from Zanha africana
1997
Three new saponins, zanhasaponins, A, B, and C, were isolated from the MeOH extract of the root bark of Zanha africana and were, respectively, identified by spectroscopic methods as 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-2 beta,16 alpha-dihydroxyolean-12-ene-23,28- dioic acid 28-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside (1); 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-2 beta,16 alpha-dihydroxyolean-12-ene- 23,28-dioic acid 28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L- rhamnopyranoside (2); and 3-O-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl-2 beta,16 alpha-dihydroxyolean-12-ene- 23,28-dioic acid 28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->3)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl (1-->2)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-a…
Structure and cytotoxicity of steroidal glycosides from Allium schoenoprasum
2013
Abstract A phytochemical analysis of the whole plant of Allium schoenoprasum , has led to the isolation of four spirostane-type glycosides ( 1 – 4 ), and four known steroidal saponins. Their structures were elucidated mainly by 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometry as (20 S ,25 S )-spirost-5-en-3β,12β,21-triol 3- O -α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β- d -glucopyranoside ( 1 ), (20 S ,25 S )-spirost-5-en-3β,11α,21-triol 3- O -α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-β- d -glucopyranoside ( 2 ), laxogenin 3- O -α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1 → 4)]-β- d -glucopyranoside ( 3 ), and (25 R )-5α-spirostan-3β,11α-diol 3- O -β- d -glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[β- d -glucopyranosyl-…
Two New Glycosides from Astragalus caprinus
2001
A new glycoside of flavonol (1) and a new glycoside of a cycloartane-type triterpene (2) were isolated from the leaves and the roots of Astragalus caprinus, respectively. Their structures were elucidated in turn by spectroscopic data interpretation as 3-O-[[beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->6)][beta-D-apiofuranosyl(1-->2)]]-beta-D-galactopyranosyl kaempferol (1) and 3-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-24-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-20,25-epoxycycloartane-3beta,6alpha,16beta,24alpha-tetrol (2).
Anti-inflammatory activity of saikosaponins from Heteromorpha trifoliata.
1995
By means of activity-directed chromatographic fractionation using the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)-induced edema test, two saikosaponins were isolated from the MeOH extract of Heteromorpha trifoliata leaves. They were identified as 16 beta, 23-dihydroxy-13,28-epoxyolean-11-en-3 beta-yl-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)]-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside [1] and 16 beta, 23,28-trihydroxy-11 alpha-methoxyolean-12-en-3 beta-yl-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)]-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->3) [beta-D-fucopyranoside [2]. Compound 1 showed activity in the TPA and ethylphenylpropiolate (EPP) mouse ear edema and the serotonin paw edema tests, whereas compound 2 was active o…
Body mass index and impact on semen quality of men attending an infertility clinic
2019
Background: The reproductive consequences of lifestyle factors in men are still controversial. In this prospective study, we verified the impact of body mass index alterations on semen parameters of patients who attended an infertility clinic. Materials and Methods: Semen samples from 156 subjects aged 22 to 53 years were analyzed. Smokers were categorized as mild (≤ 10 cigarettes/day), moderate (10-20 cigarettes/day”) and heavy smokers (> 20 cigarettes/day”). Men were grouped based upon calculated body mass index values (underweight, <18.5 Kg/m2; normal, 18.5-24.9 Kg/m2; overweight, 25-29.9 Kg/m2; obese, ≥ 30 Kg/m2). The data collected included patient height and weight, semen volume…
The wild taxa utilized as vegetables in Sicily (Italy): a traditional component of the Mediterranean diet
2018
Background: Wild vegetables in the Mediterranean Basin are still often consumed as a part of the diet and, in particular, there is a great tradition regarding their use in Sicily.In this study, an ethnobotanical field investigation was carried out to (a) identify the wild native taxa traditionally gathered and consumed as vegetables in Sicily, comparing the collected ethnobotanical data with those of other countries that have nominated the Mediterranean diet for inclusion in the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity and (b) highlight new culinary uses of these plants.Methods: Interviews were carried out in 187 towns and villages in Sicily between 2005 an…
Ocean acidification affects fish spawning but not paternity at CO2 seeps
2016
Fish exhibit impaired sensory function and altered behaviour at levels of ocean acidification expected to occur owing to anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions during this century. We provide the first evidence of the effects of ocean acidification on reproductive behaviour of fish in the wild. Satellite and sneaker male ocellated wrasse ( Symphodus ocellatus ) compete to fertilize eggs guarded by dominant nesting males. Key mating behaviours such as dominant male courtship and nest defence did not differ between sites with ambient versus elevated CO 2 concentrations. Dominant males did, however, experience significantly lower rates of pair spawning at elevated CO 2 levels. Despite the hig…
Do bank voles (Myodes glareolus) trapped in live and lethal traps show differences in tick burden?
2020
In studies assessing tick abundance, the use of live traps to capture and euthanize rodent hosts is a commonly used method to determine their burden. However, captive animals can experience debilitating or fatal capture stress as a result prior to collection. An alternative method is the use of lethal traps, but this can potentially lead to tick drop-off between the time of capture and collection. In this study, in order to determine whether subjecting animals to capture stress is inevitable, we tested the difference in sheep tick (Ixodes ricinus) larval burdens between bank voles (Myodes glareolus) captured alive and euthanized, and lethally trapped bank voles. During 2017 and 2018, 1318 b…
Anti-cytokine therapy for prevention of atherosclerosis
2015
Abstract Background Currently a chronic inflammation is considered to be the one of the most important reasons of the atherosclerosis progression. A huge amount of researches over the past few decades are devoted to study the various mechanisms of inflammation in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Purpose To review current capabilities of anti-inflammatory therapy for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations. Methods Appropriate articles on inflammatory cytokines in atherosclerosis and anti-inflammatory prevention of atherosclerosis were searched in PubMed Database from their respective inceptions until October 2015. Sections “The role of infl…
Obesogen effects after perinatal exposure of 4,4′-sulfonyldiphenol (Bisphenol S) in C57BL/6 mice
2016
International audience; Bisphenol A were removed from consumer products and replaced by chemical substitutes such as Bisphenol S (BPS). Based on their structural similarity, BPS may be obesogen like Bisphenol A in mice. Our objective was to determine the impact of BPS on lipid homeostasis in C57B1/6 mice after perinatal and chronic exposure. Pregnant mice were exposed to BPS via the drinking water (0.2; 1.5; 50 mu g/kg bw/d). Treatment began at gestational day 0 and continued in offspring up to 23-weeks old. Then, offspring mice were fed with a standard or high fat diet. The body weight, food consumption, fat mass and energy expenditure were measured. A lipid load test was performed to chec…