Search results for "Alzheimer's"
showing 10 items of 308 documents
Cerebrospinal Fluid Tau Protein Levels and <sup>18</sup>F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography in the Differential Diagnosis o…
2010
<i>Aims:</i> In this study, we aimed to compare cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of total tau (t-tau), phosphorylated tau (p-tau<sub>181</sub>) and positron emission tomography with <sup>18</sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) in the differential diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) under clinical conditions. <i>Method:</i> In a cross-sectional, blinded, single-center study, we examined a sample of 75 unselected memory clinic patients with clinical diagnoses of dementia of Alzheimer type (DAT; n = 24), amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 16), other dementias (n = 13) and nondemented controls (n = 22). Discriminative accuracy, sensitiv…
Physical exercise neuroprotects ovariectomized 3xTg-AD mice through BDNF mechanisms.
2014
Postmenopausal women may be more vulnerable to cognitive loss and Alzheimer's disease (AD) than premenopausal women because of their deficiency in estrogens, in addition to their usually older age. Aerobic physical exercise has been proposed as a therapeutic approach for maintaining health and well-being in postmenopausal women, and for improving brain health and plasticity in populations at high risk for AD. To study the neuroprotective mechanisms of physical exercise in a postmenopausal animal model, we submitted previously ovariectomized, six-month old non-transgenic and 3xTg-AD mice to three months of voluntary exercise in a running wheel. At nine months of age, we observed lower grip s…
Psychiatric and behavioural symptoms and the use of psychotropic medication in Special Care Units and Regular Units in Norwegian nursing homes
2008
Background: In a number of countries Special Care Units (SCUs) have been established to meet the particular needs of patients with dementia. The criteria for SCUs are poorly defined and often not met. Aim: To assess the frequency distributions of dementia, psychiatric and behavioural symptoms and the use of psychotropic medication in SCUs and Regular Units (RUs) across different regions. Methods and material: By means of a structured interview, comprising the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale and Lawton’s Physical Self-maintenance scale, a representative sample of 1163 nonselected nursing home patients was assessed. In addition, information was collected from…
Concepts for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: molecular mechanisms and clinical application
2005
To date, various strategies have been developed in order to prevent or to slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite the medical need for an effective therapeutic treatment of AD, progress towards this goal is painstakingly slow. Although AD is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and a large amount of primary basic and clinical research has been performed already, it appears very difficult to identify appropriate targets, which would promise fast, effective and safe strategies to combat the disease onset and progression. In this review, we present some of clinically applied treatment options, which may improve AD symptoms for a short period but so far lack the abi…
No paradox, no progress: inverse cancer comorbidity in people with other complex diseases.
2011
Salvador Martínez [et al.]. 5 p., 2 tables and references.
From obesity to Alzheimer's disease through insulin resistance
2021
Alzheimer's disease is one of the most frequent forms of dementia. It is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized by presence of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Obesity is regarded as abnormal fat accumulation with deleterious impact on human health. There is full scientific evidence that obesity and the metabolic comorbidities (e.g., insulin resistance, hyperglycaemia, and type 2 diabetes) are related to Alzheimer's disease and likely in the causative pathway. Numerous studies have identified several overlapping neurodegenerative mechanisms, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. In this review, we present how obesit…
Can Ketogenic Diet Improve Alzheimer's Disease? Association With Anxiety, Depression, and Glutamate System
2021
Background: Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in our society, mainly characterized by loss of cognitive function. However, other symptoms such as anxiety and depression have been described in patients. The process is mediated by alterations in the synaptic and extrasynaptic activity of the neurotransmitter glutamate, which are linked to a hypometabolism of glucose as the main source of brain energy. In that respect, Ketogenic diet (KD) has been proposed as a non-pharmacological treatment serving as an alternative energy source to the neurons increasing the fat percentage and reducing the carbohydrates percentage, showing promising results to improve the cogni…
Japanese, Mediterranean and Argentinean diets and their potential roles in neurodegenerative diseases
2019
Environmental factors are responsible of cellular senescence and processes found in the development of cognitive disorders. The aim of this paper is to compare benefits of the Japanese, Mediterranean, and Argentinian Diet on the onset or prevention of senile dementia (SD) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Special focus was on the effects of specific compounds such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), antioxidants, and saturated and trans fatty acids. A high adherence to diets rich in PUFAs, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and antioxidants may decrease the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases ; while the predominance of saturated and trans fatty acids possibly rises it.
Use of drug treatments for Alzheimer's disease in France: a study on a national level based on the National Alzheimer's Data Bank (Banque Nationale A…
2012
Purpose To examine the way in which specific drug treatments for Alzheimer's disease are used and whether their use complies with clinical practice guidelines issued by the French National Authority for Health in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methods We analysed a cross-section of the French National Alzheimer's databank (BNA). Participants were individuals who consulted centres contributing to the BNA in 2010 and diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease and with at least one Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) score recorded during the course of the year. Results Of 191 919 consultations recorded in the database, 29.9% involved a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, and 26 809 patients had co…
Inflammatory mediators as biomarkers in brain disorders.
2013
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer, Parkinson, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington are incurable and debilitating conditions that result in progressive death of the neurons. The definite diagnosis of a neurodegenerative disorder is disadvantaged by the difficulty in obtaining biopsies and thereby to validate the clinical diagnosis with pathological results. Biomarkers are valuable indicators for detecting different phases of a disease such as prevention, early onset, treatment, progression, and monitoring the effect of pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention. Inflammation occurs in neurodegenerative diseases, and identification and validation of molecules…