Search results for "Amazonian"

African volcanic emissions influencing atmospheric aerosols over the Amazon rain forest

2018

Long-range transport (LRT) plays an important role in the Amazon rain forest by bringing in different primary and secondary aerosol particles from distant sources. The atmospheric oxidation of dimethyl sulfide (DMS), emitted from marine plankton, is considered an important sulfate source over the Amazon rain forest, with a lesser contribution from terrestrial soil and vegetation sulfur emissions. Volcanic sulfur emissions from Africa could be a source of particulate sulfate to the Amazonian atmosphere upon transatlantic transport but no observations have been published. By using satellite observations, together with ground‑based and airborne aerosol particle observations, this paper provide…

Preliminary results of the 2017 season in the Amazonian earthen structures known as geoglyphs.

2018

O trabalho realizado pela equipe de pesquisa multidisciplinar, liderada pela Universitat de Valencia Estudi General (UVEG) e a Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), de detalhamento da topografia, em especial na RESEX Chico Mendes, criou progresso significativo no conhecimento das estruturas de terra construídas na paisagem amazônica, conhecidas popularmente como geoglifos, no que se refere a aplicação de topografia de alta precisão para algumas das estruturas, compreensão geral fenômeno e aplicação de uma nova estratégia de pesquisa, com o auxílio de ferramentas como o Google Earth, Google Maps, GPX, OpenStreetMap e Lidar. Ainda há muito trabalho de campo a ser feito na Amazônia Ocidental, n…

The Amazonian boundary layer and mesoscale circulations

2009

Numerous biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) species are released into the atmosphere from tropical forests. Measuring all those which are relevant for atmospheric chemistry or for the carbon budget is challenging. Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere (LBA) Experiment field campaigns substantially increased the number of field studies of isoprene and monoterpene emissions, as well as of the exchange of several other VOC species. This chapter reports about the progress made within LBA from primary emission measurements at the plant species level up to discussions of the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere and formation of secondary organic aerosol particles and cloud condensation nuclei f…

Amazonian biomass burning-derived acid and nutrient deposition in the north Andean montane forest of Ecuador

2008

[1] We explored the influence of biomass burning in Amazonia and northeastern Latin America on N, C, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Al, Mn, and Zn cycles of an Andean montane forest in south Ecuador exposed to the Amazon basin between May 1998 and April 2003. We assessed the response of the element budget of three microcatchments (8–13 ha) to the variations in atmospheric deposition between the intensive burning season and outside the burning season in Amazonia. There were significantly elevated H, N, and Mn depositions during biomass burning. Elevated H deposition during biomass burning caused elevated base metal loss from the canopy and the organic horizon and deteriorated already low base metal supply…

Corrigendum: Fire Responses to the 2010 and 2015/2016 Amazonian Droughts

2019

Land cover and its transformation in the backward trajectory footprint region of the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory

2019

Abstract. The Amazon rain forest experiences the combined pressures from human-made deforestation and progressing climate change, causing severe and potentially disruptive perturbations of the ecosystem's integrity and stability. To intensify research on critical aspects of Amazonian biosphere–atmosphere exchange, the Amazon Tall Tower Observatory (ATTO) has been established in the central Amazon Basin. Here we present a multi-year analysis of backward trajectories to derive an effective footprint region of the observatory, which spans large parts of the particularly vulnerable eastern basin. Further, we characterize geospatial properties of the footprint regions, such as climatic condition…

Bioaerosols in the Amazon rain forest: temporal variations and vertical profiles of Eukarya, Bacteria, and Archaea

2021

The Amazon rain forest plays a major role in global hydrological cycling, and biogenic aerosols are likely to influence the formation of clouds and precipitation. Information about the sources and altitude profiles of primary biological aerosol particles, however, is sparse. We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), a molecular biological staining technique largely unexplored in aerosol research, to investigate the sources and spatiotemporal distribution of Amazonian bioaerosols on the domain level. We found wet season bioaerosol number concentrations in the range of 1–5 × 105 m−3 accounting for > 70 % of the coarse mode aerosol. Eukaryotic and bacterial particles predominated, …

Pharmaceuticals and other urban contaminants threaten Amazonian freshwater ecosystems

2021

Abstract Urban areas in the Brazilian Amazon have grown at an unprecedented rate during the last years. About 90% of the wastewater produced by these urban areas are discharged untreated into Amazonian freshwater ecosystems, constituting a potential environmental pathway for pharmaceuticals and other chemicals consumed by modern societies (e.g. psychostimulants, personal-care products, hormones). The distribution of these chemicals into the Amazon River and their potential risks for freshwater biodiversity have not been evaluated so far. Here, we show the results of the largest chemical monitoring campaign conducted in the Amazon region. We assessed exposure patterns for 43 pharmaceuticals …