Search results for "Amide"

Switching from tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to tenofovir alafenamide or dual therapy-based regimens in HIV-infected individuals with viral load ≤50 …

2020

Our aim was to evaluate the association between recent eGFR values and risk of switching from TDF to TAF or dual therapy (DT) in real life. HIV-positive patients achieving HIV-RNA ≤50 copies/mL for the first time after starting a TDF-based regimen were included. Kaplan–Meier (KM) curves and Cox regression models were used to estimate the time from TDF to switch to TAF or DT. 1486 participants were included: median (IQR) age 36 (30–42) years; baseline CKD-EPI eGFR 99.92 (86.47–111.4) mL/min/1.73m2. We observed a consistently higher proportion of people with HIV-RNA ≤50 copies/mL who switched from TDF to TAF rather than to DT. By competing risk analysis, at 2 years from baseline, the probabil…

Comparison of diffusion, cytotoxicity and tissue inflammatory reactions of four commercial bleaching products against human dental pulp stem cells

2018

AbstractMultiple side effects related to bleaching were found to occur in the dental pulp tissue, including decreased cell metabolism and viability. In this work we evaluated the in vitro diffusion capacity, cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of four commercial bleaching products on stem cells from human dental pulp (hDPSCs). Two commercial bleaching gels hydrogen peroxide-based (HP), Norblanc Office 37.5% (Nor-HP) and Opalescence Boost 40% (Opal-HP) were applied for 30 min to enamel/dentine discs. Another two gels from the same manufacturers, 16% carbamide peroxide-based (CP), Norblanc Home (Nor-CP) and Opalescence CP 16% (Opal-CP), were applied for 90 min. The diffusion of HP was analysed …

Association of CYP2R1 rs10766197 with MS risk and disease progression

2017

Background MS is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease resulting from a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Among these, vitamin D and genetic variants associated with vitamin D-metabolism gain great attention. The aim of our study was to assess five SNPs in NADSYN1 and CYP2R1 genes in relation to serum 25-OH-vitamin D3 levels in MS patients and controls. Methods 25-OH-vitamin D3 levels and genotyping of CYP2R1- and NADSYN1-SNPs were investigated both in MS patients and in healthy controls. Results The analysis revealed lower 25-OH-vitamin D3 concentrations in MS patients than in controls and an association of rs10766197 CYP2R1 SNP with MS risk. After stratifying MS p…

Reductions in circulating endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol levels in healthy human subjects exposed to chronic stressors

2016

Increasing evidence indicates that chronic stress, such as social isolation, plays an important role in the development of a variety of psychiatric and somatic disorders. Meanwhile, chronic stress imposed by prolonged isolation and confinement in the spacecraft is also one of the major concerns for the health of future interplanetary space travelers. Preclinical studies suggest that the peripheral endocannabinoid (eCB) system is involved in the regulation of the stress response and eCB signaling is implicated in the pathogenesis of stress-related diseases. However, there are only few human studies addressing this topic, of which most focusing on patients who have already developed a certain…

Correlation of cerebral blood flow and MCA flow velocity measured in healthy volunteers during acetazolamide and CO2 stimulation

1995

Abstract The assessment of the cerebrovascular reserve capacity (RC) has become a widely used tool in the management of cerebrovascular disease. Discrepancies become obvious, however, if results obtained with different methods are compared. Aim of the present study, therefore, was to compare blood velocity and cerebral perfusion data in the same group of healthy test persons. In 32 volunteers regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured with the 133 Xe-inhalation method. F1 as grey matter flow and the initial slope index (ISI) were computed. Simultaneously flow velocity in the middle cerebral artery (V MCA ) was assessed by transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD). Measurements were perfor…

Asymmetry in dopamine D2/3 receptors of caudate nucleus is lost with age

2007

Molecular and functional imaging techniques reveal evidence for lateralization of human cerebral function. Based on animal data, we hypothesized that asymmetry in dopamine neurotransmission declines during normal aging. In order to test this hypothesis, we measured dopamine D2/3 receptor availability with [18F]desmethoxyfallypride-PET (DMFP) in putamen and caudate nucleus (NC) of 21 healthy, right-handed males (24-60 years; 35+/-10). For volumetric analysis, high-resolution T1-weighted MR-images were obtained in 18 of the PET-subjects in order to assess possible age-related decreases in NC and putamen volume. The calculated DMFP binding potentials (BP) showed a right-ward asymmetry in NC of…

Busulfan systemic exposure after oral administration of extemporeanously prepared high-dose busulfan capsules.

2009

Purpose. The aim of the study was to analyze patients’ busulfan (BU) exposure after oral administration of extemporeanously prepared BU capsules prior to blood stem cell transplantation. Methods. Patients were treated with 1 mg/kg body weight BU administered orally every 6h on each of 4 consecutive days prior to blood stem cell transplantation. Each BU dose was administered in 1 gelatine capsule to be swallowed and containing the individually calculated dose of pure BU active substance. Blood samples were obtained from 6 adult patients 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 300, and 360 min after the 1st, 5th, and 13th BU dose, frozen and analyzed subsequently by using a HPLC assay with UV detectio…

Quantification of the Fabry marker lysoGb3 in human plasma by tandem mass spectrometry

2011

Morbus Fabry is a hereditary metabolic disorder with low prevalence and late clinical manifestation. A defect in the α-galactosidase gene leads to lysosomal accumulation of the glycolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3). Gb3 may be used for monitoring of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), but diagnostic sensitivity is limited. Recently, globotriaosylsphingosine (lysoGb3) was introduced as a promising new marker with significantly better sensitivity. For Fabry diagnosis, clinical studies and possible therapy monitoring, we established a fast and reliable LC-MS/MS assay for quantification of lysoGb3 in human plasma. Protein precipitation and glycolipid extraction from EDTA plasma was performed usi…

Lorcainide. I. Saturable presystemic elimination.

1979

The role of cytochrome P450 2D6 in the metabolism of moclobemide.

1996

The metabolic fate of moclobemide (Ro 11-1163), a new reversible and selective inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A), has been assessed in a pilot study in 2 debrisoquine poor metabolizers (PM) and 4 extensive metabolizers (EM) after multiple oral dosings of moclobemide with and without co-medication of dextromethorphan. Absorption and disposition parameters were not different between PM and EM. Concurrent application of dextromethorphan, a selective substrate of CYP2D6, did not affect the pharmacokinetics of moclobemide. These results indicate that the cytochromal isoenzyme CYP2D6 does not play a major role in the metabolic degradation of moclobemide. Limited CYP2D6 activities beca…