Search results for "Amplitude modulation"

showing 10 items of 63 documents

Transmission and phase measurement for polarization eigenvectors in twisted-nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulators

1998

Recently we published theoretical expressions for the eigenvalues and eigenvectors for a twisted-nematic liquid crystal spatial light modulator (LCSLM) as a function of the twist angle and birefringence using the Jones matrix formalism. These polarization eigenvectors are of interest for newer video graphics adapter (VGA) resolution (640 3480 pixels) LCSLMs that are thinner and consequently have a lower birefringence. Although these devices can produce excellent amplitude modulation, they cannot achieve phase-only modulation using linearly polarized light. In these cases, the polarization eigenvectors are required to obtain phase-only modulation. We present experimental measurements for bot…

PhysicsPolarization rotatorBirefringencebusiness.industryGeneral EngineeringPhase (waves)PolarizerPolarization (waves)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.inventionAmplitude modulationOptical modulatorOpticslawLiquid crystalbusinessOptical Engineering
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Mechanical models of amplitude and frequency modulation

2005

This paper presents some mechanical models for amplitude and frequency modulation. The equations governing both modulations are deduced alongside some necessary approximations. Computer simulations of the models are carried out by using available educational software. Amplitude modulation is achieved by using a system of two weakly coupled pendulums, whereas the frequency modulation is obtained by using a pendulum of variable length. Under suitable conditions (small oscillations, appropriate initial conditions, etc) both types of modulation result in significantly accurate and visualized simulations.

PhysicsPulse-frequency modulationstudentMechanical modelsAcousticsPendulumGeneral Physics and AstronomyVariable lengthAmplitude modulationAmplitudequantum physicsModulation (music)physicFrequency modulationEuropean Journal of Physics
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Apparent remote synchronization of amplitudes: A demodulation and interference effect

2018

A form of "remote synchronization" was recently described, wherein amplitude fluctuations across a ring of non-identical, non-linear electronic oscillators become entrained into spatially-structured patterns. According to linear models and mutual information, synchronization and causality dip at a certain distance, then recover before eventually fading. Here, the underlying mechanism is finally elucidated through novel experiments and simulations. The system non-linearity is found to have a dual role: it supports chaotic dynamics, and it enables the energy exchange between the lower and higher sidebands of a predominant frequency. This frequency acts as carrier signal in an arrangement rese…

PhysicsSidebandApplied MathematicsStatistical and Nonlinear Physics; Mathematical Physics; Physics and Astronomy (all); Applied MathematicsFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicsNonlinear Sciences - Chaotic DynamicsTopologyInterference (wave propagation)01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasAmplitude modulationPhysics and Astronomy (all)Amplitude0103 physical sciencesBasebandMathematical PhysicDemodulationFadingTransfer entropyChaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)010306 general physicsMathematical PhysicsStatistical and Nonlinear PhysicChaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science
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Demonstration of a Plasmonic MMI Switch in 10-Gb/s True Data Traffic Conditions

2012

International audience; We report the first experimental performance evaluation of a 75-mu m-long plasmonic multimode interference switch that is hetero-integrated on a silicon-on-insulator platform, operating with 10-Gb/s data signals. The switch exhibits a 2.9-mu s response time and 44.5% modulation depth, while the extinction ratio between the ports alters from 5.4 to -1.5 dB for 35-mW electrical (switching) power. Error-free performance was achieved.

PhysicsSilicon photonicsExtinction ratiobusiness.industryTRANSMISSIONCHIPOptical cross-connectSilicon on insulatorResponse time02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesOptical switchAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPower (physics)010309 opticsAmplitude modulation020210 optoelectronics & photonics0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusiness
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Stability of gyrotron operation in very high-order modes

2012

This study was motivated by the desire to increase the power, which can be delivered by gyrotrons in long pulse and continuous regimes. Since the admissible power level is determined by the density of ohmic losses in resonator walls, to increase the radiated power a gyrotron should operate in higher order modes. Using an existing gyrotron developed for plasma experiments in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor as a base model, the stability of operation of such a gyrotron in modes with larger number of radial variations was studied. It is shown that the power level achievable in such gyrotrons in stable single mode regimes is close to 1.5 MW. The power level 1.7–1.8 MW can b…

PhysicsThermonuclear fusionTerahertz radiationAmplifierSingle-mode optical fiberMechanicsPlasmaEffective radiated powerCondensed Matter PhysicsPlasma oscillationStability (probability)Power (physics)Computational physicslaw.inventionAmplitude modulationResonatorNuclear magnetic resonanceControl theoryPhysics::Plasma PhysicslawGyrotronHigh orderOhmic contactNumerical stabilityPhysics of Plasmas
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Harmonic reduction in CHB 13-level inverters by PAM fundamental-frequency strategy

2019

In this paper cascaded H-bridges (CHB) 13-level inverters are considered and a particular pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) strategy is introduced to mitigate or eliminate many harmonic components on the output voltage, in order to obtain low Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) factor. This procedure defines different dc voltage sources and sets of six switching angles, depending on an integer parameter $q$ belonging to the close interval $I=[11, 15]$ . The obtained THD doesn't depend on modulation index $m$ . The control of $m$ is made by changing the dc voltage sources that depend linearly on m, while the switching angles remain constant. An investigation about the role of the $q$ parameter on…

PhysicsTotal harmonic distortionTotal Harmonic Distortion (THD)Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM)Modulation indexGrid CodesFundamental frequencySettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciTopologySettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaPulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM); Selective Harmonic Mitigation (SHM); Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE); Total Harmonic Distortion (THD); Grid CodesSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaSelective Harmonic Mitigation (SHM)Pulse-amplitude modulationGrid CodeHarmonicsHarmonicInverterVoltageSelective Harmonic Elimination (SHE)
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Spatial and spectral nonlinear shaping of multimode waves

2016

We demonstrate a novel nonlinear dynamics of multimode fibers that reshapes their spectral and spatial beam profiles, based on spatiotemporal modulation instability. Sidebands ranging from the visible to the near-infrared are carried by one and the same spatial bell-shaped profile.

Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multi-mode optical fiber[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]business.industrySingle-mode optical fiberPhysics::OpticsPolarization-maintaining optical fiber01 natural sciencesGraded-index fiber010309 opticsAmplitude modulationNonlinear systemOpticsModulation0103 physical sciencesPhysics::Accelerator Physics010306 general physicsbusinessBeam (structure)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Experimental evidence of the real multimode nature of geometric parametric instability

2020

We show experimentally that geometric parametric instability in graded-index multimode fibers is composed by several multimode spectral components. The experimental observation is obtained by using a new 3D technique of high-resolution spatial and spectral analysis.

Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics][PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Multi-mode optical fiberoptical fibersbusiness.industry02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesParametric instability010309 opticsAmplitude modulationOpticsKerr effectparametric instability0103 physical sciencesparametric instability; optical fibers; Kerr effectSpectral analysis0210 nano-technologybusinessComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSLaser beams
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Scaling the abruptly autofocusing beams in the direct-space

2017

International audience; We propose a simple technique to scale the abruptly autofocusing beams in the direct space by introducing a scaling factor in the phase. Analytical formulas are deduced based on optical caustics, explicitly revealing how the scaling factor controls location, peak intensity, and size of the focal spot. We demonstrate that the multiplication of a scaling factor on the phase is equivalent to the axial-scaling transformation under the paraxial approximation. Further numerical and experimental results confirm theoretical predictions. In addition, amplitude modulation using phase-only holograms is used to maintain the peak intensity level of the focal spots.

Physics[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-OPTICS]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Optics [physics.optics]Scale (ratio)business.industryParaxial approximationHolographyPhase (waves)01 natural sciencesAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticslaw.invention010309 opticsAmplitude modulationTransformation (function)Opticslaw0103 physical sciencesLight beam010306 general physicsbusinessScaling
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Combining super-orthogonal space-frequency trellis coding, constellation shaping by shell mapping, and OFDM for high data rate broadband mobile commu…

2014

In this paper, we seamlessly combine three transmission techniques to design an improved performance broadband mobile communication system with two transmit antennas. In so doing, we took inspiration from the V.34 data modem toolbox designed for public switched telephone network. We modified the constellation shaping by shell mapping algorithm to apply it only to the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) frame sent by the first antenna, in such a way that the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is also reduced for the second antenna. We use a 24-point quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) signal constellation on each subcarrier, while the reference system employs 16 QAM for the s…

QAMEngineeringTransmission (telecommunications)business.industryOrthogonal frequency-division multiplexingBit error rateElectronic engineeringConstellation diagramElectrical and Electronic EngineeringTrellis modulationbusinessQuadrature amplitude modulationSubcarrierTransactions on Emerging Telecommunications Technologies
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