Search results for "Amyloid"

Emerging contributions of formyl peptide receptors to neurodegenerative diseases.

2021

Abstract Inflammation is a central element of many neurodegenerative diseases. Formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) can trigger several receptor-dependent signal transduction pathways that play a key role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. They are chemotactic receptors that help to regulate pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in most mammals. FPRs are primarily expressed in the immune and nervous systems where they interact with a complex pattern of pathogen-derived and host-endogenous molecules. Mounting evidence points towards a contribution of FPRs – via neuropathological ligands such as Amyloid beta, and neuroprotective ligands such as Humanin, Lipoxin A4, and Annexin A1 – to mult…

Genistein effect on cognition in prodromal Alzheimer's disease patients : the GENIAL clinical trial

2022

Background: Delaying the transition from minimal cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s dementia is a major concern in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) therapeutics. Pathological signs of AD occur years before the onset of clinical dementia. Thus, long-term therapeutic approaches, with safe, minimally invasive, and yet efective substances are recommended. There is a need to develop new drugs to delay Alzheimer’s dementia. We have taken a nutritional supplement approach with genistein, a chemically defned polyphenol that acts by multimodal specifc mechanisms. Our group previously showed that genistein supplementation is efective to treat the double transgenic (APP/PS1) AD animal model. Methods: In this…

Gradient-echo and CRAZED imaging for minute detection of Alzheimer plaques in an APPV717I x ADAM10-dn mouse model.

2007

Different strategies to visualize amyloid plaques with MRI at 17.6 Tesla were investigated in a novel mouse model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Large iron-containing plaques were observed in the thalamus, but cortical plaques did not show iron deposits. Plaques in the thalamus were visualized in vivo with the use of low-resolution, 3D gradient-echo (GRE) imaging in 82 s, and with 94-microm resolution in 34 min. The feasibility of obtaining bright contrast from plaques using the COSY revamped with asymmetric z-GRE detection (CRAZED) technique was investigated in experiments on fixed brains. The original CRAZED approach provided reduced signal near the plaques (similarly to GRE imaging) and ad…

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Derived Aβ42-Lowering Molecules for Treatment and Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease (AD)

2007

Concanavalin A fibrils formation from Coagulation of Long-lived" Crinkled" Intermediates

2013

Cellular Prion Protein Participates in Amyloid-β Transcytosis across the Blood—Brain Barrier

2012

The blood—brain barrier (BBB) facilitates amyloid-β (Aβ) exchange between the blood and the brain. Here, we found that the cellular prion protein (PrPc), a putative receptor implicated in mediating Aβ neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD), participates in Aβ transcytosis across the BBB. Using an in vitro BBB model, [125I]-Aβ1–40 transcytosis was reduced by genetic knockout of PrPc or after addition of a competing PrPc-specific antibody. Furthermore, we provide evidence that PrPc is expressed in endothelial cells and, that monomeric Aβ1–40 binds to PrPc. These observations provide new mechanistic insights into the role of PrPc in AD.

The use of Stokes-Mueller polarimetry for assessment of amyloid-β progression in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

2020

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease, being a major societal burden, demands improvement of current techniques for its treatment and diagnostics. Currently only autopsy histology is able to provide the definite diagnosis for Alzheimer’s disease. However, the procedure is rather time consuming and costly. In the current study, we utilized Stokes and Mueller polarimetry techniques to screen for amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded mouse brain tissue at different stages of Alzheimer’s disease. The study has shown that the presence of Aβ plaques influences the properties of scattered polarized light. The Poincaré sphere was used as a graphical tool for the visualization of the a…

Stirring effects in amyloid fibril formation

2014

Decoding vibrational states of Concanavalin A amyloid fibrils.

2015

International audience; Amyloid and amyloid-like fibrils are a general class of protein aggregates and represent a central topic in life sciences for their involvement in several neurodegenerative disorders and their unique mechanical and supramolecular morphological properties. Both their biological role and their physical properties, including their high mechanical stability and thermodynamic inertia, are related to the structural arrangement of proteins in the aggregates at molecular level. Significant variations may exist in the supramolecular organization of the commonly termed cross-β structure that constitutes the amyloid core. In this context, a fine knowledge of the structural deta…

The sea urchin embryo: a model to study Alzheimer's beta amyloid induced toxicity.

2009

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. The cause of AD is closely related to the accumulation of amyloid beta peptide in the neuritic plaques. The use of animal model systems represents a good strategy to elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the development of this pathology. Here we use the Paracentrotus lividus embryo to identify molecules and pathways that can be involved in the degenerative process. As a first step, we identified the presence of an antigen related to the human APP, called Pl APP. This antigen, after gastrula stage, is processed producing a polypeptide of about 10 kDa. By immunohistochemistry we localized the Pl APP antigen in some ser…