Search results for "Anatomic"
showing 10 items of 16742 documents
Transcriptomic behavior of genes associated with chromosome 21 aneuploidies in early embryo development.
2019
To analyze how chromosome 21 (HSA21) ploidy affects global gene expression of early human blastocysts.Prospective study.University-affiliated in vitro fertilization clinic.A total of 26 high-quality donated embryos from in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients: trisomy 21 (n = 8), monosomy 21 (n = 10), and euploid (n = 8) blastocysts.None.Blastocyst transcriptome changes and its associated functions.Trisomy 21, monosomy 21, and euploid blastocysts were classified by comparative genomic hybridization. The global transcriptome of whole blastocysts was analyzed with small cell number RNA sequencing, and they were compared to understand the gene expression behavior at early development and its imp…
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a new target in anticancer drug discovery
2016
The conversion of cells with an epithelial phenotype into cells with a mesenchymal phenotype, referred to as epithelial-mesenchymal transition, is a critical process for embryonic development that also occurs in adult life, particularly during tumour progression. Tumour cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition acquire the capacity to disarm the body's antitumour defences, resist apoptosis and anticancer drugs, disseminate throughout the organism, and act as a reservoir that replenishes and expands the tumour cell population. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is therefore becoming a target of prime interest for anticancer therapy. Here, we discuss the screening and classification o…
Notch-1 decreased expression contributes to leptin receptor downregulation in nasal epithelium from allergic turbinates
2019
Abstract BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis is characterized by a remodeling of nasal epithelium. Since the Notch and TGF-β signaling pathways are known to be involved in cell differentiation and remodeling processes and leptin adipokine has already been identified as a marker for homeostasis in human bronchial and nasal epithelial cells of asthmatics, roles played by these pathways have been investigated for chronic allergic rhinitis. METHODS: The leptin/leptin receptor expression has been investigated in a study with 40 biopsies from allergic (AR, n = 18) and non-allergic (C, n = 22) inferior turbinates, using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR. In addition, extracts …
Assessment of liver fibrosis progression and regression by a serological collagen turnover profile
2018
There is a need for noninvasive biomarkers that can identify patients with progressive liver fibrosis and monitor response to antifibrotic therapy. An equally important need is identification of patients with spontaneous fibrosis regression, since they may not need treatment nor be included in clinical studies with fibrosis as end point. Circulating biomarkers, originating from defined fragments of the scar tissue itself, may serve as valuable tools for this aspect of precision medicine. We investigated a panel of serological collagen formation and degradation markers to identify patients likely to regress or progress in absence of a therapeutic intervention. Plasma samples from patients wi…
Human hippocampal neurogenesis drops sharply in children to undetectable levels in adults.
2018
New neurons continue to be generated in the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the adult mammalian hippocampus(1-5). This process has been linked to learning and memory, stress and exercise, and is thought to be altered in neurological disease(6-10). In humans, some studies have suggested that hundreds of new neurons are added to the adult dentate gyrus every day(11), whereas other studies find many fewer putative new neurons(12-14). Despite these discrepancies, it is generally believed that the adult human hippocampus continues to generate new neurons. Here we show that a defined population of progenitor cells does not coalesce in the subgranular zone during human fetal or postnatal …
Succinate receptor mediates intestinal inflammation and fibrosis.
2018
Succinate, an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, is accumulated in inflamed areas and its signaling through succinate receptor (SUCNR1) regulates immune function. We analyze SUCNR1 expression in the intestine of Crohn's disease patients and its role in murine intestinal inflammation and fibrosis. We show that both serum and intestinal succinate levels and SUCNR1 expression in intestinal surgical resections were higher in CD patients than in controls. SUCNR1 co-localized with CD86, CD206, and alpha-SMA(+) cells in human intestine and we found a positive and significant correlation between SUCNR1 and alpha-SMA expression. In human isolated fibroblasts from CD patients SUCNR1 expres…
Cell quality evaluation with gene expression analysis of spheroids (3D) and adherent (2D) adipose stem cells.
2021
Adipose stem cells (ASCs) represent a reliable source of stem cells with a widely demonstrated potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering applications. New recent insights suggest that three-dimensional (3D) models may closely mimic the native tissue properties; spheroids from adipose derived stem cells (SASCs) exhibit enhanced regenerative abilities compared with those of 2D models. Stem cell therapy success is determined by “cell-quality”; for this reason, the involvement of stress signals and cellular aging need to be further investigated. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of genes connected with stemness, aging, telomeric length and oxidative stress, in 3D and 2D …
Cognitive network hyperactivation and motor cortex decline correlate with ALS prognosis.
2021
We aimed to quantitatively characterize progressive brain network disruption in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) during cognition using the mismatch negativity (MMN), an electrophysiological index of attention switching. We measured the MMN using 128-channel EEG longitudinally (2-5 timepoints) in 60 ALS patients and cross-sectionally in 62 healthy controls. Using dipole fitting and linearly constrained minimum variance beamforming we investigated cortical source activity changes over time. In ALS, the inferior frontal gyri (IFG) show significantly lower baseline activity compared to controls. The right IFG and both superior temporal gyri (STG) become progressively hyperactive longitudina…
The torso integration hypothesis revisited in Homo sapiens: Contributions to the understanding of hominin body shape evolution.
2018
Objectives: Lower thoracic widths and curvatures track upper pelvic widths and iliac blades curvatures in hominins and other primates (torso integration hypothesis). However, recent studies suggest that sexual dimorphism could challenge this assumption in Homo sapiens. We test the torso integration hypothesis in two modern human populations, both considering and excluding the effect of sexual dimorphism. We further assess covariation patterns between different thoracic and pelvic levels, and we explore the allometric effects on torso shape variation. Material and Methods: A sex-balanced sample of 50 anatomically connected torsos (25 Mediterraneans, 25 Sub-Saharan Africans) was segmented fro…
Detection of circulating miRNAs: comparative analysis of extracellular vesicle-incorporated miRNAs and cell-free miRNAs in whole plasma of prostate c…
2017
Abstract Background Circulating cell-free miRNAs have emerged as promising minimally-invasive biomarkers for early detection, prognosis and monitoring of cancer. They can exist in the bloodstream incorporated into extracellular vesicles (EVs) and ribonucleoprotein complexes. However, it is still debated if EVs contain biologically meaningful amounts of miRNAs and may provide a better source of miRNA biomarkers than whole plasma. The aim of this study was to systematically compare the diagnostic potential of prostate cancer-associated miRNAs in whole plasma and in plasma EVs. Methods RNA was isolated from whole plasma and plasma EV samples from a well characterised cohort of 50 patient with …