Search results for "Anesthesia"

Cerebral protection against ischemia by locomotor activity in gerbils. Underlying mechanisms.

1995

Background and Purpose A previous communication of this laboratory demonstrated reduced mortality and neuronal damage by spontaneous locomotor activity preceding forebrain ischemia in Mongolian gerbils. The present experiments seek to elucidate potential mechanisms of protection by measurement of cerebral blood flow, cerebral tissue conductance as an indicator of ischemic cell swelling, and the cerebral release of eicosanoids. Methods Gerbils were maintained either in conventional cages (nonrunners) or with free access to running wheels (runners) for 2 weeks preceding 15 minutes of forebrain ischemia. During ischemia and 2.5 hours of reperfusion, cerebral tissue conductance was determined …

Comparison of antiplatelet effects of aspirin, ticlopidine, or their combination after stent implantation.

1998

Background —This study was performed to analyze the influence of either aspirin, ticlopidine, or their combination on platelet activation and aggregation parameters after stent implantation. Methods and Results —Sixty-one patients with successful implantation of a single Palmaz-Schatz stent in a native coronary artery were randomly assigned to either group A (aspirin 300 mg/d+ticlopidine 2×250 mg/d), group B (ticlopidine 2×250 mg/d), or group C (aspirin 300 mg/d). Platelet activation was evaluated on days 1, 7, and 14 by flow cytometry measurement of expression of CD62p (p-selectin) and the binding of fibrinogen to the platelet surface glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor. Platelet aggregation w…

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) changes following local brain compression in the cat.

1968

Epidemiological evaluation of intraoperative antibiosis as a protective agent against endophthalmitis after cataract surgery.

2006

PURPOSE To evaluate risk factors for endophthalmitis after cataract surgery and to retest recent findings on the protective effect of intraoperative antibiosis and the promoting effect of the clear corneal as compared to sclerocorneal incision. DESIGN Survey study. PARTICIPANTS Five hundred thirty-eight ophthalmosurgical centers in Germany. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Responder specific endophthalmitis incidence. RESULTS A total of 310 (58%) questionnaires were computed resulting in an overall count of 404 356 cataract surgeries and 291 self-reported endophthalmitis cases (crude rate 0.072%). The risk of postoperative endophthalmitis for sclerocorneal versus clear corneal incisions was not signifi…

Hypokalemia shortens relative refractory period of peripheral sensory nerves in man

1977

Absolute and relative refractory periods and the sensory conduction velocity of the median and ulnar nerves were determined in six patients suffering from hypokalemia of various origins. Nerve impulse conduction and the absolute refractory period remained normal, but the relative refractory period was shortened to 1.7 to 2.6 ms at serum K+ levels from 1.6 to 2.9 mval/l. As compared with normal values this decrease was statistically significant.

Transverse Small Skin Incision for Carotid Endarterectomy

2015

The purpose of this report is to determine the feasibility of short transverse skin incision (STI4 cm) for eversion (EEA) and patch (PEA) endarterectomy with or without shunt by comparing it with the outcomes after long transverse skin incision (LTI 4-8 cm).Of 164 elective consecutive patients (71 ± 2.73% symptomatic) operated at one institution over 24 months, 81 were treated with STI, while 83 patients received LTI. The LTI and STI groups did not differ in terms of age, symptoms, or risk factors. EEA or PEA under locoregional (LRA) or general (GA) anesthesia were performed.STI was associated with shorter operation times (75.19 ± 15.33 vs. 94.87 ± 41 and 99.4 ± 27.36 vs. 132.66 ± 51.32, re…

The acute myotoxic effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine after continuous peripheral nerve blockades.

2003

Bupivacaine causes muscle damage. However, the myotoxic potency of ropivacaine is still unexplored. Therefore, we performed this study to compare the effects of bupivacaine and ropivacaine on skeletal muscle tissue in equipotent concentrations. Femoral nerve catheters were inserted into anesthetized minipigs, and 20 mL of either bupivacaine (5 mg/mL) or ropivacaine (7.5 mg/mL) was injected. Subsequently, bupivacaine (2.5 mg/mL) and ropivacaine (3.75 mg/mL) were continuously infused over 6 h. Control animals were treated with corresponding volumes of normal saline. Finally, muscle samples were dissected at injection sites. After processing and staining, histological patterns of muscle damage…

The European Multicenter Study on Cyanoacrylate Embolization of Refluxing Great Saphenous Veins without Tumescent Anesthesia and without Compression …

2016

Percutaneous Nephrostomy in Obstructive Uropathy

1983

Since the original description by Goodwin in 1955, percutaneous nephrostomy (PNS) has assumed an important role in the management of obstructive uropathy. It was initially devised as an alternative to operative nephrostomy, but has now completely replaced the latter, for the following good reasons: 1. It can be done under local anesthesia. 2. It provides effective urinary drainage. 3. It carries an acceptable risk, with low morbidity and practically no mortality.

Terlipressin or vasopressin plus transdermal nitroglycerin in a treatment strategy for digestive bleeding in cirrhosis

1994

Between 1988 and 1990 an unblinded, randomized trial of terlipressin or vasopressin plus transdermal nitroglycerin, as part of a treatment strategy including emergency sclerotherapy for actively bleeding varices, was conducted during 165 admissions in 137 patients with cirrhosis and upper digestive bleeding. Eighty-four patient admissions were assigned to terlipressin (2 mg every 6 h) and 81 to vasopressin (0.4 to 0.8 unit per min) plus transdermal nitroglycerin (20 to 80 mg). The two groups were comparable for relevant clinical data, but there were slightly more patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or terminal conditions in the terlipressin group. After the 24-h study period, failure to …