Search results for "Angiogenesi"

Sequence of vascular patterning and gene transcription in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (15.1)

2014

Introduction: The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a well-established model of both vasculogenesis and angiogenesis; however, little is known about the genetic control of vascular patterning in the CAM. Methods: Using recent advances in chicken genomics, we investigated the relative expression of 84 angiogenesis genes during the growth and remodeling of the CAM microcirculatory network. Chick embryos, cultured ex ovo, were studied during embryonic development days (EDD) 8-14. UV laser microdissection was used to harvest capillary plexus and 1st, 2nd, and 3rd order conducting vessels for qRT-PCR analysis. Results: Two transcription peaks were observed between EDD 8 and 14. The first p…

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) induce in vitro angiogenesis process in human endothelial cells.

2008

Effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) on activation of angiogenesis were analysed using cultured umbilical human vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The cultures were exposed to a sinusoidal EMF to intensity of 1 mT, 50 Hz for up to 12 h. EMFs increased the degree of endothelial cell proliferation and tubule formation, coupled by an acceleration in the process of wound healing. Since this process is physiologically accompanied by a large modification in the structural organization of actin and focal adhesions, we analyzed the rearrangement of some cytoskeleton elements demonstrating a major reorganization of the fibres and of the focal adhesion complexes after …

Plexin-B1 activates NF-κB and IL-8 to promote a pro-angiogenic response in endothelial cells.

2011

Background The semaphorins and their receptors, the plexins, are proteins related to c-Met and the scatter factors that have been implicated in an expanding signal transduction network involving co-receptors, RhoA and Ras activation and deactivation, and phosphorylation events. Our previous work has demonstrated that Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D) acts through its receptor, Plexin-B1, on endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis in a RhoA and Akt-dependent manner. Since NF-κB has been linked to promotion of angiogenesis and can be activated by Akt in some contexts, we wanted to examine NF-κB in Sema4D treated cells to determine if there was biological significance for the pro-angiogenic phenotype o…

Stretch-induced Intussuceptive and Sprouting Angiogenesis in the Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane

2014

Vascular systems grow and remodel in response to not only metabolic needs, but also mechanical influences as well. Here, we investigated the influence of tissue-level mechanical forces on the patterning and structure of the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) microcirculation. A dipole stretch field was applied to the CAM using custom computer-controlled servomotors. The topography of the stretch field was mapped using finite element models. After 3 days of stretch, Sholl analysis of the CAM demonstrated a 7-fold increase in conducting vessel intersections within the stretch field (p 0.05). In contrast, corrosion casting and SEM of the stretch field capillary meshwork demonstrated intense …

2012

Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide and angiogenesis is critical in cancer progression. Development of new blood vessels and nutrition of tumor cells are heavily dependent on angiogenesis. Thus, angiogenesis inhibition might be a promising approach for anticancer therapy. Anti-angiogenic small molecule and phytochemicals as a cancer treatment approach are focused in these main points; modes of action, adverse effects, mechanisms of resistance and new developments. Treatment with anti-angiogenic compounds might be advantageous over conventional chemotherapy due to the fact that those compounds mainly act on endothelial cells, which are genetically more stable and homogenous compared t…

Ceylon cinnamon and its major compound Cinnamaldehyde can limit overshooting inflammatory signaling and angiogenesis in vitro: implications for COVID…

2021

AbstractOvershooting immune reactions can occur during inflammatory responses that accompany severe infections, such as COVID-19. Cytokines, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can generate positive feedback loops of inflammation, leading to long-term complications such as vascular endothelialitis, thrombosis, endothelial dysfunction, neurological impairments, and chronic fatigue. Dexamethasone can limit inflammation by inhibiting the activation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors. High dose dexamethasone, however, has undesirable side effects. Here, we show that Ceylon cinnamon and its major compound cinnamaldehyde can mitigate infla…

ChemInform Abstract: Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors - Current Status and Future Prospects

2010

Prostaglandins are formed from arachidonic acid by the action of cyclooxygenase and subsequent downstream synthetases. Two closely related forms of the cyclooxygenase have been identified which are now known as COX-1 and COX-2. Both isoenzymes transform arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, but differ in their distribution and their physiological roles. Meanwhile, the responsible genes and their regulation have been clarified. COX-1, the pre-dominantly constitutive form of the enzyme, is expressed throughout the body and performs a number of homeostatic functions such as maintaining normal gastric mucosa and influencing renal blood flow and platelet aggregation. In contrast, the inducible for…

Targeting Angiogenesis by Therapeutic Antibodies

2014

Investigation of inhibitory effects on EPC-mediated neovascularization by different bisphosphonates for cancer therapy.

2013

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are potent drugs, used in metastatic cancer-like prostate or breast carcinoma. In recent studies, besides reduced bone remodeling, influences on angiogenesis and neovascularization were reported. Since BPs have the tendency to accumulate in the bones, the biological effect of various nitrogen- and non-nitrogen BPs on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) that originated from bone marrow and mobilized under physiological and pathophysiological conditions, such as tumor neovascularization, was investigated. EPCs subsequent to 72-h treatment with different concentrations of bisphosphonates comprised the non-nitrogen-containing BP clodronate and the nitrogen-containing BPs i…

Role of Nitric Oxide for Modulation of Cancer Therapy Resistance

2010

Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) act as central second messengers in a balanced cellular network. While the complexity of nitric oxide (NO) signaling is far from being understood, and many controversial data can be found in the literature, there is evidence for NO as a major player of modulation of resistance to anticancer drugs and radiotherapy. Hypoxia in cancer tissues causes therapy resistance, and the hypoxia-inducing factor-1 (HIF-1) plays a predominant role in hypoxia-induced resistance. NO and NO-donating compounds sensitize tumor cells by inhibiting HIF-1 mediated transcription in hypoxic cells. Among a plethora of other genes, HIF-1-induced the transcription of the multidrug resist…