Search results for "Anosmia"
showing 10 items of 21 documents
Decreasing prevalence of specific anosmia to non-steroid odorants from childhood to adolescence
2020
International audience; Specific anosmia is defined as the inability to detect a particular odorant, despite a normal olfactory function. Previous studies reported sex-related difference in detection threshold to steroid odorants, like androstenone or androstadienone during adolescence, and boys showed an increased detection threshold with age. However, such investigations have not been performed for non-steroid odorants. Hence, the current study investigated sex- and age-related effects on the prevalence of specific anosmia in children/adolescents aged 5-14 years (n = 800) to non-steroid odorants. The detection thresholds of three non-steroid odorants (bacdanol, methylsalicylate, and 3-hyd…
Gender Differences in the Presentation and Outcomes of Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19
2021
Gender-related differences in COVID-19 clinical presentation, disease progression, and mortality have not been adequately explored. We analyzed the clinical profile, presentation, treatments, and outcomes of patients according to gender in the HOPE-COVID-19 International Registry. Among 2,798 enrolled patients, 1,111 were women (39.7%). Male patients had a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and more comorbidities at baseline. After propensity score matching, 876 men and 876 women were selected. Male patients more often reported fever, whereas female patients more often reported vomiting, diarrhea, and hyposmia/anosmia. Laboratory tests in men presented alterations consistent w…
Multicenter investigation of 1,036 subjects using a standardized method for the assessment of olfactory function combining tests of odor identificati…
2000
“Sniffin’ Sticks” is a test of nasal chemosensory performance that is based on penlike odor-dispensing devices. It is comprised of three tests of olfactory function: tests for odor threshold, discrimination and identification. Previous work has already established its test-retest reliability and validity in comparison to established measures of olfactory sensitivity. The results of this test are presented as a composite TDI score – i.e., the sum of results obtained for threshold, discrimination and identification measures. The present multicenter investigation aimed at providing normative values in relation to different age groups. To this end, 966 patients were investigated in 11 centers. …
Olfactory training is helpful in postinfectious olfactory loss: A randomized, controlled, multicenter study
2013
Objectives/Hypothesis: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of olfactory training (OT) on olfactory function in patients with persistent postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD). Study Design: Randomized, single-blind, controlled, multicenter crossover study. Methods: Twelve tertiary university medical centers participated. Investigations were performed at three visits (base- line, after 18 weeks, and after 36 weeks), including only subjects with PIOD of <24-months duration. At each visit, partici- pants received detailed assessment of olfactory function. Seventy subjects trained with high concentrations of four odors for 18 weeks; the other half (n 5 74) trained with low co…
Post-COVID-19 acute sarcopenia : physiopathology and management
2021
AbstractIn this review, we discuss the pathophysiologic and management aspects of acute sarcopenia in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 is as a multi-organ infectious disease characterized by a severe inflammatory and highly catabolic status, influencing the deep changes in the body build, especially the amount, structure, and function of skeletal muscles which would amount to acutely developed sarcopenia. Acute sarcopenia may largely impact patients’ in-hospital prognosis as well as the vulnerability to the post-COVID-19 functional and physical deterioration. The individual outcome of the COVID-19 and the degree of muscle mass and functional loss may be influenced by multiple fact…
Chemoresponsiveness and Breath Physiology in Anosmia
2014
Anosmia is a model to study the interaction among chemoreception systems. In the head injury, the traumatic irreversible anosmia caused by damage to olfactory nerve fibers and brain regions is of enviable research interest. In this study, psychophysiological tests for a comprehensive assessment of olfactory function were utilized to investigate anosmia, together with a new technique based on the breath real-time monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). We applied the breath and VOCs analysis to investigate chemoresponsiveness in the long-term irreversible post-traumatic anosmia.
El síndrome de Kallmann. Correlación fenotipo-genotípica.
2015
El Síndrome de Kallmann (SK) es una enfermedad genética del desarrollo, que asocia un hipogonadismo hipogonadotrópico (HH) congénito con pérdida total (anosmia) o parcial (hiposmia) del olfato. La alteración olfativa es secundaria a la aplasia o hipoplasia de las estructuras olfatorias (bulbos, tractos y surcos cerebrales olfatorios). El HH se debe a la deficiencia en la hormona liberadora de gonadotropinas hipotalámica (GnRH) como resultado del fallo en la migración de las neuronas productoras de esta hormona, por las vías olfatorias, desde la placoda olfatoria hasta el hipotálamo durante el desarrollo embrionario. La prevalencia del déficit de GnRH congénito se estima que es del orden de …
Accurate Triage of Oncological Patients for Safely Continuing Cancer Therapy During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic
2021
ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of clinical triage of oncological patients for safe continuation of cancer therapy implemented during the first SARS-CoV-2 outbreak.MethodsBetween 25 February and 21 April 2020, patients attending the Medical Oncology Unit, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia (Italy) for cancer therapy underwent triage to identify those with no signs and symptoms suspicious for SARS-CoV-2 infection in which antineoplastic treatment could be continued as scheduled. Triage questions investigated common symptoms (e.g., fever, cough, dyspnea, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, nasal congestion, conjunctival congestion, sore throat, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting); body temperature and p…
Recovery of olfaction after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: A review
2019
Objective Investigation of the postoperative olfactory function after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with and without polyps in a review. Data sources PubMed. Review methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted through June 2018 using relevant keywords. The titles/abstracts were reviewed to identify studies evaluating the sense of smell in CRS-patients pre- and postoperatively by either using the whole or parts of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test or the Sniffin' Sticks test. Study characteristics and outcome data of the included studies were extracted. Results In total, 106 studies were retrieved. Twenty-four studies comprising 1,956 patien…
The lyon clinical olfactory test: validation and measurement of hyposmia and anosmia in healthy and diseased populations.
2011
; International audience; The LCOT is a self-administered test designed to assess olfactory deficits. Altogether, 525 subjects contributed to the validation. Elderly participants were well represented in this sample. In a validation study (study 1), 407 healthy and 17 anosmic volunteers between 15 and 91 years of age underwent threshold, supraliminal detection, and identification testing. Cutoff values for normosmia and hyposmia were calculated and applied in a second study in a group of patients with smell complaints and in a group of Alzheimer patients with age-matched controls. Incidence of smell deficit was estimated at 5.6% in the healthy population of study 1, and at 16% in the elder…