Search results for "Antibody formation"
showing 10 items of 71 documents
LOW-DOSE INTERLEUKIN-2 INDUCES SYSTEMIC IMMUNE RESPONSES AGAINST HBsAg IN IMMUNODEFICIENT NON-RESPONDERS TO HEPATITIS B VACCINATION
1989
Abstract A metabolic monocyte defect appears to correlate with non-responsiveness to hepatitis B vaccine in many patients on haemodialysis. This defect prevents production of interleukin-2 during T-cell activation after antigen contact. Receptors for interleukin-2 are, however, expressed in greater numbers than in healthy subjects or uraemic responders to hepatitis B vaccination. In this study, ten uraemic patients, previous non-responders to vaccination against hepatitis B, were revaccinated with the same vaccine combined with one intramuscular injection (2·5 × 10 5 U) of natural human interleukin-2. Systemic production of antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen was initiated in tho…
Production of Anti-Endomysial Antibodies in Cultured Duodenal Mucosa: Usefulness in Coeliac Disease Diagnosis
2002
Although anti-endomysial antibodies (EmA) have been found in the supernatants of cultured intestinal mucosa from patients with coeliac disease (CD), in no study has the clinical reliability of this new diagnostic tool been investigated. Our aims were to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the in vitro production of EmA in CD diagnosis in consecutive patients with suspected CD, and to evaluate the reliability of the in vitro challenge in CD patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD).For the former aim, consecutive patients who were due to undergo intestinal biopsy for suspected diagnosis of CD were enrolled: according to the final diagnosis, these patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 com…
Retrobulbar adipocytes and humoral immunity in Graves' ophthalmopathy
1993
As CT and MR-imaging revealed an enlargement of retrobulbar fat tissue in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy, the role of the retrobulbar adipocytes in the pathogenesis of this disorder remains to be elucidated. To evaluate the in vitro influence of humoral immunity on retrobulbar adipose tissue, the effects of IgG and sera from 56 euthyroid ophthalmopathy patients and 53 controls on both porcine and human (patients' and controls') retrobulbar adipocytes were measured by means of several assays: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to reveal specific binding of antibodies to the adipocytes. Metabolic activity was determined by means of a colorimetric dimethyl thiazolium-diphe…
In Vitro Cytokine Production by HLA-B8, DR3 Positive Subjects
1994
It is well known that healthy subjects carrying the HLA-B8,DR3 haplotype may show an impairment of immune system, the T cells being the most affected. To gain insight into the mechanism(s) of the impairment displayed by these subjects, efforts have been centered on the study of in vitro cytokine production because of the pivotal role played by these mediators in the activation and control of several immune functions. The available results indicate that the ability to several immune functions. The available results indicate that the ability to produce interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2 and the soluble form of its receptor (sIL-2R) is impaired in HLA-B8,DR3 positive healthy subjects. To better charac…
Regulation of IgE production and airway reactivity by CD4(-)CD8(-) regulatory T cells
2015
The mechanisms of tolerance induction occurring in the course of allergen-specific immunotherapy have not been elucidated in full detail. Our study aimed to characterize high zone tolerance in mouse models of type I allergy and of allergic airway inflammation induced by subcutaneous sensitization of mice with high doses of the model allergen ovalbumin (OVA) without the use of adjuvant. Mice were immunized by subcutaneous injection of high doses (HD) of OVA or, for comparison, low doses (LD) of OVA in saline. HD-mice showed lower specific IgE, but augmented IgG in sera than LD-mice. Pre-treatment of mice with HD-OVA antigen-specifically inhibited IgE production subsequently induced by LD-OVA…
Injection of donor-derived splenic dendritic cells plus a nondepleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody to prolong primary skin graft survival indefinite…
2010
Abstract We have previously shown that injection of donor-derived Fischer rat OX62+ dendritic cells plus an anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody generates donor-specific CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells in Lewis rats spleens. The regulatory T cells indefinitely prolonged the survival of skin graft from Fischer rat and abrogated the antidonor antibody response. We have now shown that an injection of 2 × 10 6 donor-derived OX62+ dendritic cells plus 2 mg nondepleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (W3/25) at 28 days before grafting induced indefinite skin graft survival in this combination; whereas an injection on day −1 prolonged it only to 50 days. This effect is donor specific. In both cases, we s…
Cellular and humoral immune responses against cancer: implications for cancer vaccines.
1991
The key issue in tumor immunology is to identify antigens as target structures for a cancer-selective immunological attack in the tumor-bearing host, resulting in tumor rejection. There is a growing detailed understanding of structural and regulatory gene alterations giving rise to candidate rejection antigens and peptides in tumor cells. As well as reviewing the development of new adjuvant and recombinant vector systems, new approaches are suggested for the construction of cancer vaccines.
Microarray analysis of antibodies induced with synthetic antitumor vaccines : specificity against diverse mucin core structures
2017
Glycoprotein research is pivotal for vaccine development and biomarker discovery. Many successful methodologies for reliably increasing the antigenicity toward tumor-associated glycopeptide structures have been reported. Deeper insights into the quality and specificity of the raised polyclonal, humoral reactions are often not addressed, despite the fact that an immunological memory, which produces antibodies with cross-reactivity to epitopes exposed on healthy cells, may cause autoimmune diseases. In the current work, three MUC1 antitumor vaccine candidates conjugated with different immune stimulants are evaluated immunologically. For assessment of the influence of the immune stimulant on a…
Invariant NKT cells are expanded in peripheral blood but are undetectable in salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome
2016
OBJECTIVES: Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells play a role in regulating the function of autoreactive B cells before their entry into germinal centres. Absence and/or reduction of iNKT cells have been demonstrated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) together with an increase of autoreactive B cell activity. Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which lymphocyte infiltration and organisation in lymphoid structures of inflamed salivary glands occurs. The aim of the study was to investigate the percentage and function of iNKT in the salivary glands and peripheral blood of patients with pSS. METHODS: Minor salivary gland biopsies were obtained from patient…
Activated glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP)-expressing regulatory T cells inhibit allergen-induced intestinal inflammation in humanized m…
2015
Background Recently, we developed a humanized mouse model of allergen-induced IgE-dependent gut inflammation in PBMC-engrafted immunodeficient mice. Objective In the present study, we wanted to investigate the role of regulatory T (Treg) cells and their activation status in this model. Methods Nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency-γc −/− mice were injected intraperitoneally with human PBMCs from allergic donors together with the respective allergen or NaCl as control in the presence or absence of different concentrations of CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells of the same donor. After an additional allergen boost 1 week later, mice were challenged with the allergen rectally on day 21 and gu…