Search results for "Antrum"
showing 10 items of 22 documents
Downregulation of nNOS and synthesis of PGs associated with endotoxin-induced delay in gastric emptying
2002
A single intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin (40 μg/kg) significantly delayed gastric emptying of a solid nutrient meal. Blockade of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) with 30 mg/kg ip N G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester or 20 mg/kg ip 7-nitroindazole [neuronal NOS (nNOS) inhibitor] significantly delayed gastric emptying in control animals but failed to modify gastric emptying in endotoxin-treated rats. Administration of 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg ip N 6-iminoethyl-l-lysine [inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor] had no effect in either experimental group. Indomethacin (5 mg/kg sc), NS-398 (cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor; 10 mg/kg ip), and dexamethasone (10 mg/kg sc) but not quinacrine (20 mg/kg ip) significantl…
Clinical and endoscopic presentation of primary gastric lymphoma: a multicentre study
2006
1. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2006 Mar 15;23(6):721-6. Clinical and endoscopic presentation of primary gastric lymphoma: a multicentre study. Andriani A, Zullo A, Di Raimondo F, Patti C, Tedeschi L, Recine U, Caruso L, Bonanno G, Chiarenza A, Lizzani G, Miedico A, Romanelli A, Costa A, Linea C, Marrone C, Mirto S, Mistretta A, Montalbano L, Restivo G, Vinci M, Bibas M, Hassan C, Stella F, Cottone M, Morini S. Department of Haematology and Gastroenterology, 'San Giacomo' and 'Nuovo Regina Margherita' Hospitals, Rome, Italy. BACKGROUND: Although the stomach is the most frequent site of intestinal lymphomas, few data are available on both clinical endoscopic presentation of gastric lymphoma and p…
Interobserver variation in assessment of gastric premalignant lesions: higher agreement for intestinal metaplasia than for atrophy.
2013
Background Either atrophy or intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa are considered premalignant lesions. The new operative link for gastritis assessment staging system is based on the detection of atrophy, and the operative link for assessment of intestinal metaplasia staging system is based on the detection of intestinal metaplasia. Good interobserver agreement is necessary for identification of any premalignant condition. Aims The aim of this study was to compare the agreement between findings of gastric atrophy and intestinal metaplasia by expert and general pathologists and to analyze the possible reasons behind any possible disagreement. Methods Patients with dyspeptic symptoms, a…
Gastric Emptying in Infants with Gastroesophageal Reflux: Ultrasound Evaluation before and after Cisapride Administration
1992
The present study aimed to evaluate gastric emptying in children with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) by means of real-time ultrasonography, on the basis of measurements of the cross-sectional area of the gastric antrum. Twelve children with GER were studied (seven males, five females; age range, 3-13 months) and compared with 12 normal control children (six males, six females; age range, 3-13 months). The diagnosis of GER was confirmed by 24-h esophageal pH-monitoring. The GER patients had a significantly greater antral area than the controls at 90, 105, and 120 min after eating a standard meal (cow's milk formula, 300 ml/m2 body surface area); in addition, final gastric emptying time was si…
Glucagon-like peptide-2 relaxes mouse stomach through vasoactive intestinal peptide release.
2009
Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) influences different aspects of the gastrointestinal function, including epithelial growth, digestion, absorption, motility, and blood flow. Intraluminal pressure from isolated mouse stomach was recorded to investigate whether GLP-2 affects gastric tone and to analyze its mechanism of action. Regional differences between diverse parts of the stomach were also examined using circular muscular strips from fundus and antrum. In the whole stomach, GLP-2 (0.3–100 nM) produced concentration-dependent relaxation with a maximum that was about 75% of relaxation to 1 μM isoproterenol (IC50 = 2.5 nM). This effect was virtually abolished by desensitization of GLP-2 rece…
A new 1-week therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: rani- tidine bismuth citrate plus two antibiotics
1997
Background: One-week triple regimens are currently the most recommended therapy for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori. No previous study has evaluated the efficacy of a short-term regimen combining ranitidine bismuth citrate with two antibiotics. Methods: Seventy-two consecutive H. pylori-positive dyspeptic patients were recruited for this randomized, three-centre, open, parallel-group study. They were subdivided into two groups receiving either ranitidine bismuth citrate 400 mg b.d. + clarithromycin 250 mg b.d. and metronidazole 500 mg b.d. (group A) or ranitidine bismuth citrate 400 mg b.d. + clarithromycin 250 mg b.d. and metronidazole 250 mg q.d.s (group B) for 1 week. H. pylori in…
Incidence and predictive factors for perforation of the maxillary antrum in operations to remove upper wisdom teeth: prospective multicentre study.
2006
Our aim was to evaluate the incidence of perforations of the sinuses and their related treatment after the removal of upper wisdom teeth depending on various anatomical and clinical variables.A total of 1057 upper wisdom teeth were removed under local anaesthetic in the departments of oral surgery at the Universities of Bonn, Düsseldorf, Frankfurt and Mainz, Germany. Data were collected with the help of an anonymised questionnaire dealing with information about the patients, and the position and stage of the development of teeth, as well as the occurrence and size of an oro-antral communication and its treatment.Of 465 extractions and 592 osteotomies of the upper third molars, 134 intervent…
Glucagon-like peptide-1 relaxes gastric antrum through nitric oxide in mice.
2010
Abstract Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a proglucagon-derived peptide expressed in the intestinal enteroendocrine-L cells and released after meal ingestion. GLP-1 reduces postprandial glycemia not only by its hormonal effects, but also by its inhibitory effects on gastrointestinal motility. Recently, we showed that GLP-1 acts in the enteric nervous system of mouse intestine. Therefore our working hypothesis was that GLP-1 may have also a direct influence on the gastric mechanical activity since the major part of experimental studies about its involvement in the regulation of gastric motility have been conducted in in vivo conditions. The purposes of this study were (i) to examine exogen…
Ultrasonography and gastric emptying: evaluation in infants with gastroesophageal reflux.
1992
We have applied ultrasonography to the evaluation of gastric emptying in children. Two different populations have been investigated: normal children and children with gastroesophageal reflux. All the patients were less than 6 months of age. The diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux was defined by 24-h pH measurement. The technique, used to measure gastric emptying, is the one described by Bolondi et al. In this research we used the simplified method. All children had been submitted to the examination after 4-h fasting. The standard meal was the usual milk formula, 300 ml/m2 body surface area (BSA). A cross-section area of the gastric antrum was determined before a meal and every 15 min for 2…
Helicobacter pyloriinfection is not involved in the pathogenesis of either erosive or non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease
2003
Summary Background : The majority of reflux patients have non-erosive reflux disease. Aim : To evaluate the influence of Helicobacter pylori on oesophageal acid exposure in patients with both non-erosive and erosive reflux disease and in a group of controls. The pattern and distribution of chronic gastritis were also assessed. Methods : One hundred and twelve consecutive patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease agreed to undergo both upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and 24-h oesophageal pH-metry. Patients were grouped as H. pylori-positive or H. pylori-negative on the basis of both CLO-test and histology, and as cases with or without oesophagitis on the basis of endoscopy…