Search results for "Apolipoprotein"
showing 10 items of 354 documents
ApoB100,LDLR-/- mice exhibit reduced electroretinographic response and cholesteryl esters deposits in the retina
2008
International audience; PURPOSE. To evaluate the retinal phenotype of 7- and 14-month-old apoB100,LDLR–/– mice, a relevant animal model of lipid metabolism dysfunction. METHODS. Single-flash electroretinograms were obtained from 7- and 14-month-old apoB100,LDLR–/– and control mice fed a standard diet under both scotopic and photopic conditions. Visual cycle retinoids were analyzed in eyes from dark-adapted mice. Retinal and choroidal vascularization was evaluated with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. Fatty acids were analyzed in the retina. Esterified and free cholesterol was detected in eye cryosections. RESULTS. Scotopic and photopic b-wave amplitudes were significantly reduced in apoB100,L…
Effect of hypolipidemic treatment on emerging risk factors in mixed dyslipidemia: a randomized pilot trial
2012
Background The effects of different hypolipidemic treatment strategies on emerging atherosclerosis risk factors remain unknown. Materials and methods This is a prespecified analysis of a prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded end point (PROBE) study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01010516). Patients (n = 100) with mixed dyslipidaemia on a standard statin dose who had not achieved lipid targets were randomized to switch to the highest dose of rosuvastatin (40 mg/day) or to add-on-statin extended release nicotinic acid (ER-NA)/laropiprant (LRPT) or to add-on-statin micronized fenofibrate for a total of 3 months. Results Following 3 months of treatment, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) …
Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 8 at the Crossroad between Cancer and Neurodegeneration
2022
The low-density-lipoprotein receptors represent a family of pleiotropic cell surface receptors involved in lipid homeostasis, cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. The family shares common structural features but also has significant differences mainly due to tissue-specific interactors and to peculiar proteolytic processing. Among the receptors in the family, recent studies place low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8) at the center of both neurodegenerative and cancer-related pathways. From one side, its overexpression has been highlighted in many types of cancer including breast, gastric, prostate, lung and melanoma; from the other side, LRP8 has a potentia…
Antiatherosclerotic Effects of Small-Molecular-Weight Compounds Enhancing Endothelial Nitric-Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Expression and Preventing eNOS Unc…
2008
Many cardiovascular diseases are associated with reduced levels of bioactive nitric oxide (NO) and an uncoupling of oxygen reduction from NO synthesis in endothelial NO synthase (eNOS uncoupling). In human endothelial EA.hy 926 cells, two small-molecular-weight compounds with related structures, 4-fluoro-N-indan-2-yl-benzamide (CAS no. 291756-32-6; empirical formula C16H14FNO; AVE9488) and 2,2-difluoro-benzo[1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylic acid indan-2-ylamide (CAS no. 450348-85-3; empirical formula C17H13F2NO3; AVE3085), enhanced eNOS promoter activity in a concentration-dependent manner; with the responsible cis-element localized within the proximal 263 base pairs of the promoter region. RNA int…
Next-generation-sequencing-based identification of familial hypercholesterolemia-related mutations in subjects with increased LDL–C levels in a latvi…
2015
Background Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the commonest monogenic disorders, predominantly inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. When untreated, it results in early coronary heart disease. The vast majority of FH remains undiagnosed in Latvia. The identification and early treatment of affected individuals remain a challenge worldwide. Most cases of FH are caused by mutations in one of four genes, APOB, LDLR, PCSK9, or LDLRAP1. The spectrum of disease-causing variants is very diverse and the variation detection panels usually used in its diagnosis cover only a minority of the disease-causing gene variants. However, DNA-based tests may provide an FH diagnosis for FH patients…
Physical Activity and Amyloid-β Brain Levels in Elderly Adults with Intact Cognition and Mild Cognitive Impairment
2015
Objectives To examine the associations between amyloid-β brain deposition and physical activity (PA) in elderly adults without dementia and to investigate whether the association has a dose-response relationship. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting French community-dwelling people. Participants Elderly adults with normal or mildly impaired cognition (mean age 74.7 ± 4.2; 60.4% female) with available information on current self-reported PA and amyloid-β brain deposition measured using positron emission tomography (PET) using the PET-ligand florbetapir F 18 (n = 268). Measurements A standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) was obtained for each subject. Participants were divided according to …
Arterial and Venous Endothelia Display Differential Functional Fractalkine (CX 3 CL1) Expression by Angiotensin-II
2012
Objective— Angiotensin-II (Ang-II) promotes the interaction of mononuclear cells with arterioles and neutrophils with postcapillary venules. To investigate the mechanisms underlying this dissimilar response, the involvement of fractalkine (CX 3 CL1) was explored. Methods and Results— Enhanced CX 3 CL1 expression was detected in both cremasteric arterioles and postcapillary venules 24 hours after Ang-II intrascrotal injection. Arteriolar leukocyte adhesion was the unique parameter significantly reduced (83%) in animals lacking CX 3 CL1 receptor (CX 3 CR1). Human umbilical arterial and venous endothelial cell stimulation with 1 μmol/L Ang-II increased CX 3 CL1 expression, yet neutralization …
Limited agreement between biomarkers of neuronal injury at different stages of Alzheimer's disease
2013
Abstract New diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease (AD) treat different biomarkers of neuronal injury as equivalent. Here, we quantified the degree of agreement between hippocampal volume on structural magnetic resonance imaging, regional glucose metabolism on positron emission tomography, and levels of phosphorylated tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in 585 subjects from all phases of the AD Neuroimaging Initiative. The overall chance-corrected agreement was poor (Cohen κ, 0.24–0.34), in accord with a high rate of conflicting findings (26%–41%). Neither diagnosis nor APOE e4 status significantly influenced the distribution of agreement between the biomarkers. The degree of agreement t…
Diagnostic value of CD34 immunostaining in desmoplastic trichilemmoma.
1998
Desmoplastic trichilemmoma (DT) is a variant of trichilemmoma, characterized by a central prominent desmoplastic component which may simulate invasive carcinoma. We have studied the morphologic and immunohistochemical features of seven cases of DT. Immunohistochemistry was performed on paraffin sections using monoclonal antibodies to CD34 (QBEND/10), vimentin and GCDFP-15. CD34 was also tested in seven cases of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), three with outer root sheath differentiation and four with morphea-form features, and five squamous cell carcinomas. Histologically, features of conventional trichilemmoma were seen at the periphery of the seven lesions. In contrast, at the center, the epi…
Investigation of Sudan IV staining areas in aortas of infants and children: Possible prelesional stages of atherogenesis
2009
Although atherosclerosis in infants and children is generally acknowledged, the temporal and spatial sequence of LDL insudation, modification and intimal monocyte accumulation has not been systematically studied. We have investigated herein very early stages of lesion formation in human aortas of individuals up to the age of 15 years. Aortic specimens from 61 cases (37 male, 24 female) were examined. 34 cases were1 year old, 16 cases were between 1 and 5 years old, and 11 cases were between 6 and 15 years old. Areas preselected under a dissection microscope after Sudan IV staining were investigated in depth by immunohistochemical staining for apolipoprotein B, monocytes/macrophages, smooth …