Search results for "Apoptosis."

H2O2 INDUCES NECROPTOSIS IN MESOANGIOBLAST STEM CELLS

2018

Stem cells are used in regenerative medicine, but their therapeutic efficacy is compromised by their huge death during the first days post-transplantation. Indeed, the microenvironment within damaged tissues is hostile for stem cell survival mainly due to oxidative stress. H2O2 may play a relevant role in inducing death of the injected cells. The aim of our study was to determine the mechanism of mesoangioblast (A6) cell death after an H2O2 treatment. FACS analysis with annV/PI showed that H2O2 induced a dose and time-dependent decrement in A6 viability. We have also found an increase in caspases 8, 9 and 3 activity after the treatment. To assess their involvement in cell death, the pan cas…

Relazione tra autofagia e apoptosi in embrioni di riccio di mare esposti a stress

2012

L’embrione di riccio di mare Paracentrotus lividus è stato utilizzato come organismo modello della biologia dello sviluppo per molti anni ed è considerato il deuterostoma più primitivo, con scheletro calcificato, correlato a protocordati e vertebrati. Tale sistema offre un'eccellente opportunità per studiare le numerose strategie di difesa che gli embrioni mettono in atto contro diverse condizioni di stress. In precedenza, abbiamo riportato che l’esposizione di embrioni a dosi citotossiche di cadmio, provoca l'accumulo intracellulare del metallo e l'attivazione del sistema difensivo, in modo dose-tempo dipendente, attraverso la sintesi di specifiche HSPs e/o l’innesco di apoptosi. Mediante …

The histone deacetylase inhibitor ITF2357 targets oncogenic BRAF in human melanoma cells

2016

ITF2357 (Givinostat) is a potent antineoplastic histone deacetylase inhibitor which is currently used in clinical trials for leukemias and myelomas and in the therapy for systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Here evidence is provided that ITF2357 reduces the viability of human melanoma SK-Mel28 cells thereby inducing cell death. This compound was more efficacious than SAHA, another well known HDAC inhibitor belonging to the same class of hydroxamic acids. Moreover, we demonstrated for the first time that ITF2357 determines in SK-Mel28 cells a remarkable reduction in the level of oncogenic B-Raf, the product of the BRAF V600E mutated gene in melanoma. Western blot analysis showed that the…

p8 (candidate of metasiasis 1) drives ER-stress/autophagy/apoptosis axis induced by the synthetic cannabinoid WIN in HCC cells.

2010

Background: Today, evidence is emerging for the role of autophagy in the regulation of life and death of tumour cells and its relationship with ER-stress signaling. Our previous results demonstrated that hepatoma HepG2 cells are sensitive to apoptotic effects induced by WIN, a synthetic cannabinoid, which acts through a mechanism involving the reduction in the levels of some survival factors and the activation of pro-apoptotic ones. Since WIN effects were observed after 36−48 hours of treatment, we investigated the possible activation of ER-stress and autophagic process in the first hours of WIN treatment focusing our attention on p8, a factor whose expression is upregulated in response to …

Telomerase activity and telomeric states in cell proliferative and differentiative mechanisms.

2008

Telomeres are DNA-protein complexes playing an important role in the maintenance of genome integrity. Telomerase is the enzyme acting as a template for addition of new telomeric repeats; this addition is essential for those cellular populations that have proliferative and differentiative potential. Telomerase and associated proteins are essential in response to DNA damage. Moreover, telomere-associated proteins as TRF2 are involved in all signalling transduction pathway which drive cellular proliferation and differentiation. In somatic cells, shortening of telomeres contributes to the onset of senescence or apoptosis; tissues which require cellular renewal express telomerase activity in ord…

Effect of chronic treatment with CB1 receptor antagonist (Rimonabant) on B-cells apoptosis in the pancreas of obese Zucker rats. An immunohistochemic…

2009

Immunohistochemical expression and apoptotic role of Caspase9 in aortic aneurysms

2009

Human dental pulp cell apoptosis: immunohistochemical study after applying orthodontic traction.

2012

The aim of this study was to compare human dental pulp stress and programmed cell death after 3 and 6 months of orthodontic treatments by assessing the degree of apoptosis and related proteins. Human dental pulps were collected from twenty young patients orthodontically treated by Straight Wire technique. Samples were fixed, paraffin-embedded and processed for histology and immunohistochemistry using anti-heat shock protein 60 kDa (Hsp60), -caspase 3, -caspase 9, and -PCNA antibodies, as well as TUNEL reactions. Moreover, we performed immunoprecipitation for Hsp60 and caspase 3, and for Hsp60 and caspase 9, from paraffin extracted tissues. Increased levels of both caspases and Hsp60 occurre…

On p21 tracking property in cancer cell unravelled bio-digitally in silico. Are apoptosis principles universal?

2010

Upon severe DNA damage, p21 acts in a dual mode; on the one hand, it inhibits the cyclin-CDK complex for arresting the G2/M transition and on the other hand, it indirectly becomes an apoptotic factor by activating--in sequence--the retinoblastoma protein, E2F1 and APAF1 expressions. But, in a cancer cells proliferation, the mechanisms of, and participants in, the apoptosis failure remain unclear. Since the p21/p53/Mdm2 proteins network normally involves a digital response in a cancer cell, through an original design of a cell signalling-protein simulator, we demonstrate, in silico, that apoptosis phase instability is fully reciprocated by p21 mRNA irregular dynamics which operates according…

CAN THE AORTIC WALL COMMUNICATE WITH US?

2014

OBJECTIVE: Association between aortic aneurysm wall and risk of rupture or dissection. METHODS: Aortic specimens were obtained from 73 patients (51 men and 22 women, whose median age 61.7± 10.7 years) undergoing surgical repair of thoracic ascending aneurysm (TAA). Histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses were performed using adequate tissue specimens, appropriate techniques and criteria. Furthermore, genetic risk factors were also investigated. RESULTS: We identified three phenotypes of TAAs with different quality of aortic wall at the time of operation: phenotype I (normal wall); phenotype II (moderate wall thickness); phenotype III (thin and weak wall). No significant differenc…