Search results for "Apoptosis."

Apoptosis is not involved in the Mechanisms of postresuscitation Myocardial Dysfunction in a Rat Model Of Cardiac arrest an CPR

2009

Evaluation of DNA damage in human spermatozoa: a sperm quality assay.

2008

Several studies have demonstrated the relationship between gonadotrophine serum levels and the apoptosis rate in germinal cells. In human, lower FSH serum levels are associated with reduced Sperm Standard Parameters in term of concentration, motility and morphology and higher sperm DNA fragmentation. Hypogonadotrope hypogonadism is a clinical condition associated with male infertility, characterized by low serum levels of gonadotrophins. In this pilot study we investigated the spermatozoa quality of 11 patients with development of hypogonadotrope hypogonadism urdergoing in vitro fertilization programs. Recombinant-FSH administered to improve the sperm parameters, apoptosis rate, aiming to i…

Apoptosis and pAKT levels in cumulus cells of patients undergoing in vitro fertilization program with specific polymorphisms of gonadotropins and the…

2016

Study question Is there a difference in oocyte competence among patients with different gonadotrophin polymorphisms, after ovarian stimulation with r-FSH? Summary Answer Higher DNA Fragmentation Index and cleaved caspase-3 related to lower level of pAKT has been observed in patients with specific gonadotrophin polymorphism (FSHR and LHB). What is known already • In our experience, the DFI, the percentage of cleaved caspase-3 and the pAKT on cumulus cells can be used as molecular markers of oocyte competence; • The polymorphic variant of LHB is characterized by an extra glycosylation signal into the β subunit. This molecular variation influences the pharmacokinetic properties of v-betaLH, sh…

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DNA FRAGMENTATION INDEX AND pAKT IN CUMULUS CELLS: NEW MARKERS OF OOCYTE COMPETENCE

2016

The specific LH and FSH polymorphisms could influence the growth of follicles and oocytes.Some studies have shown that certain single nucleotide polymorphisms of FSHR are associated with changes in the ovarian activity, having functional implications in human reproduction. Carriers of polymorphic variant of betaLH show sub-optimal ovarian response to the standard long GnRH-agonist down-regulation protocol, when stimulated with recombinant FSH. No studies have been designed relating the polymorphic variants of FSHR and LHB with the oocyte competence. In previous studies, we demonstrated the correlation between the apoptosis rate and the expression level of some survival pathways molecules, a…

Apoptosis in human sperm as a quality marker for a new diagnostic approach of infertile patients

2018

The quality of the sperm DNA is one of the most important molecular markers of male reproductive potential (Bosco, L et al., 2018, Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 58:243-249). The aim of this study was to evaluate sperm DNA fragmentation according to morphology, to predict the probability of selecting a sperm with normal morphology and intact DNA. An observational study was performed on 70 patients with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) and semen parameters such as sperm density, motility and morphology were evaluated in all patients. DFI was calculated using the in situ TUNEL assay. DFI can be determined and thus used as a marker of sperm quality for a diagnostic …

A novel compound of triphenyltin(IV) with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-L-ornithine causes cancer cell death by inducing a p53-dependent activation of the mi…

2017

The triphenyltin(IV) compound with N-tert-butoxycarbonyl-L-ornithine (Boc-Orn-OH), [Ph3Sn(Boc-Orn-O)], was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, solution1H,13C and119Sn NMR and ESI mass spectrometry. The organotin(IV) compound inhibited at very low micromolar concentrations the growth of human tumor cell lines HepG2 (hepatocarcinoma cells), MCF-7 (mammary cancer) and HCT116 (colorectal carcinoma) while it did not affect the viability of non-malignant human-derived hepatic cells Chang. The mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of Ph3Sn(Boc-Orn-O), investigated on human hepatoma HepG2 cells, was pro-apoptotic, being associated with externalization of plasma membrane …

Neuronal cell cycle: the neuron itself and its circumstances.

2015

Neurons are usually regarded as postmitotic cells that undergo apoptosis in response to cell cycle reactivation. Nevertheless, recent evidence indicates the existence of a defined developmental program that induces DNA replication in specific populations of neurons, which remain in a tetraploid state for the rest of their adult life. Similarly, de novo neuronal tetraploidization has also been described in the adult brain as an early hallmark of neurodegeneration. The aim of this review is to integrate these recent developments in the context of cell cycle regulation and apoptotic cell death in neurons. We conclude that a variety of mechanisms exists in neuronal cells for G1/S and G2/M check…

The AHR in the Control of Cell Cycle and Apoptosis

2011

Superoxide Flux in Endothelial Cells via the Chloride Channel-3 Mediates Intracellular Signaling

2007

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been implicated in both cell signaling and pathology. A major source of ROS in endothelial cells is NADPH oxidase, which generates superoxide (O2.−) on the extracellular side of the plasma membrane but can result in intracellular signaling. To study possible transmembrane flux of O2.−, pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells were preloaded with the O2.−-sensitive fluorophore hydroethidine (HE). Application of an extracellular bolus of O2.−resulted in rapid and concentration-dependent transient HE oxidation that was followed by a progressive and nonreversible increase in nuclear HE fluorescence. These fluorescence changes were inhibited by superoxide dism…

Bax-derived membrane-active peptides act as potent and direct inducers of apoptosis in cancer cells.

2011

SUMMARYAlthough many cancer cells are primed for apoptosis, they usually develop resistance to cell death at multiple levels. Permeabilization of the outer mitochondrial membrane, which is mediated by proapoptotic Bcl-2 family members like Bax, is considered as a point-of-no-return for initiating apoptotic cell death. This crucial role has placed Bcl-2 family proteins as recurrent targets for anticancer drug development. Here, we propose and demonstrate a new concept based on using minimal active version of Bax to induce cell death independently of endogenous Bcl-2 proteins. We show that membrane-active segments of Bax can directly induce the release of mitochondria-residing apoptogenic fac…