Search results for "Application"

showing 10 items of 5559 documents

Fabrication and Modelling of Three-Dimensional Sub-kelvin Phononic Crystals

2012

We have investigated the fabrication and computational modelling of threedimensional phononic crystals for the observation of full band gaps for thermal phonons at sub-kelvin temperatures. Self-assembled arrays of monodisperse polystyrene nanospheres have been fabricated using a vertical deposition technique. Optimal conditions for increasing crystal domain size and crystalline quality have been studied. In addition, the phononic band structure has been computed using the finite element method for the simple cubic lattice. The dependence of band structure on contact area between spheres has also been studied. For small enough contact area a large band gap is observed, predicting a strong in…

HistoryFabricationMaterials scienceCondensed matter physicsPhononBand gapFinite element methodComputer Science ApplicationsEducationCrystalCrystallographySPHERESNanoscale science and low-D systemsElectronic band structureContact areaJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Unsteadiness and transition to turbulence in woven spacer filled channels for Membrane Distillation

2017

To characterize the performance of Membrane Distillation (MD) modules, channels filled with woven spacers were investigated by Computational Fluid Dynamics (including Direct Numerical Simulations and the use of the SST k-ω turbulence model) and by parallel experiments with Thermochromic Liquid Crystals. The cases considered here regard mutually orthogonal filaments with a spacer pitch to channel height ratio P/H=2, two spacer orientations θ with respect to the main flow (0° and 45°), and bulk Reynolds numbers Re from ∼200 to ∼2000, an interval of great interest in practical MD applications. For both values of θ, CFD predicted steady-state flow for Re up to ∼300, and chaotic flow …

HistoryFlow (psychology)Thermodynamics02 engineering and technologyComputational fluid dynamicsEducationPhysics::Fluid Dynamicssymbols.namesake020401 chemical engineeringLiquid crystal0204 chemical engineeringbusiness.industryTurbulenceChemistryOscillationSpacer-filled channels CFD membrane distillation turbulence RANS DNSReynolds numberMechanics021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyComputer Science ApplicationsHeat transfersymbols0210 nano-technologyReynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equationsbusiness
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GPR 3D model in the area of the San Nicola church, Misterbianco (Sicily)

2022

Abstract In 1669 the most destructive eruption on Etna volcano was recorded since historical times (about 700 BCE), whose lava flow destroyed completely the ancient town of Misterbianco, located on the southern slope of Mount Etna. San Nicola church is one of the three churches that historically were covered by lava flow. In the 1980s, some works for the construction of a parking lot allowed to discover an ancient wall belonging to the church. Some georadar prospections were carried out in the investigated area finalized to reconstruct the planimetric development of the ancient church and to direct future excavation works.

HistoryGPREtnaHeritageComputer Science ApplicationsEducationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Lorentz invariance and gauge equivariance

2014

Trying to place Lorentz and gauge transformations on the same foundation, it turns out that the first one generates invariance, the second one equivariance, at least for the abelian case. This similarity is not a hypothesis but is supported by and a consequence of the path integral formalism in quantum field theory.

HistoryGauge bosonIntroduction to gauge theoryCPT symmetryLorentz transformationLorentz covarianceComputer Science ApplicationsEducationsymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsLorenz gauge conditionsymbolsQuantum field theoryMathematical physicsGauge fixingMathematicsJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Understanding the detector behavior through Montecarlo and calibration studies in view of the SOX measurement

2015

International audience; Borexino is an unsegmented neutrino detector operating at LNGS in central Italy. The experiment has shown its performances through its unprecedented accomplishments in the solar and geoneutrino detection. These performances make it an ideal tool to accomplish a state- of-the-art experiment able to test the existence of sterile neutrinos (SOX experiment). For both the solar and the SOX analysis, a good understanding of the detector response is fundamental. Consequently, calibration campaigns with radioactive sources have been performed over the years. The calibration data are of extreme importance to develop an accurate Monte Carlo code. This code is used in all the n…

HistoryGeoneutrinoCalibration (statistics)Physics::Instrumentation and DetectorsNuclear engineeringMonte Carlo method01 natural sciencesprogrammingParticle detectorEducationPhysics and Astronomy (all)0103 physical sciencesddc:530[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det]010306 general physicsSimulationBorexinoPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetectorneutrino: sterilecalibrationComputer Science::Computers and SocietyComputer Science ApplicationsNeutrino detectorBorexinoHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentNeutrinonumerical calculations: Monte Carloperformance
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Cosmological constraints on heavy sterile neutrinos

2022

We consider heavy sterile neutrinos $\nu_s$, with mass in the range 10 MeV $\lesssim m_s \lesssim m_{\pi} \sim 135$ MeV, thermally produced in the early universe and freezing out after the QCD phase transition. The existence of these neutrinos may alter the value of the effective number of neutrino species $N_{\rm eff}$, measured by the cosmic microwave background (CMB), and the ${}^4$He production during the BBN. We provide a detailed account of the solution of the relevant Boltzmann equations and we identify the parameter space constrained by current Planck satellite data and forecast the parameter space probed by future Stage-4 ground-based CMB (CMB-S4) observations.

HistoryHigh Energy Physics - PhenomenologyHigh Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)Computer Science::Information RetrievalHigh Energy Physics::PhenomenologyFOS: Physical sciencesHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsComputer Science ApplicationsEducation
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(208)po populated through EC/beta(+) decay

2020

The structure of 208Po resulting from the EC/β + decay of 208At was studied at CERN’s ISOLDE Decay Station (IDS). The high statistics afforded by the high yield of 208At and the high efficiency HPGe clusters at the IDS allowed for greater insight into lower intensity transitions and thus significant expansion of the 208Po level scheme. Furthermore, investigation into the isomeric state yielded a new half life 377(9) ns in addition to uncovering new transitions populating the state.

HistoryHorizon (archaeology)010308 nuclear & particles physicsIndustrial strategy01 natural scienceslanguage.human_language3100Computer Science ApplicationsEducationGermanPolitical science0103 physical scienceslanguageEconomic historymedia_common.cataloged_instanceFísica nuclearNuclear Physics - ExperimentEuropean union010306 general physicsydinfysiikkapoloniummedia_common
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Laser spectroscopy of gallium isotopes beyond N = 50

2012

The installation of an ion-beam cooler-buncher at the ISOLDE, CERN facility has provided increased sensitivity for collinear laser spectroscopy experiments. A migration of single-particle states in gallium and in copper isotopes has been investigated through extensive measurements of ground state and isomeric state hyperfine structures. Lying beyond the N = 50 shell closure, 82Ga is the most exotic nucleus in the region to have been studied by optical methods, and is reported here for the first time. ispartof: pages:012071-6 ispartof: Journal of Physics: Conference Series vol:381 issue:1 pages:012071-6 ispartof: Rutherford Centennial Conference on Nuclear Physics location:Manchester, UK dat…

HistoryHyperfine structure of gallium isotopesIsotopes of copperCollinear laser spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementMagnetic and quadrupole moments of gallium isotopeskiihdytinpohjainen fysiikkaEducationydinrakenneGalliumSpectroscopyNuclear ExperimentHyperfine structurenuclear spectroscopyIsotopeaccelerator-based physicsNuclear structureComputer Science ApplicationsCOLLAPS beam lineIsotopes of galliumchemistrynuclear structureydinspektroskopiaPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsGround stateydinfysiikka
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Diagnostics of capillary light sources by means of line shape measurements and modeling

2012

In this work the Hg visible triplet spectral lines were measured by means of Fourier Transform spectrometer and deconvoluted by Tikhonov's regularisation method and line shape modelling. The lines were collected from Hg/Ar and Hg/Xe high frequency capillary lamps. In our previous work, the spatial plasma homogeneity of isotope Hg/Xe and Hg/Ar capillary lamps was investigated by means of tomography. The lamps were operated in different working positions – horizontally and vertically. In this work the spectral diagnostics of capillary light sources by means of spectral line shape measurements and modelling is presented to obtain plasma temperature. The results are compared with the results fo…

HistoryIncandescent light bulbZeeman effectArgonSpectrometerbusiness.industrychemistry.chemical_elementSpectral lineComputer Science ApplicationsEducationlaw.inventionSpectral line shapesymbols.namesakeOpticsXenonchemistrylawsymbolsElectron temperaturebusinessJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Progresses in 3D integral imaging with optical processing

2008

Integral imaging is a promising technique for the acquisition and auto-stereoscopic display of 3D scenes with full parallax and without the need of any additional devices like special glasses. First suggested by Lippmann in the beginning of the 20th century, integral imaging is based in the intersection of ray cones emitted by a collection of 2D elemental images which store the 3D information of the scene. This paper is devoted to the study, from the ray optics point of view, of the optical effects and interaction with the observer of integral imaging systems.

HistoryIntegral imagingbusiness.industryComputer scienceOptical processingObserver (special relativity)RayComputer Science ApplicationsEducationOpticsComputer visionImaging scienceArtificial intelligencebusinessParallaxJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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