Search results for "Application"

showing 10 items of 5559 documents

Nanoscale x-ray absorption spectroscopy using XEOL-SNOM detection mode

2007

The first results obtained with the prototype system at the synchrotron beamline ID03 at ESRF are presented and illustrate the possibility to detect an element-specific contrast and to perform nanoscale x-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments at the Zn K and W L 3 absorption edges in mixed zinc oxide-zinc tungstate thin films.

HistoryX-ray spectroscopyX-ray absorption spectroscopyNanostructureMaterials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyAnalytical chemistrySynchrotronComputer Science ApplicationsEducationlaw.inventionBeamlinelawAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)SpectroscopyJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Line Shape Measurement and Modelling for Plasma Diagnostics

2014

In this paper we discuss different methods of narrow spectral line shape measurements for a wide spectral range by means of high-resolution spectrometers such as the Fabry-Perot spectrometer, Zeeman spectrometer and Fourier transform spectrometer as well as a theoretical model for spectral line shape modelling and solving of the inverse task based on Tikhonov's regularization method. Special attention is devoted to the line shape measurements for the optically thin light sources filled with Hg, Ar, Xe, Kr for their use in high precision analysers for detection of heavy metals and benzene.

HistoryZeeman effectSpectrometerPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryChemistryInverseRegularization (mathematics)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationSpectral line shapeTikhonov regularizationsymbols.namesakeOpticssymbolsPlasma diagnosticsNuclear ExperimentbusinessLine (formation)Journal of Physics: Conference Series
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Comparison of ZrO2:Y nanocrystals and macroscopic single crystal luminescence

2007

The luminescence spectra of a tetragonally structured ZrO2:Y single crystal and nanocrystals were compared. It was found that the number of luminescence centers contributed to the spectra. The excitation of luminescence within the band gap region led to different luminescence spectra for the single crystal and nanocrystal samples, whereas recombinative luminescence spectra were the same for both samples. The origin of this difference is that in the nanocrystals, even under excitation within the band gap, charge carriers were created. Zirconium- oxygen complexes distorted by intrinsic defects were proposed to be the luminescence centres responsible for the wide luminescence band observed.

HistoryZirconiumMaterials scienceBand gapchemistry.chemical_elementSpectral lineComputer Science ApplicationsEducationCrystallographyNanocrystalchemistryCharge carrierLuminescenceSingle crystalExcitationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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An accurate optical technique for measuring the nuclear polarisation of 3He gas

2010

12 pages; International audience; In the metastability exchange optical pumping cells of our on-site production unit and of our other experimental set-ups, we use a light absorption technique to measure the 3He nuclear polarisation. It involves weak probe beams at 1083 nm, that are either perpendicular or parallel to the magnetic field and cell axis, with suitable light polarisations. When metastability exchange collisions control the populations of the sublevels in the 23S state, absolute values of the 3He ground state nuclear polarisation are directly inferred from the ratio of the absorption rates measured for these probe beams. Our report focuses on the transverse detection scheme for w…

History[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ATOM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atomic Physics [physics.atom-ph]business.industryChemistry01 natural sciences010305 fluids & plasmasComputer Science ApplicationsEducationMagnetic fieldOptical pumpingTransverse planeOpticsMetastability0103 physical sciencesCalibrationAtomic physics010306 general physicsGround statebusinessAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Beam (structure)
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Spectroscopic Tools Applied to Flerovium Decay Chains

2020

Abstract An upgraded TASISpec setup, with the addition of a veto DSSD and the new Compex detector-germanium array, has been employed with the gas-filled recoil separator TASCA at the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt, to study flerovium (element 114) decay chains. The detector upgrades along with development of new analytical techniques have improved the sensitivity of the TASISpec setup for measuring α-photon coincidences. These improvements have been assessed with test reactions. The reaction 48Ca+206,207Pb was used for verification of experimental parameters such as transmission to implantation DSSD and target-segment to α-decay correlations. The reaction 48Ca+ nat …

Historyalpha decayspektroskopiatutkimuslaitteetchemistry.chemical_element01 natural sciencesRecoil separatorEducationNuclear physics0103 physical sciencesSubatomic Physicsddc:530Sensitivity (control systems)010306 general physicsPhysicsnuclear spectroscopy010308 nuclear & particles physicsDetector3. Good healthComputer Science ApplicationsFleroviumsuperheavy elementschemistryNuclear spectroscopyAlpha decayDecay chainDeconvolutionydinfysiikka
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Investigation of archaeological amphorae from the Egadi battles

2022

Abstract Archaeological ceramics are considered one of the most important sources of both technological and chronological information. Here, the investigation of some archaeological underwater amphorae from the Egadi’s Battle, that decided the end of the First Punic War (241 B.C.), is reported. X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), petrography, and Thermoluminescence (TL) were used to determine the composition of the amphorae and to evaluate the compatibly of their age with the above Battle. Considering the historical importance of the act and the well-defined historical collocation these amphorae represent an interesting archaeometric case study.

HistoryamphoraeMultianalytical approachCanaletto Programunderwater siteEgadi battlethermoluminescenceComputer Science ApplicationsEducationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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A Low Energy H- Beamline for the ALPHA Antihydrogen Experiment

2022

Abstract The CERN ALPHA experiment makes precision measurements of antihydrogen atoms, confined in a superconducting magnetic minimum trap. Recent measurements of the antihydrogen spectrum have already provided high-resolution tests of fundamental symmetries, and ALPHA has now embarked on an ambitious upgrade programme aimed at directly comparing hydrogen and antihydrogen within their existing atom trap. One aspect of this upgrade will be the development of a low-energy (50 eV) hydrogen ion source that is compatible with ALPHA’s existing magnetic charged particle beamlines. PELLIS, previously developed at JYFL, is a 5 keV filament-driven source that generates H- beams with low emittances an…

HistoryantimateriatutkimuslaitteetPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsPhysics::Atomic PhysicsplasmafysiikkaAccelerators and Storage RingsComputer Science ApplicationsEducationJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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Antigens and immunoevasins: opponents in cytomegalovirus immune surveillance

2002

CD8+ T cells are the main effector cells for the immune control of cytomegaloviruses. To subvert this control, human and mouse cytomegaloviruses each encode a set of immune-evasion proteins, referred to here as immunoevasins, which interfere specifically with the MHC class I pathway of antigen processing and presentation. Although the concerted action of immunoevasins prevents the presentation of certain viral peptides, other viral peptides escape this blockade conditionally or constitutively and thereby provide the molecular basis of immune surveillance by CD8+ T cells. The definition of viral antigenic peptides that are presented despite the presence of immunoevasins adds a further dimens…

HistorybiologyAntigen processingAntigen presentationImmunologic Surveillancechemical and pharmacologic phenomenamedicine.diseaseVirologyEpitopeComputer Science ApplicationsEducationAntigenMHC class IVirus latencyImmunologybiology.proteinmedicineCD8Nature Reviews Immunology
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Infrared Microspectroscopy study of insulin crystals at high pressure

2012

During the last years the coupling of high pressure techniques and infrared spectroscopy has proven to be a very powerful tool in the study of conformational changes of proteins. Protein unfolding and monomerization are events that are expected to take place at high pressure due to the peculiarity of pressure to shift the system towards the state that occupies the minimum volume. We observed the growth of apparently cubic crystals at a pressure of about 4 kbar, subjecting to high pressure a solution of misfolded insulin. Even if high pressure is commonly used to tune the growth rate of crystals, protein crystallization at high pressure is not a well known process and no evidences of the par…

Historybiophysics; high pressureinsulinInfraredChemistryInsulinmedicine.medical_treatmentAnalytical chemistryInfrared spectroscopySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Computer Science ApplicationsEducationhigh pressureVolume (thermodynamics)diamond anvil cellHigh pressuresynchrotronmedicineGrowth rateProtein crystallization
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Projection of speckle patterns for 3D sensing

2008

In this communication we present the use of projected speckle patterns coming from a phase random mask for sensing depths and thicknesses. The sensing is based on the change of the speckle pattern with propagation and the lack of correlation between speckle patterns recorded at different depths or lateral locations. The principle is used for mapping thickness of transparent media, for depth ranging and for 3D mapping of diffuse objects.

Historybusiness.industryPhase (waves)Speckle noiseRangingComputer Science ApplicationsEducationSpeckle pattern3d sensingGeographyOptics3d mappingProjection (set theory)businessRemote sensingJournal of Physics: Conference Series
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