Search results for "Apus"
showing 10 items of 25 documents
Molecular phylogeny of the Notostraca
2012
Abstract We used a combined analysis of one nuclear (28S rDNA) and three mitochondrial markers (COI, 12S rDNA, 16S rDNA) to infer the molecular phylogeny of the Notostraca, represented by samples from the six continents that are inhabited by this group of branchiopod crustaceans. Our results confirm the monophyly of both extant notostracan genera Triops and Lepidurus with good support in model based and maximum parsimony analyses. We used branchiopod fossils as a calibration to infer divergence times among notostracan lineages and accounted for rate heterogeneity among lineages by applying relaxed-clock models. Our divergence date estimates indicate an initial diversification into the gener…
Molecular phylogeny of Old World swifts (Aves: Apodiformes, Apodidae, Apus and Tachymarptis) based on mitochondrial and nuclear markers.
2011
We provide a molecular phylogeny for Old World swifts of genera Apus and Tachymarptis (tribe Apodini) based on a taxon-complete sampling at the species level. Phylogenetic reconstructions were based on two mitochondrial (cytochrome b, 12S rRNA) and three nuclear markers (introns of fibrinogen and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase plus anonymous marker 12884) while the myoglobin intron 2 did not show any intergeneric variation or phylogenetic signal among the target taxa at all. In contrast to previous hypotheses, the two genera Apus and Tachymarptis were shown as reciprocally monophyletic in all reconstructions. Apus was consistently divided into three major clades: (1) East Asian cl…
Preliminary selection of non-target Lepidoptera species for ecological risk assessment of Bt canola in Sicily
2011
It is essential to assess the environmental risk that Bt canola resistant to Lepidopteran pests may hold and to study its effect on species assemblages that fulfil a variety of ecosystem functions. Environmental risk assessment can be improved through the use of an ecological model which can be applied to a specific environment, so that local species can be classified functionally and prioritized to identify potential test species. Several other Lepidoptera species are also directly exposed to Bt toxin. In this paper an ecological approach was followed for selection of non-target Lepidoptera species for ecological risk assessment of Bt canola in Sicily, using data collected over a one-year …
Optimization of Polyphenols' Recovery from Purple Corn Cobs Assisted by Infrared Technology and Use of Extracted Anthocyanins as a Natural Colorant i…
2022
An ecofriendly extraction technology using infrared (IR) irradiation Ired-Irrad® was applied to purple corn cobs to enhance polyphenol recovery for the first time. The IR extraction efficiency was compared to that of the water bath (WB) method. Response surface methodology (RSM) using a central composite design was conducted to determine the effect of the experimental conditions (extraction time and treatment temperature) and their interactions on the total polyphenol and anthocyanin yields. Optimal extraction of total phenolic compounds (37 mg GAE/g DM) and total monomeric anthocyanins (14 mg C3G/g DM) were obtained at 63 °C for 77 min using IR as an extraction technique and water as a sol…
Latviešu kapusvētki: Identitātes rituāls
2014
Grāmata sagatavota un izdota valsts pētījumu programmas “Nacionālā identitāte” projekta “Latvijas sociālā atmiņa un identitāte” ietvaros. Grāmata izdota ar Valsts kultūrkapitāla fonda atbalstu.
Potential impact of genetically modified Lepidoptera-resistant Brassica napus in biodiversity hotspots: Sicily as a theoretical model
2016
The general increase of the cultivation and trade of Bt transgenic plants resistant to Lepidoptera pests raises concerns regarding the conservation of animal and plant biodiversity. Demand for biofuels has increased the cultivation and importation of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.), including transgenic lines. In environmental risk assessments (ERAs) for its potential future cultivation as well as for food and feed uses, the impact on wild Brassicaeae relatives and on non-target Lepidoptera should be assessed. Here we consider the potential exposure of butterflies as results of possible cultivation or naturalization of spilled seed in Sicily (Italy). Diurnal Lepidoptera, which are pollinat…
Trophic relationships between the parasitic plant species phelipanche ramosa (L.) and different hosts depending on host phenological stage and host g…
2016
Prod 2018-285c INRA AGROSUP GESTAD SPE CT3 SPE CT1 EJ2 EA; International audience; Phelipanche ramosa (L.) Pomel (branched broomrape) is a holoparasitic plant that reproduces on crops and also on weeds, which contributes to increase the parasite seed bank in fields. This parasite extracts all its nutrients at the host’s expense so that host–parasite trophic relationships are crucial to determine host and parasite growth. This study quantified the intensity with which P. ramosa draws assimilates from its host and analyzed whether it varied with host species, host phenological stage and host growth rate. A greenhouse experiment was conducted on three host species: the crop species Brassica na…
Conséquences écologiques et évolutives du flux de gènes entre Brassica napus transgénique et ses apparentés sauvages
2010
In the framework of commercial release for transgenic crops with novel traits, consequences of gene flow and introgression are still one main concern. I explored the ecological and evolutionary consequences of gene flow between oilseed rape (Brassica napus) and its wild relatives, brown mustard (B. juncea) and wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), through several experiments carried out in greenhouse, common garden and field in Beijing and Dijon. First, I revised a comprehensive review of the literature about gene flow and its effect on plant fitness in the Brassiceae. Second, I investigated the effects on gene flow of seed size of hybrids between Bt-transgenic oilseed rape and mustard. Smal…
Modelling the effects of cropping systems on the dynamics of a parasitic weed, Phelipanche ramosa, in interaction with the non-parasitic weed flora
2010
International audience; The current decrease in herbicide use may increase and diversify weed flora in crops as well as companion bioagressors spreading via weeds. Among these bioagressors is Phelipanche ramosa, a parastic plant which is very harmful on oilseed rape. The objective of the present work was to develop a model (called PHERASYS) of the effects of cropping systems on parasite dynamics, in interaction with non-parasitic weed hosts. The structure of the first model version was based on models developed for other parasitic plants and on FLORSYS which quantifies the effects of cropping systems on non-parasitic weed flora. PHERASYS was parametrized with preliminary values from literat…
Agronomic performance and energetic potential of two Brassica oilseed species in Sicily, Italy
2018
Industrial crops for energy purposes are object of increasing interest worldwide and play an important role as a source of renewable energy. The aims of this study were to evaluate: i) the agronomic performance of Brassica napus L. var. oleifera D.C. and Brassica carinata A. Braun in a semi-arid environment; ii) to evaluate the economic viability of a pilot combined heat and power (CHP) plant operating on pure vegetable oil (PVO). The research was carried out in Sicily (Italy). The main biometric and yield parameters of the two species were determined. Chemical-physical characterizations were carried out on PVO for each species using specific protocols. The cogeneration of renewable energy …