Search results for "Aquatic Science"
showing 10 items of 2026 documents
Communication versus waterproofing: the physics of insect cuticular hydrocarbons
2019
Understanding the evolution of complex traits is among the major challenges in biology. One such trait is the cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) layer in insects. It protects against desiccation and provides communication signals, especially in social insects. CHC composition is highly diverse within and across species. To understand the adaptive value of this chemical diversity, we must understand how it affects biological functionality. So far, CHCs received ample research attention, but their physical properties were little studied. We argue that these properties determine their biological functionality, and are vital to understand how CHC composition affects their adaptive value. We investigat…
Effects of temperature on persistence times of native and invasive gammarid species in the stomachs of Cottus gobio
2006
Gastric lavage was used to investigate the effects of temperature on persistence time of two amphipod species, one native Gammarus pulex and one invasive Gammarus roeseli, in the stomachs of bullhead Cottus gobio. Persistence time was strongly influenced by temperature and prey type, such that G. pulex species degraded faster than G. roeseli.
Rapid range extension of the Ponto-Caspian amphipod Dikerogammarus villosus in France: potential consequences
2004
Non-indigenous species are increasingly recognized as altering local com- munities in newly colonized areas. In some north European freshwater systems, the Ponto-Caspian invasive crustacean Dikerogammarus villosus (Amphipoda) is im- plicated to have such an effect, with general monitoring of its progress and general im- pact required. The present study contributes to this monitoring. D. villosus was ob- served in 2003 in all the major French rivers prospected (i.e. Rhine, Meuse, Moselle, Sao ne, Rho ne, Seine, and Loire), a European region previously overlooked for its co- lonization. This species was also detected in some tributaries of the rivers Sao ne and Seine, and in Geneva Lake. The …
Sex specific differences recorded in the behavior of an amphipod: implications for behavioral toxicology
2020
Behaviour is a useful endpoint in ecotoxicological research; it links the biochemical effects of contamination with physiology of individuals, which can be applied to higher levels of organisation with relevance to ecology. Animals exhibit species-specific and sex specific behaviours. Previous experiments within ecotoxicology using amphipods as models have either not separated by sex or have on the assumption that they may create more variability in the results. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of time (which controlled light conditions), sex, and the interaction of time and sex on the swimming velocity in males and females of the marine amphipod Echino…
Influence of restoration age on egg bank richness and composition: an ex situ experiment
2020
AbstractZooplankton community assembly after flooding in temporary ponds depends mostly on abundance and diversity of the dormant propagule bank. However, our understanding of the hatching patterns of zooplankton is imperfect. We performed an ex situ experiment to study the species composition and temporal sequence of zooplankton emergence from sediments in three ponds that were restored at different times: 1998, 2003 and 2007. The patterns of species hatching observed in our microcosms were compared with the emergent zooplankton community of their equivalent, synchronically inundated ponds. An escalation in species richness and a delay in hatching time were detected with increasing restora…
Carbamazepine, cadmium chloride and polybrominated diphenyl ether-47, synergistically modulate the expression of antioxidants and cell cycle biomarke…
2019
Abstract A wide range of contaminants, industrial by-products, plastics, and pharmaceutics belonging to various categories, have been found in sea water. Although these compounds are detected at concentrations that might be considered as sub-lethal, under certain conditions they could act synergistically producing unexpected effects in term of toxicity or perturbation of biochemical markers leading to standard pathway. In this study, the Sparus aurata fibroblast cell line SAF-1, was exposed to increasing concentrations of carbamazepine (CBZ), polybrominated diphenyl ether 47 (BDE-47) and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) until 72 h, to evaluate the cytotoxicity and the expression of genes related to…
The entangled multi-level responses of Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck, 1819) to environmental stressors as detected by an integrated approach.
2021
Abstract Anthropogenic pressure adds up and interacts with the effects of climate change with a varying magnitude and potential changes depend on species’ Life History (LH) traits, local environmental conditions and co-occurrence of several stressors. Stressors exert negative effects on marine biota when acting as a single factor, but the effects may be amplified when more than one stressor work in combination, producing interacting effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The impairment of individual functional traits (FT) leads to strong rebounds on LH traits and this may have ecological consequences. No studies actually relate FT and antioxidant enzymes to multiple environmenta…
Forty questions of importance to the policy and practice of native oyster reef restoration in Europe
2020
© 2020 The Authors. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Oyster reefs are among the most threatened marine habitats globally. In Europe, oyster reefs have been extirpated from most locations within their historical range. Active restoration of the native oyster (Ostrea edulis) in Europe has grown substantially in recent years. In sharing experiences between oyster restoration projects in Europe at the Native Oyster Restoration Alliance conference, NORA2, in Edinburgh in May 2019, it became apparent that a number of similar barriers are experienced. This study identified the top 40 questions, which, if answered, would have the greatest inf…
Epifaunal and infaunal responses to submarine mine tailings in a Norwegian fjord.
2019
Abstract Disposal of mine tailings in marine shallow water ecosystems represents an environmental challenge, and the present paper reports results from a field study in Fraenfjorden, Norway, which is subject to such disposal. Structural and functional responses of benthic infauna and epifauna were investigated along a gradient from heavy tailings deposition to reference conditions. The tailings clearly impacted the faunal composition, with lowered species number close to the outfall. Total abundance of infauna increased in the most impacted area due to dominance of opportunistic species, whereas the epifauna was reduced and represented by a few scattered specimens only. In the most impacted…
Spatial variability of soft-bottom macrobenthic communities in northern Sicily (Western Mediterranean): Contrasting trawled vs. untrawled areas
2016
13 páginas, 9 tablas, 5 figuras