Search results for "Arachidonic Acids"

showing 10 items of 53 documents

A moderate diet restriction during pregnancy alters the levels of endocannabinoids and endocannabinoid-related lipids in the hypothalamus, hippocampu…

2017

Existe para su consulta material suplementario aportado por el editor. Undernutrition during pregnancy has been associated to increased vulnerability to develop metabolic and behavior alterations later in life. The endocannabinoid system might play an important role in these processes. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a moderate maternal calorie-restricted diet on the levels of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), arachidonic acid (AA) and the N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) in the brain of newborn rat offspring. We focused on brain structures involved in metabolism, feeding behavior, as well as em…

Male0301 basic medicineLitter (animal)Desnutrición:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Olfactory Pathways::Olfactory Bulb [Medical Subject Headings]:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Animal Population Groups::Animals Newborn [Medical Subject Headings]Ácido Araquidónicolcsh:MedicineHippocampusBiochemistry:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Anthropometry::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Birth Weight [Medical Subject Headings]Oleoylethanolamidechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicinePregnancyMedicine and Health Sciences:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats::Rats Wistar [Medical Subject Headings]MasculinoPeso al nacerlcsh:Science:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]MultidisciplinaryFemeninoBrainNeurochemistryPlantsLegumesLipidsOlfactory BulbEndocannabinoid systemEndocannabinoidesEncéfaloHypothalamusEmocionesFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Restricción calóricaNeurochemicalsAnatomy:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Nutrition Disorders::Malnutrition [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]Research ArticleBulbo olfatoriomedicine.medical_specialtyEmbarazoAnimales recién nacidos:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Energy Intake::Caloric Restriction [Medical Subject Headings]OffspringHypothalamus:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]Biology03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineHipocampomedicineAnimals:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Rats WistarCaloric RestrictionNutritionPregnancyPalmitoylethanolamideCognición:Psychiatry and Psychology::Psychological Phenomena and Processes::Mental Processes::Cognition [Medical Subject Headings]Ratas wistarlcsh:RMalnutritionOrganismsPeasBiology and Life Sciences:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]Lipid Metabolismmedicine.diseaseRatsDietOlfactory bulb030104 developmental biologyEndocrinology:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Animals Newbornnervous systemchemistry:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Emotions [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:QHipotálamo030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEndocannabinoidsNeurosciencePLOS ONE
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Masturbation to Orgasm Stimulates the Release of the Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonoylglycerol in Humans

2017

Abstract Background Endocannabinoids are critical for rewarding behaviors such as eating, physical exercise, and social interaction. The role of endocannabinoids in mammalian sexual behavior has been suggested because of the influence of cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists on rodent sexual activity. However, the involvement of endocannabinoids in human sexual behavior has not been studied. Aim To investigate plasma endocannabinoid levels before and after masturbation in healthy male and female volunteers. Outcomes Plasma levels of the endocannabinoids 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), anandamide, the endocannabinoid-like lipids oleoyl ethanolamide and palmitoyl ethanolamide, arachido…

Male0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyCannabinoid receptorPolyunsaturated AlkamidesUrologyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismHuman sexual response cycleSexual arousalmedia_common.quotation_subject2-ArachidonoylglycerolOleic AcidsArachidonic AcidsOrgasmGlycerides03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineHumansEthanolamideOrgasmmedia_commonCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsAnandamideEndocannabinoid systemMasturbationPsychiatry and Mental health030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyReproductive MedicinechemistryFemalelipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Psychologypsychological phenomena and processes030217 neurology & neurosurgeryEndocannabinoidsThe Journal of Sexual Medicine
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Involvement of CB1 and CB2 receptors in the modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission in mouse gastric preparations.

2007

Abstract While most of the studies concerning the role of cannabinoids on gastric motility have focused the attention on the gastric emptying in in vivo animal models, there is little information about the cannabinoid peripheral influence in the stomach. In addition, the functional features of CB2 receptors in the gastrointestinal tract have been poorly characterized. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of cannabinoid drugs on the excitatory cholinergic and inhibitory non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) neurotransmission in mouse isolated gastric preparations. Intraluminal pressure from isolated whole stomach was recorded and mechanical responses induced by ele…

MaleCB1 receptorCannabinoid receptorIndolesmedicine.medical_treatmentGastric motilityReceptors PresynapticSettore BIO/09 - FisiologiaSynaptic TransmissionReceptor Cannabinoid CB2MicePiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Cannabinoid receptor type 2StomachCholinergic Fiberslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Rimonabantmedicine.drugAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyCarbacholmedicine.drug_classPolyunsaturated AlkamidesMorpholinesNeuromuscular JunctionArachidonic AcidsBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesNaphthalenesInternal medicineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalsCannabinoidPharmacologyEnteric neurotransmissionGastric emptyingCannabinoidsExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsCB2 receptorElectric StimulationBenzoxazinesMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyInhibitory Postsynaptic PotentialsCholinergicPyrazolesCannabinoidGastrointestinal MotilityGastric motilityEndocannabinoidsPharmacological research
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Protective activation of the endocannabinoid system during ischemia in dopamine neurons

2006

Endocannabinoids act as neuroprotective molecules promptly released in response to pathological stimuli. Hence, they may represent one component of protection and/or repair mechanisms mobilized by dopamine (DA) neurons under ischemia. Here, we show that the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol (2-AG) plays a key role in protecting DA neurons from ischemia-induced altered spontaneous activity both in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, neuroprotection can be elicited through moderate cannabinoid receptor type-1 (CB1) activation. Conversely, blockade of endocannabinoid actions through CB1 receptor antagonism worsens the outcome of transient ischemia on DA neuronal activity. These findings indi…

MaleCannabinoid receptorDopaminePharmacologyBrain IschemiaMidbrainRats Sprague-DawleyMicePiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1IschemiaPremovement neuronal activityReceptorMice KnockoutNeuronsmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyEndocannabinoid systemCB1NeuroprotectionElectrophysiologyNeurologylipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Rimonabantpsychological phenomena and processesmedicine.drugSignal TransductionMorpholinesIschemiaArachidonic AcidsBiologyIn Vitro TechniquesNaphthalenesNeuroprotectionAmidohydrolasesGlycerideslcsh:RC321-571DopamineCannabinoid Receptor ModulatorsmedicineAnimalslcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryEndocannabinoidVentral Tegmental Areamedicine.diseaseBlockadeBenzoxazinesRatsnervous systemPyrazolesNeuroscienceEndocannabinoidsNeurobiology of Disease
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Reduced anxiety-like behaviour induced by genetic and pharmacological inhibition of the endocannabinoid-degrading enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (…

2007

Anandamide and 2-arachidonoyl glycerol, referred to as endocannabinoids (eCBs), are the endogenous agonists for the cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1). Several pieces of evidence support a role for eCBs in the attenuation of anxiety-related behaviours, although the precise mechanism has remained uncertain. The fatty acid amid hydrolase (FAAH), an enzyme responsible for the degradation of eCBs, has emerged as a promising target for anxiety-related disorders, since FAAH inhibitors are able to increase the levels of anandamide and thereby induce anxiolytic-like effects in rodents. The present study adopted both genetic and pharmacological approaches and tested the hypothesis that FAAH-deficient…

MaleCannabinoid receptorPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentArachidonic AcidsAnxietyPharmacologyAmidohydrolasesGlyceridesMiceCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1RimonabantFatty acid amide hydrolaseCannabinoid receptor type 1medicineAnimalsMaze LearningMice KnockoutPharmacologyAnalysis of VarianceBehavior AnimalAnandamideURB597Endocannabinoid systemMice Inbred C57BLDisease Models Animalnervous systemchemistryBenzamidesPyrazoleslipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)CarbamatesCannabinoidRimonabantpsychological phenomena and processesEndocannabinoidsmedicine.drugNeuropharmacology
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Genetic dissection of the role of cannabinoid type-1 receptors in the emotional consequences of repeated social stress in mice.

2012

International audience; The endocannabinoid system (ECS) tightly controls emotional responses to acute aversive stimuli. Repeated stress alters ECS activity but the role played by the ECS in the emotional consequences of repeated stress has not been investigated in detail. This study used social defeat stress, together with pharmacology and genetics to examine the role of cannabinoid type-1 (CB(1)) receptors on repeated stress-induced emotional alterations. Seven daily social defeat sessions increased water (but not food) intake, sucrose preference, anxiety, cued fear expression, and adrenal weight in C57BL/6N mice. The first and the last social stress sessions triggered immediate brain reg…

MaleCannabinoid receptorPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentPopulationEmotionsDrinkingArachidonic AcidsMotor ActivitySerotonergicGlyceridesSocial defeat03 medical and health sciencesEatingFood PreferencesMice0302 clinical medicinePiperidinesReceptor Cannabinoid CB1Adrenal GlandsmedicineAnimals[SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]education030304 developmental biologyPharmacologySocial stressMice KnockoutNeurons0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyBrainImmobility Response TonicExtinction (psychology)Endocannabinoid systemMice Inbred C57BLPsychiatry and Mental healthnervous systemPyrazoles[SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]lipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Original ArticleCannabinoidRimonabantPsychologyNeuroscience030217 neurology & neurosurgeryStress PsychologicalEndocannabinoidsNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
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CB1 Cannabinoid Receptors and On-Demand Defense Against Excitotoxicity

2003

Abnormally high spiking activity can damage neurons. Signaling systems to protect neurons from the consequences of abnormal discharge activity have been postulated. We generated conditional mutant mice that lack expression of the cannabinoid receptor type 1 in principal forebrain neurons but not in adjacent inhibitory interneurons. In mutant mice,the excitotoxin kainic acid (KA) induced excessive seizures in vivo. The threshold to KA-induced neuronal excitation in vitro was severely reduced in hippocampal pyramidal neurons of mutants. KA administration rapidly raised hippocampal levels of anandamide and induced protective mechanisms in wild-type principal hippocampal neurons. These protecti…

MaleCannabinoid receptorReceptors Drugmedicine.medical_treatment2-ArachidonoylglycerolExcitotoxicityHippocampal formationmedicine.disease_causeHippocampusMicechemistry.chemical_compoundPiperidinesCannabinoid receptor type 1Excitatory Amino Acid AgonistsReceptors Cannabinoidgamma-Aminobutyric AcidMice KnockoutNeuronsKainic AcidMultidisciplinaryBrainEndocannabinoid systemNeuroprotective AgentsMitogen-Activated Protein KinasesRimonabantSignal Transductionmedicine.medical_specialtyKainic acidPolyunsaturated AlkamidesGlutamic AcidMice TransgenicArachidonic AcidsIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyGlyceridesProsencephalonInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsFuransGenes Immediate-EarlyEpilepsyCannabinoidsBrain-Derived Neurotrophic FactorExcitatory Postsynaptic PotentialsMice Inbred C57BLEndocrinologyGene Expression Regulationnervous systemchemistryMutationPyrazolesCannabinoidNeuroscienceEndocannabinoidsScience
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Inhibition by Anandamide and Synthetic Cannabimimetics of the Release of [3H]d-Aspartate and [3H]GABA from Synaptosomes Isolated from the Rat Hippoca…

2004

Cannabinoids (CB) can act as retrograde synaptic mediators of depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition or excitation in hippocampus. This mechanism may underlie the impairment of some cognitive processes produced by these compounds, including short-term memory formation in the hippocampus. In this study, we investigated several compounds known to interact with CB receptors, evaluating their effects on K +-evoked release of [ 3H]d-aspartate ([ 3H]d-ASP) and [ 3H]GABA from superfused synaptosomes isolated from the rat hippocampus. [ 3H]d-ASP and [ 3H]GABA release were inhibited to different degrees by the synthetic cannabinoids WIN 55,212-2; CP 55,940, and arachidonyl-2′- chloroethyla…

MaleCannabinoid receptorSettore BIO/14 - FARMACOLOGIAPolyunsaturated Alkamidesmedicine.medical_treatmentHippocampusArachidonic AcidsPharmacologyHippocampal formationDepolarization-induced suppression of inhibitionHippocampusBiochemistryCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundglutamate releasemedicineAnimalsRats WistarCannabinoidgamma-Aminobutyric AcidCannabinoid Receptor AgonistsAspartic AcidCannabinoidsChemistryGeneral MedicineAnandamideCyclohexanolsgaba releaseEndocannabinoid systemRatsKineticsnervous systemBiochemistryAnimals Arachidonic Acids Aspartic Acid Calcium Cannabinoids Capsaicin Cyclohexanols gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Hippocampus Kinetics Polyunsaturated Alkamides Potassium Rats Receptors Cannabinoid SynaptosomesPotassiumCalciumlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)CannabinoidCapsaicinCapsazepineEndocannabinoidsSynaptosomesNeurochemical Research
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Selectivity of Neutrophil 5-Lipoxygenase and Cyclo-oxygenase Inhibition by an Anti-inflammatory Flavonoid Glycoside and Related Aglycone Flavonoids

1988

Abstract A newly described plant-derived flavonoid, hypolaetin-8-glucoside, which has anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective actions in-vivo, and its corresponding aglycone, hypolaetin, have been compared with 14 other flavonoids for inhibition of eicosanoid generation via the 5-lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase pathways in elicited rat peritoneal leukocytes stimulated with calcium ionophore. Comparable results for the inhibitory profiles of the compounds were obtained using either radioimmunoassay of released eicosanoids or radio-TLC of metabolites formed from labelled arachidonate, but there were differences in absolute potency of the inhibitors. Hypolaetin-8-glucoside was a weak but selec…

MaleNeutrophilsStereochemistryFlavonoidRadioimmunoassayPharmaceutical ScienceArachidonic AcidsIn Vitro TechniquesArachidonate LipoxygenasesLipoxygenasechemistry.chemical_compoundEicosanoic AcidsAnimalsCyclooxygenase InhibitorsLipoxygenase InhibitorsIC50CalcimycinFlavonoidsPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationArachidonic AcidbiologyAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalGlycosideRats Inbred StrainsBiological activityRatsAglyconeBiochemistrychemistryEnzyme inhibitorbiology.proteinHypolaetinChromatography Thin LayerJournal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
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Presynaptic effects of anandamide and WIN55,212-2 on glutamatergic nerve endings isolated from rat hippocampus

2006

We examined the effects of the endocannabinoide-anandamide (AEA), the synthetic cannabinoid, WIN55,212-2, and the active phorbol ester, 4-beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (4-beta-PMA), on the release of [(3)H]d-Aspartate ([(3)H]d-ASP) from rat hippocampal synaptosomes. Release was evoked with three different stimuli: (1) KCl-induced membrane depolarization, which activates voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels and causes limited neurotransmitter exocytosis, presumably from ready-releasable vesicles docked in the active zone; (2) exposure to the Ca(2+) ionophore-A23187, which causes more extensive transmitter release, presumably from intracellular reserve vesicles; and (3) K(+) channel block…

MaleSettore BIO/14 - FARMACOLOGIAPolyunsaturated AlkamideshippocampusMorpholinesmedicine.medical_treatmentPresynaptic TerminalsArachidonic AcidsNaphthalenesExocytosisCellular and Molecular Neurosciencechemistry.chemical_compoundGlutamatesglutamate releasemedicineAnimalsanandamideActive zoneRats WistarNeurotransmitterCannabinoidCalcimycinProtein kinase CSynaptosomeArachidonic AcidChemistrysynaptosomesDepolarizationCell BiologyAnandamideHippocampal synaptosomeCalcium Channel BlockersBenzoxazinesRatsBiochemistryBiophysicsTetradecanoylphorbol AcetateCannabinoidCapsaicinEndocannabinoidsNeurochemistry International
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