Search results for "Array"

Fulminant hepatic failure requiring liver transplantation in 22q13.3 deletion syndrome.

2010

We report on a 4-year-old girl with severe developmental delay, absent speech, and chromosome 22q13.3 deletion (Phelan-McDermid syndrome), karyotype 46,XX.ish del(22)(q13.31qter)(ARSA-,N85A-,SHANK3-). At the age of 3 years, she needed an emergency liver transplantation because of fulminant hepatic failure, most likely caused by hyperacute autoimmune hepatitis triggered by a viral infection. This is the second report of a patient with 22q13.3 deletion and fulminant liver failure. By array-CGH we identified in this patient a 5.675 Mb terminal deletion (22q13.31 --> qter; including approximately 55 genes; from NUP50 to RABL2B) and in the previous patient a 1.535 Mb deletion (22q13.32 --> qter;…

Gene expression profile induced by ovariectomy in bone marrow of mice: a functional approach to identify new candidate genes associated to osteoporos…

2013

Osteoporosis is a multifactorial skeletal pathology with a main genetic component. To date, however, the majority of genes associated with this pathology remain unknown since genes cataloged to date only explain a part of the heritability of bone phenotypes. In the present study, we have used a genome-wide gene expression approach by means of microarrays to identify new candidate genes involved in the physiopathology of osteoporosis, using as a model the ovariectomized (OVX) mice by comparing global bone marrow gene expression of the OVX mice with those of SHAM operated mice. One hundred and eighty transcripts were found to be differentially expressed between groups. The analysis showed 23 …

GIST: Particular aspects related to cell cultures, xenografts, and cytogenetics

2006

In less than half a decade, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) have emerged from historical anonymity to become a model of kinase-targeted therapies. Approximately 80% to 85% of GISTs harbor activating mutations of the KIT or PDGFRA tyrosine kinase genes, and such mutations have predictive and prognostic value. In this regard, the in vitro and in vivo models have provided valuable tools for understanding the molecular pathology of this interesting neoplasm. This review charts particular aspects in the field of cell cultures and tumor xenografts in nude mice in GIST and their implication in the establishment of appropriate models for discovering and testing therapy. The cytogenetic featu…

Gene expression profiles in irradiated cancer cells

2013

Knowledge of the molecular and genetic mechanisms underlying cellular response to radiation may provide new avenues to develop innovative predictive tests of radiosensitivity of tumours and normal tissues and to improve individual therapy. Nowadays very few studies describe molecular changes induced by hadrontherapy treatments, therefore this field has to be explored and clarified. High-throughput methodologies, such as DNA microarray, allow us to analyse mRNA expression of thousands of genes simultaneously in order to discover new genes and pathways as targets of response to hadrontherapy. Our aim is to elucidate the molecular networks involved in the sensitivity/resistance of cancer cell …

Spatio-temporal dynamics of oscillatory network activity in the neonatal mouse cerebral cortex

2007

We used a 60-channel microelectrode array to study in thick (600-1000 microm) somatosensory cortical slices from postnatal day (P)0-P3 mice the spatio-temporal properties of early network oscillations. We recorded local non-propagating as well as large-scale propagating spontaneous oscillatory activity. Both types of activity patterns could never be observed in neocortical slices of conventional thickness (400 microm). Local non-propagating spontaneous oscillations with an average peak frequency of 15.6 Hz, duration of 1.7 s and maximal amplitude of 66.8 microV were highly synchronized in a network of approximately 200 microm in diameter. Spontaneous oscillations of lower frequency (10.4 Hz…

Human Embryonic Stem Cell Derived Hepatocyte-Like Cells as a Tool for In Vitro Hazard Assessment of Chemical Carcinogenicity

2011

Hepatocyte-like cells derived from the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hES-Hep) have potential to provide a human relevant in vitro test system in which to evaluate the carcinogenic hazard of chemicals. In this study, we have investigated this potential using a panel of 15 chemicals classified as noncarcinogens, genotoxic carcinogens, and nongenotoxic carcinogens and measured whole-genome transcriptome responses with gene expression microarrays. We applied an ANOVA model that identified 592 genes highly discriminative for the panel of chemicals. Supervised classification with these genes achieved a cross-validation accuracy of > 95%. Moreover, the expression of the response g…

Dystrophin-deficiency increases the susceptibility to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

2007

Background and aim: The clinical use of doxorubicin (DOX) and other anthracyclines is limited by a dosage-dependent cardiotoxicity, which can lead to cardiomyopathy. The role of the individual genetic makeup in this disorder is poorly understood. Alterations in genes encoding cardiac cytoskeleton or sarcolemma proteins may increase the susceptibility to doxorubicin-related cardiotoxicity. Methods: Female dystrophin-deficient mice (MDX) and age-matched wild-type mice underwent chronic treatment with doxorubicin. Cardiac function and tissue damage were assessed by echocardiography and histopathology, respectively. Gene expression changes were investigated using microarrays. Results: DOX treat…

Gene expression profiling of human liver cancer cells following celecoxib tretment

2010

Cytotoxicity, anti-angiogenic, apoptotic effects and transcript profiling of a naturally occurring naphthyl butenone, guieranone A

2012

Abstract Background Malignant diseases are responsible of approximately 13% of all deaths each year in the world. Natural products represent a valuable source for the development of novel anticancer drugs. The present study was aimed at evaluating the cytotoxicity of a naphtyl butanone isolated from the leaves of Guiera senegalensis, guieranone A (GA). Results The results indicated that GA was active on 91.67% of the 12 tested cancer cell lines, the IC50 values below 4 μg/ml being recorded on 83.33% of them. In addition, the IC50 values obtained on human lymphoblastic leukemia CCRF-CEM (0.73 μg/ml) and its resistant subline CEM/ADR5000 (1.01 μg/ml) and on lung adenocarcinoma A549 (0.72 μg/m…

Multiple sclerosis patient-derived CSF induces transcriptional changes in proliferating oligodendrocyte progenitors.

2014

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is in contact with brain parenchyma and ventricles, and its composition might influence the cellular physiology of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) thereby contributing to multiple sclerosis (MS) disease pathogenesis. Objective: To identify the transcriptional changes that distinguish the transcriptional response induced in proliferating rat OPCs upon exposure to CSF from primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS) or relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients and other neurological controls. Methods: We performed gene microarray analysis of OPCs exposed to CSF from neurological controls, or definitive RRMS or PPMS disease course. R…