Search results for "Artery"
showing 10 items of 2026 documents
The risk factor age in normotensive patients with pulmonary embolism: Effectiveness of age in predicting submassive pulmonary embolism, cardiac injur…
2015
Abstract Introduction Right ventricular dysfunction (RVD), submassive pulmonary embolism (PE), elevated systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and old age are well-known risk factors for poor outcome in acute normotensive PE. The aim of this analysis was to calculate age cut-off values to predict submassive PE, cardiac injury, RVD and elevated sPAP in normotensive PE patients. Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical, laboratory, radiological and echocardiographic data of normotensive PE patients (2006–2011) was performed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Youden indexes were used to test the effectiveness of using patients' ages at …
Renal function as a cofactor for risk stratification and short-term outcome in acute pulmonary embolism
2017
Abstract Background In addition to right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) and myocardial injury, impaired renal function is connected with poorer prognosis in pulmonary embolism (PE). We aimed to investigate renal function as a cofactor for risk stratification in PE. Methods Data from 182 patients with PE, treated between May 2006 and June 2011, were analysed retrospectively. PE patients with elevated creatinine were compared with those with normal values. Logistic regression models were calculated to investigate associations between creatinine and myocardial necrosis, RVD and in-hospital death. Prognostic performance of creatinine for prediction of myocardial necrosis and RVD were computed. R…
Capacitative Ca2+ entry associated with α1-adrenoceptors in rat aorta
1997
In rat aorta, depletion of internal Ca2+ stores by addition of noradrenaline (1 microM) induces a biphasic response (an initial phasic response and a tonic one) mediated by two different intracellular Ca2+ pools. This response cannot be repeated, suggesting a depletion of internal Ca2+ stores sensitive to noradrenaline. In absence of the agonist, this depletion is the signal for the entry of extracellular Ca2+, not only to refill the stores but also, under our experimental conditions, to activate the contractile proteins thus inducing an increase in the resting tone (IRT) that constitutes functional evidence of this Ca2+ entry. The ionic channels involved in the mechanism of the IRT have be…
Functional Role of α1-Adrenoceptor Subtypes in Murine Ophthalmic Arteries
2011
PURPOSE To identify the α(1)-adrenoceptor (α(1)-AR) subtypes mediating vascular adrenergic responses in murine ophthalmic arteries. METHODS Expression of mRNA was quantified for individual α(1)-AR subtypes in murine ophthalmic arteries using real-time PCR. To assess the functional relevance of α(1)-ARs for mediating vascular responses, ophthalmic arteries from mice deficient in one of the three α(1)-AR subtypes (α(1A)-AR(-/-), α(1B)-AR(-/-), and α(1D)-AR(-/-), respectively) and wild-type controls were isolated, cannulated with micropipettes, and pressurized. Changes in luminal artery diameter in response to the α(1)-AR agonist phenylephrine, the sympathetic transmitter noradrenaline, and to…
Senile amyloidosis: Principles of localization in a heterogeneous form of amyloidosis
1983
In order to identify amyloid deposits in patients over 60 years of age (so-called senile amyloid), the following five tissues were investigated under the light and electron microscope : 1. pituitary gland, 2. pancreatic islets of Langerhans, 3. heart, 4. aorta, and 5. brain. In all an increasing incidence of amyloid deposits was found with increasing age, and in the brain a significant quantitative increase in amyloid deposits with increasing age was observed. Despite the biochemical heterogeneity of amyloid found in old age, all the deposits seen in tissues examined were morphologically similar. Typical amyloid fibrils were always found (diameter 60–100 A), and these were invariably deposi…
Changes of arterial hemodynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance
2006
Aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the arterial hemodynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus or impaired glucose tolerance without clinical or Doppler evidence of peripheral arterial disease, in order to early detect vascular damage. Methods. We studied 20 subjects (12 men and 8 women, aged between 48 and 62 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (Group 1), 20 subjects (11 men and 9 women, aged between 49 and 61 years) with reduced glucose tolerance (Group 2), and 20 normal subjects (10 men and 10 women, aged between 48 and 62 years) (Group 3). Each subject underwent strain-gauge plethysmography and the following parameters were evaluated: rest flow (RF); peak flow (PF); PF/R…
Therapeutic effects of hMAPC and hMSC transplantation after stroke in mice.
2012
Stroke represents an attractive target for stem cell therapy. Although different types of cells have been employed in animal models, a direct comparison between cell sources has not been performed. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of human multipotent adult progenitor cells (hMAPCs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on endogenous neurogenesis, angiogenesis and inflammation following stroke. BALB/Ca-RAG 2(-/-) γC(-/-) mice subjected to FeCl(3) thrombosis mediated stroke were intracranially injected with 2 × 10(5) hMAPCs or hMSCs 2 days after stroke and followed for up to 28 days. We could not detect long-term engraftment of either cell population. However, in comparison w…
Riociguat versus sildenafil on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and ventilation/perfusion matching
2017
Introduction Current treatment with vasodilators for pulmonary hypertension associated with respiratory diseases is limited by their inhibitory effect on hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and uncoupling effects on ventilation-perfusion (V'/Q'). Hypoxia is also a well-known modulator of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway, and may therefore differentially affect the responses to phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) stimulators. So far, the effects of the sGC stimulator riociguat on HPV have been poorly characterized. Materials and methods Contraction was recorded in pulmonary arteries (PA) in a wire myograph. Anesthetized rats were catheterized to record …
Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic normal reference ranges for proximal aorta dimensions: Results from the EACVI NORRE study
2017
International audience; AIMS: To report normal reference ranges for echocardiographic dimensions of the proximal aorta obtained in a large group of healthy volunteers recruited using state-of-the-art cardiac ultrasound equipment, considering different measurement conventions, and taking into account gender, age, and body size of individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 704 (mean age: 46.0 ± 13.5 years) healthy volunteers (310 men and 394 women) were prospectively recruited from the collaborating institutions of the Normal Reference Ranges for Echocardiography (NORRE) study. A comprehensive echocardiographic examination was obtained in all subjects following pre-defined protocols. Aortic…
Transpulmonary cardiac output measurement in a rat model of cardiac arrest and CPR: Impact of vascular access
2009
Objective: The present study investigated the impact of the vascular access site for cardiac output (CO) measurement by thermodilution on survival and neurohistopathological injury in a rat model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Secondary the influence of the vascular access site on cardiac output measurements was examined. Methods: Rats underwent asphyxial CA and CPR. Thermocouple probes were either placed via the femoral artery into the bifurcation of abdominal aorta/iliac artery (Femoral) or via the carotid artery into the aortic arch (Carotid). CPR was initiated after 9 min CA. Local cerebral blood flow (lCBF) and CO were assessed for 120 min after restora…